Evaluation of gubernaculum dentis characteristics in impacted and unerupted permanent teeth: A CBCT-based study

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to characterize the imaging features of the gubernaculum dentis in impacted or unerupted permanent teeth. It also investigates whether these features differ between individuals with eruption-related pathologies and those without associated pathological conditions. Materials and Methods: A case-control design was employed, comprising 110 individuals in the study group (pathology-associated impacted/unerupted teeth) and 112 individuals in the control group (impacted/unerupted teeth without pathology). Categorical variables were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-Square test, which is appropriate for evaluating associations between categorical variables. In instances where multiple group comparisons were necessary, the Bonferroni-corrected Z-test was applied to adjust for the increased risk of Type I error due to multiple testing, thereby maintaining the overall statistical validity. Results: A statistically significant association was observed between GD status (absent, present, or enlarged) and group classification (pathology vs. control; p < 0.001). Specifically, GD absence was more prevalent in the pathology group (53.6%) compared to controls (26.1%). No significant age-related differences were detected between genders (p = 0.307). Conclusion: The findings demonstrate an inverse relationship between GD presence and pathological conditions associated with impacted or unerupted teeth. This suggests that GD absence or enlargement may serve as a radiographic marker for underlying odontogenic pathologies. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic role of GD in eruption disturbances.