Resveratrol modulates triosephosphate isomerase and mineralization in osteosarcoma cells: Potential target for novel therapeutic strategies

Abstract

Background/aim: Osteosarcoma, a primary malignant bone tumor, is challenging to treat due to its aggressive nature and limited therapies. Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenol, has potential anticancer properties. Hence, we investigated RES's impact on osteosarcoma cells, focusing on triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) and related mechanisms. Materials and methods: RES was applied to osteosarcoma (SaOS-2) and healthy fetal osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) cells for 48 h, and cell viability was measured by SRB assay. The mode of cell death was examined using Hoechst 33342/annexin V/propidium iodide. TPI and methylglyoxal (MG) enzyme levels were determined by ELISA. The effect of RES on the mineralization mechanism was investigated using the Alizarin Red-S method. Results: Viability assays showed that RES significantly reduced SaOS-2 cell viability, while sparing hFOB 1.19 cells. RES treatment decreased TPI levels in SaOS-2 cells and induced MG accumulation, correlating with reduced TPI. RES also triggered apoptosis and reduced mineralization in osteosarcoma cells, affecting osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion: RES shows potential as a therapeutic agent targeting the glycolytic metabolism and apoptotic pathways in osteosarcoma cells and warrants further investigation for osteosarcoma treatment.