A searching for mazmuns (Poetic themes) pertaining to Turkish islamic literature in the works of Yunus Emre, Niyazi-i Misri and İsma il haqqi Bursawi

Abstract

Sufi poetry or divan poetry, both of our poems have a universal appeal and a classical value just as the poetry of many nations'. Poets of both groups enhanced the consciousness level of every people one by one and created a virtuous society by taking power from the potential that existed in Turkish society already. If it is needed to mention a difference between those two poetries, it could be that divan poetry is a static one and sufi poetry is more dynamic than the divan poetry. While divan poetry has a unique World of poetry, sufi poetry has a feeling of universe shaped by different meanings and concepts. Although divan poetry is based on intelligence and pleasure, there is intuitive inspiration and waridat in sufi poetry. These become poetic sometimes thanks to similes (tashbih), metaphors (majaz) and allusions (talmih), become verse and gradually turns into a poetic theme (mazmun). Until today, since the first that comes to mind, when it is said poetic themes (mazmun), is divan poetry, poetic themes of sufi poetry were overshadowed. However, sufi poetry is quite interesting and rich in terms of its poetic themes. Although they are called as just terms, each of the terms of sufi literature is a mystical state (hal), mystical station (maqam) or experience. For this reason, many concepts of sufi poetry, which we call term, could be a poetic theme by taking part in a reference (talmih), simile (tashbih) and metaphor (majaz). The aim of this article, which we can sample under three titles and with the couplets of our three sufi poets, is to draw attention to the existence of a rich mazmun staff independent of the divan poetry of Turkish sufi poetry. The subject of mazmun belonging to Turkish sufi poetry should be considered important since it has not been mentioned much until today.