2009 Cilt 3 Sayı 8
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Item Open Access Comparative efficacy of citric acid and Fe(II) Sulfate in the prevention of chlorosis in orange trees (Citrus sinensis L. cv ‘Darabi’)(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Amri, Elias; Shahsavar, Ali RezaA field experiment was carried out comprising foliar spray of citricric acid and Fe(II) sulfate alone and in combination with citricric acid were applied to evaluate the recovery of iron chlorosis of orange trees (Citrus sinensis L. cv ‘Darabi’ , grafted on Citrus aurantifolia L.) grown on a calcareous soil. The treatments were Fe(II) sulfate (500 mg Fe/L), citric acids plus Fe(II) sulfate (1000 mg/L + 500 mg Fe/L), citric acid (1000 mg/L), and distilled water as a control. A non-ionic wetting agent was used in all treatments. The use of frequent foliar sprays alleviated Fe chlorosis in orange trees. On 4 of 7 measurement dates, trees in the citric acids plus Fe(II) sulfate treatment had higher leaf chlorophyll indexes determined with a SPAD meter (SPAD values) than trees in all other treatments. Trees in the Fe(II) Sulfate treatment had higher SPAD values than trees in the citric acids and control treatments. Total leaf iron content was higher for the citric acids plus Fe(II) sulfate and Fe(II) sulfate treatments than the citric acids and control treatments. There was a difference in total leaf iron content between the citric acids and control treatments. Sprays of citric acids plus Fe(II) sulfate improved fruit size and quality compared to fruits of control trees. Sprays of Fe(II) sulfate also improved fruit quality and increase fruit size. Sprays of citric acids also improved fruit size and quality compared to fruits of control trees. These results suggest that foliar sprays with Fe could help to avoid yield and quality losses caused by Fe chlorosis in citrus orchards. Furthermore, these treatments could be done with relatively cheap materials such as solutions containing Fe(II) sulfate.Item Open Access Remote sensing and gis applications for monitoring multi- temporal changes of natural resources in Bursa-Turkey(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Dirim, M. Sabri; Aksoy, Ertuğrul; Özsoy, Gökhan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Toprak Bilimi Bölümü.The main objective was to investigate multi-temporal changes of the natural resources using remote sensing and geographic information system techniques. Landsat5 TM full frame images of 16 June 1984 and 06 August 1998 were used in this study. For this aim, three sub-scenes covering the Bursa city built-up area, Uluabat Lake and Mount Uludağ and its surroundings were extracted from the images. Geometric correction and image enhancement were made for the comparison time series remote sensing data, exact image-on-map overlay and better visual interpretation. Boundary of the Bursa City built-up area and Uluabat Lake was produced from visually interpreted image using both screen and tablet digitizing. Biomass changes of the Mount Uludağ and its surroundings were gathered from normalized vegetation index classification. The results revealed that the Bursa City built up areas have been expanded at a rate of 142.5 % from 5089 hectares (in 1984) to 12343 hectares (in 1998). The expansions in the built-up areas have been mainly occurred in valuable agricultural lands. In addition, the coverage area of the Uluabat Lake decreased at a rate of 12 % from 133.1 km2 ( in 1984) to 116.8 (in 1998) km2 due to sediments transported by the surface water of surrounding irrigated agricultural lands, tributary streams and mainly Mustafakemalpaşa River. Moreover, we found that 26292 ha mainly forest and floral areas have been degraded in fourteen years period.Item Open Access Seasonal changes in chironomids (Diptera:Chironomidae) of Kesikköprü Dam Lake (Ankara, Turkey)(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Ahıska, SeyhanThe seasonal variations of species belonging to the family Chironomidae along with some physical and chemical properties of Kesikköprü (Ankara) dam lake during the period of April 1995- May 1996 were investigated. Chironomid larvae were composed of 26 % of benthic fauna. Ten species of Chironomids were recorded from dam lake. Also, temperature of lake water and weather, pH, oxygen, light permeability and depth were measured monthly. Results showed that the Kesikköprü dam lake is olygotrophic.Item Open Access Temperature responses of pollen germination in walnut (Juglans regia L.)(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Mert, Cevriye; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.This study was carried out in order to determine the effects of different temperatures (16±1 °C, 19±1 °C and 27±1 °C) with various sucrose concentrations (10, 15 or 20% sucrose) on the pollen germination of ‘Şebin’, ‘Kaplan 86’, ‘Yalova 3’, ‘Pedro’, ‘Hartley’ and ‘Franquette’ walnut cultivars in 2007 and 2008. Pollens were also subjected to tetrazolium (TTC) test to determine their viability level. Temperature had significant effect on the germination percentage. Pollen germination rates increased significantly with increasing temperatures in walnut cultivars studied. The highest germination rates were recorded at 27 ±1 ˚C temperature in both years (26.94-73.98%; 22.78-70.86%), respectively. The rate of pollen viability of all the cultivars tested was high (> 75%). The highest pollen germination percentage was obtained from 15% and 20% sucrose concentrations in both years.Item Open Access Effects of dietary organic and inorganic chromium supplementation on performance, egg shell quality and serum parameters in pharaoh quails(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Yeşilbağ, Derya; Eren, Mustafa; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.This study was conducted to determine the effects of organic and inorganic chromium (Cr) supplementation on performance parameters, eggshell quality and some serum parameters of laying Pharaoh quails (Coturnix coturnix Pharaoh). Laying quails (n: 360; 59 days old) were randomly divided into three experimental groups each including 120 birds. Basal diet applied to control group was based on corn-soybean meal without additional organic or inorganic Cr. An amount of 100 ppm organic Cr (chromium picolinate) and 1000 ppm inorganic Cr (chromium chloride) were added to diets of group I and group II, respectively. All birds received feed and water ad libitum during the experiment which was lasted 8 weeks. In this study, it was found that organic and inorganic chromium supplementation cause an increase in eggshell thickness (p< 0.01) and eggshell breaking strength (p< 0.001). On the other side no significant effect was detected in feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg weight and egg production (p> 0.05). Serum cholesterol levels of birds were not affected both by organic and inorganic chromium supplementation. Contrary to these results, serum glucose levels were also significantly (p<0.01) increased in inorganic Cr supplemented group compared to control group. Serum glucose level was lower in organic Cr supplemented group than in inorganic Cr supplemented group. Serum total protein levels were significantly (p< 0.01) increased in group I (100 ppm organic Cr). In this study more satisfied results were obtained by Cr-picolinate supplementation. It can be due to the higher bioavailability of organic chromium sources than of inorganic sources. No side effect of chromium had been recorded at supplemented doses in experimental groups.