2010 Cilt 4 Sayı 12
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Item Open Access Availability, accumulation and elimination of cadmium by artemia urmiana in different salinities(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Rahimi, Bita; Manavi, Parisa NejatkhahThe effect of salinity on cadmium uptake and elimination by brine shrimp Artemia urmiana which lives only in Urumieh Lake, Iran, was studied for the first time. Brine Shrimp were acclimated to different salinities and exposed to the metal in solution at differing salinities and composition. Experimental salinities ranged from 50 to 125 gL-1 and the concentrations for cadmium added to the solution were 20 and 5 mg/L. At first, bioaccumulations of Cd (5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L Cd) were measured on day 1, 5, 11 and 17 of life. The results showed that, accumulation of cadmium in A. urmiana, depends upon the concentration of cadmium in the environment and increased with time. It also increased with the concentration of Cd in the environment. Maximum accumulation of Cd (0.748 mg kg -1) was observed with 20 mg/L Cd and on the 11th day of life of Artemia. Within each acclimation group, the cadmium uptake decreased with increasing exposure to salinity. To study cadmium elimination, samples were taking at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Results showed that, Artemia urmiana has the ability to accumulate and eliminate cadmium. Accumulation and also elimination of Cd by Artemia urmiana in 20 mg/L Cd were higher than in 5 mg/L Cd in all studied salinities. The cadmium accumulation pattern which seems well conserved in Artemia is characterized by a fast elimination of the metal.Item Open Access Endogenous promoters and ınhibitors in olive cuttings in relation to adventitious root formation(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Asl moshtaghi, Elham; Shahsavar, Ali RezaLevels of endogenous rooting promoters and inhibitors were determined in olive cvs "Roghani"(high rooting ability), "Tokhmkabki" and "Konservalia"(low rooting abilities). Cuttings were prepared and rooted in greenhouse under intermittent mist after that, samples for each cultivar were taken 60 days after cuttings preparation. Thin layer chromatography was used for purification and identification of endogenous plant hormones (Indol-3-acetic acid (IAA), Abscisic acid (ABA), Gibberellins (GAs) and cytokinins). Results indicated that "Roghani" olive cuttings gave significantly higher rooting percentage than "Tokhmkabki" and "Konservalia". Results showed significant differences in IAA concentration in leaves of "Roghani", "Tokhmkabki" and "Konservalia" at sampling date. IAA concentration in "Roghani" leaves was significantly higher than "Tokhmkabki" and "Konservalia" cultivars. These results suggest that auxin was confirmed as limiting factor of root initiation. However, insignificant differences in ABA and cytokinins concentration were recorded between the 3 olive cultivars. But the high GAs concentration in "Tokhmkabki" and "Konservalia" leaves coincides with the low rooting percentages of the cuttings.Item Open Access Influence of preharvest ethephon spray on fruit quality and chemical attributes of ‘cigany’ sour cherry cultivar(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Khorshidi, Shadan; Davarynejad, GholamhosseinInfluences of preharvest ethephon spray on fruit quality attributes and certain nutritional compounds of ‘Cigany’ sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) were investigated. Trees were sprayed with 250 ppm ethephon one week before anticipated commercial harvest. Fruits from ethephon-sprayed trees had significantly lower soluble solids concentration (SSC), anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity, and firmness than those from non-sprayed control. The ethephon spray did not affect total phenolic content, although its content tended to be higher in fruits from non-treated control. Titratable acidity (TA), pH and SSC/TA ratio were not affected by ethephon spray. There was a significantly positive correlation between anthocyanin content and SSC (r = 0.99).Item Open Access Determination of the species of curculionoidea superfamily on alfalfa fields (Medicago sativa L.) and their distribution in Bursa province of Turkey(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Coşkuncu, Kıymet Senan; Gencer, Nimet Sema; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bitki Koruma Bölümü.This study was carried out to determine superfamily species of Curculionoidea which is living in the alfalfa areas of Bursa province of Turkey during 2004-2005. Insect samplings were collected by sweep net over a 7-12 day period, on alfalfa fields. In this study, among determined species, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal 1813), Apion pisi (Fabricius 1801), Sitona macularius (crinitus) (Marsham 1802), Sitona hispidulus (Fabricius 1777) and Sitona humeralis Stephens 1831 were recorded as important pests and widespread. The most abundance species rates were Apion pisi 85.0%, Hypera postica 7.2%, S. humeralis 3.4%, S. macularis 2.1%, S. hispidulus 1.3 % respectively. Nonetheless Sitona lineatus (Linneaus 1758), Sitona flavescens (Marshall 1802), Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Marsham 1802), Ceutorhynchus anatolicus Schultze, 1900, Phyllobius sp., Protapion trifolii (Linnaeus 1768), Ceratapion gibbirostre (Gyllenhal 1813), Gymnetron rotundicolle Gyllenhal 1838 were also found in towns of Bursa province. S. flavescens, Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus, C. anatolicus, Protapion trifolii, C. gibbirostre were the first record in Bursa province.Item Open Access Influence of different dietary oil sources on performance and cholesterol content of egg yolk in laying hens(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Küçükersan, Kemal; Küçükersan, Seher; Yeşilbağ, Derya; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.This study was conducted to determine the effects of different dietary oil supplements on performance parameters (feed consumption, egg weight and egg production) and cholesterol content of egg yolk in laying hens. A total of 180 Hysex Brown layer hens which were 36 weeks old were assigned to four treatment groups that also have three subgroups (3 hens per cage) and fed with the experimental diets for 8 weeks. During this period the hens had ad-libitum access to feed and water. The basal diet (Table 1) was formulated to contain 17% crude protein and 2750 kcal/kg metabolisable energy. Diets of experimental groups were designed so that they include different oil supplements (sunflower oil, fish oil, soybean oil and hazelnut oil) at 3% concentration. Hens accommodated in a poultry house with a light regimen of 17 h light and 7 h darkness. At the end of the study, it is found out that when different dietary oil supplementations were added to the diet feed consumption and feed efficiency were not affected (p>0.05). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in egg quality parameters and egg cholesterol values (p> 0.05). Egg production and egg weight values were found to be significantly higher (p< 0.05) in the group fed with 3% soybean oil. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that supplementation of different oil sources does not create statistically significant effects on egg quality parameters and egg cholesterol value in laying hens. Compared to other experimental groups, relatively higher positive effects on production parameters were obtained in the group of animals that were fed with soybean oil containing ration.Item Open Access Turfgrass seedling height and quality in paclobutrazol- treated seeds of lolium perenne l. barrage and festuca arundinacea l. master(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Shahrokhi, Mahsa; Tehranifar, Ali; Hadizadeh, Haniye; Selahvarzi, YahyaPaclobutrazol affects height and quality of seedlings of turfgrass specious. To determine the effect of paclobutrazol on seedling height and visual quality, seeds of Lolium perenne L. Barrage and Festuca arundinacea L. Master were soaked with 0, 20, 30 and 40 mgL-1 paclobutrazol for 24 h on shaker during imbibitions stage of seed germination. Treated seeds were sowed in the soil mixtures containing 70 percent gardening soil (with clay loam texture) and 30 percent sand (V/V). Pots had 41 cm height and 23 cm wide. Lower height at three stages of measured vegetative growth was resulted in Festuca arundinacea L. Master. Paclobutrazol resulted in lower height in three stage of vegetative growth. The interaction between cultivar and paclobutrazol concentrations was significant at 30 days after planting (DAP). Treatment of Festuca arundinacea L. Master with paclobutrazol 30 and 40 mgL-1 showed lower height at stage tree (30 DAP) while there were no significant difference in Lolium perenne L. Barrage. All of paclobutrazol treatment resulted lower wide of blade in Lolium perenne L. Barrage. Festuca arundinacea L. Master treated with 40 mgL-1 paclobutrazol had higher visual quality. It can be concluded that different cultivar could show different response to paclobutrazol treated on seed before planting. Festuca arundinacea L. Master treated with 40 mgL-1 may be more suitable to be used in this regard.Item Open Access Biosorption of heavy metals by four acclimated microbial species, bacillus spp., pseudomonas spp., staphylococcus spp. and aspergillus niger(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Kumar, Ashkok; Bisht, Balwant Singh; Joshi, Vishnu DattThe four acclimated microorganisms viz. Bacillus spp. Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Aspergillus niger, were isolated from soil and sludge undergone enrichment process. They were allowed to grow in synthetic media amended with heavy metal solution. The waste samples both solid and liquid were collected and chemical parameters was checked viz. pH, BOD, COD, chloride, fluoride, TDS and TH. The heavy metals Mn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb were determined in liquid waste and industrial wastewater, while other metals viz. Cr, Co, Zn, Mn and Ni were measured in leachate (solid waste). The acclimated microorganisms were used to remediate the waste by biosorption process in a Batch culture. Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. reduced Cu 4.165mgl-1 and 3.332 mgl-1(68% and 56%) and Ni 5.015 mgl-1 and 3.8 mgl-1 (65% and 48%) respectively. Aspergillus niger reduced Cd 0.267 mgl-1 (50%) and Zn 5.988 mgl-1(58%) whereas Staphylococcus sp. reduced Cr 4.108 mgl-1(45%), Cu 2.615 mgl-1(42%) and Pb 0.813 mgl-1 (93%). The results showed that Pseudomonas sp. reduced heavy metals more than other microbes but Staphylococcus sp. reduced lead 93% which was surprising and very much amount of lead uptake by Staphylococcus sp.