Yayın: Entomopatojenik fungusların izolasyonu, karakterizasyonu ve esansiyel yağla kombinasyonunun depo zararlısı Tenebrio molitor üzerindeki etkileri
Dosyalar
Tarih
Kurum Yazarları
Yazarlar
Beyazgül, Cevdet Barış
Danışman
Türkeç, Aydın
Eski, Ardahan
Dil
Türü
Yayıncı:
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Cilt Başlığı
Özet
Depolanmış tahıllarda yaygın olarak görülen Tenebrio molitor (sarı un kurdu) zararlısı, ciddi ekonomik kayıplara neden olan polifag bir türdür. Kimyasal pestisitlerin çevresel zararları, insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri ve direnç gelişimi gibi faktörler, biyolojik mücadele yöntemlerinin önemini artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Bilecik ilinden alınan toprak örneklerinden toplam sekiz entomopatojenik fungus izole edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen tarama biyotestleri sonucunda, larvalara karşı en yüksek öldürücülük etkisi gösteren iki izolat CBF-2 ve CBF-7 olarak belirlenmiştir. Seçilen bu izolatlar üzerinde spor morfolojisi, koloni karakteristikleri ve mikroskobik analizlere ek olarak ITS ve EF1-α gen bölgelerinin dizilenmesiyle moleküler düzeyde de karakterizasyon yapılmış; CBF-2 ve CBF-7 izolatları, sırasıyla Beauveria bassiana ve Metarhizium robertsii olarak tanımlanmıştır. CBF-2 suşunun LC₅₀ değeri 1,8 × 106 spor/mL, CBF-7 suşunun ise 1,6 × 106 spor/mL olarak hesaplanmıştır. Mikrodalga ekstraksiyon yöntemiyle elde edilen C. serpyllifolium esansiyel yağının fumigant uygulamasında ise LC₅₀ değeri 12,3 µL olarak hesaplanmıştır. CBF-2, CBF-7 ve esansiyel yağın kombinasyon halinde uygulanması sonucunda, yüksek mortalite oranına ulaşılmış ve kombinasyonların istatistiksel olarak sinerjik etki oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, entomopatojenik fungusların ve bitkisel esansiyel yağların depo zararlısı T. molitor ile mücadelede alternatif biyokontrol ajanları olarak kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuş, seçilen CBF-2 ve CBF-7 izolatlarının C. serpyllifolium yağı ile kombinasyonu yüksek biyolojik aktivite göstermiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, entomopatojenik fungusların ve esansiyel yağların bireysel ve kombine kullanımının, depo zararlılarının kontrolünde çevre dostu, güvenilir, sürdürülebilir ve etkili bir zararlı kontrol stratejisi sunabileceğini göstermektedir.
Tenebrio molitor, commonly known as the yellow mealworm, is a polyphagous pest frequently found in stored grains and is responsible for significant economic losses. The environmental hazards of chemical pesticides, their adverse effects on human health, and the development of resistance have increased the importance of biological control strategies. In this study, a total of eight entomopathogenic fungal isolates were obtained from soil samples collected in the province of Bilecik. Based on preliminary screening bioassays, two isolates CBF-2 and CBF-7 exhibited the highest larvicidal activity. These selected isolates were further characterized by spore morphology, colony characteristics, and microscopic examinations. Molecular identification was performed through sequencing of the ITS and EF1-α gene regions. As a result, isolates CBF-2 and CBF-7 were identified as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii, respectively. The LC₅₀ values were calculated as 1.8 × 10⁶ spor/mL for CBF-2 and 1.6 × 10⁶ spor/mL for CBF-7. In fumigant applications using the essential oil of Clinopodium serpyllifolium extracted via the microwave-assisted extraction method, the LC₅₀ value was determined to be 12.3 µL. The combined application of CBF-2, CBF-7, and the essential oil resulted in high mortality rates, and statistical analyses confirmed that the combinations exerted a synergistic effect. The findings of this study demonstrate that entomopathogenic fungi and plant-derived essential oils can serve as alternative biocontrol agents against the storage pest T. molitor. Notably, the combination of the selected CBF-2 and CBF-7 isolates with C. serpyllifolium oil exhibited strong biological activity. These results suggest that the individual and combined use of entomopathogenic fungi and essential oils offers an environmentally friendly, safe, sustainable, and effective pest management strategy for controlling storage pests.
Tenebrio molitor, commonly known as the yellow mealworm, is a polyphagous pest frequently found in stored grains and is responsible for significant economic losses. The environmental hazards of chemical pesticides, their adverse effects on human health, and the development of resistance have increased the importance of biological control strategies. In this study, a total of eight entomopathogenic fungal isolates were obtained from soil samples collected in the province of Bilecik. Based on preliminary screening bioassays, two isolates CBF-2 and CBF-7 exhibited the highest larvicidal activity. These selected isolates were further characterized by spore morphology, colony characteristics, and microscopic examinations. Molecular identification was performed through sequencing of the ITS and EF1-α gene regions. As a result, isolates CBF-2 and CBF-7 were identified as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii, respectively. The LC₅₀ values were calculated as 1.8 × 10⁶ spor/mL for CBF-2 and 1.6 × 10⁶ spor/mL for CBF-7. In fumigant applications using the essential oil of Clinopodium serpyllifolium extracted via the microwave-assisted extraction method, the LC₅₀ value was determined to be 12.3 µL. The combined application of CBF-2, CBF-7, and the essential oil resulted in high mortality rates, and statistical analyses confirmed that the combinations exerted a synergistic effect. The findings of this study demonstrate that entomopathogenic fungi and plant-derived essential oils can serve as alternative biocontrol agents against the storage pest T. molitor. Notably, the combination of the selected CBF-2 and CBF-7 isolates with C. serpyllifolium oil exhibited strong biological activity. These results suggest that the individual and combined use of entomopathogenic fungi and essential oils offers an environmentally friendly, safe, sustainable, and effective pest management strategy for controlling storage pests.
Açıklama
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Konusu
Entomopatojen, Biyokontrol, Esansiyel yağ, Sinerjik etki, Entomopathogen, Biocontrol, Essential oil, Synergistic effect
