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Item Diagnostic performance of EBUS-TBNA and its interrelation with PET-CT in patients with extra-thoracic malignancies(Türk Tüberküloz ve Toraks Derneği, 2020-10-03) Güçlü, Özge Aydın; Demirdöğen, Ezgi; Ursavaş, Ahmet; Öztürk, Nilüfer Aylin Acet; Özkaya, Güven; Karadağ, Mehmet; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Göğüs Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Biyoistatistik Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-9027-1132; 0000-0002-7400-9089; 0000-0002-6375-1472; 0000-0003-0297-846X; AAG-8744-2021; AAH-9812-2021; Z-1424-2019; AAI-3169-2021; A-4421-2016; 14062849300; 8329319900; 57203790565; 57200859646; 16316866500; 6601970351Introduction: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a well-established diagnostic tool for lung cancer, sarcoidosis, and suspected metastatic extra-thoracic malignancy (ETM). Patients with primary ETM often have hypermetabolic mediastinal/hilar lymph node enlargement in the PET-scan done for initial staging or post treatment follow-up. We aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of EBUS-TBNA and the relationship between PET-SUV values and diagnosis of malignancy metastasis in patients with ETM. Materials and Methods: Results of EBUS-TBNA in ETM patients with suspected MLN metastasis were retrospectively analysed (May 2016 to July 2019). Non-malign results were confirmed for surgery or clinical/radiological follow-up. Lymph nodes with a high FDG-uptake (SUV > 2.5, MLN) were reported as suspicious for metastasis. Results: Of the 588 EBUS procedures, 109 were included in the analysis. Patient' mean age was 62.5 +/- 10.1 years; there were 35 men and 74 women. Primary malignancies were breast cancer in 33, gastrointestinal in 23, female genital tract in 17, head and neck in 14, genitourinary cancer in 13, malignant melanoma in 6, sarcoma in 2 and kaposi sarcoma in 1. According to EBUS-TBNA smear and cell block histopathologic evaluations, 16 patients' results (14.7%) were malignant compatible with metastasis of ETM. Among the 93 patients with non-malignant diagnosis, EBUS-TBNA revealed a granulomatous lympadenitis compatible with sarcoid reaction in 7 and tuberculosis in 2. A total of 9 patients underwent surgical procedures after EBUS-TBNA, with a definitive histological diagnosis of granulomatous lymphadenitis in 2, malignancy in 5 and, reactive lymph node in 2. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA were 76.19% (95% CI 52.83-91.78), 100% (95% CI 95.89-100.00), 100%, 94.62% (95% CI 89.12-97.12) and 95.4%, respectively. Conclusion: EBUS-TBNA sampling has high diagnostic performance. Histopathological confirmation requirement for MLN should be kept in mind in patients with ETM, even they have negative EBUS results.Item Molecular identification of HIV-1 in the presence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus Co-infections(Galenos Yayıncılık, 2020-02-24) Sayan, Murat; Özgüler, Müge; Yıldırım, Figen; Yıldırmak, Taner; Gündüz, Alper; Dokuzoğuz, Başak; Çelen, Mustafa Kemal; İnan, Dilara; Ersöz, Gülden; Karaoğlan, İlkay; Ceran, Nurgül; Heper, Yasemin; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-6635-5416; AAH-6506-2021; 56191003300Background: Because of their similar modes of transmission, the simultaneous infection of viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus are increasingly seen as a big problem related to human health. Aims: To determine the drug mutations in hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus co-infected human immunodeficiency virus-1 patients in Turkey. Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: The present study was conducted between 2010 and 2017. HBsAg, anti-hepatitis C virus, and anti-human immunodeficiency vim were tested with ELISA. All anti-human immunodeficiency virus positive results by ELISA were verified for anti-human immunodeficiency virus positivity by a Western blot test, and Antihuman immunodeficiency virus positive patients with HBsAg andior anti-hepatitis C virus positivity were included in the study. Subtyping and genotypic resistance analyses were performed by population sequencing of the viral protease and reverse transcriptase regions of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 pol gene. Results: We detected 3896 human immunodeficiency virus-1 positive patients whose sera were sent from numerous hospitals across the country to our polymerase chain reaction unit for detection of drug resistance mutations and whose molecular laboratory tests were completed. Viral hepatitis co-infections were detected in 4.3% (n=170) of patients. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection were observed in 3.2% and 0.5% of all human immunodeficiency virus-I infected patients, respectively. The major human immunodeficiency virus-1 subtype detected was group M, subtype B (62.9%). However, 13.5% of drug resistance mutation motifs were found in human immunodeficiency virus-1 genomes of patients included in the study. Conclusion: Due to similar transmission routes, HIV1 patients are at risk of hepatitis B and C virus co-infection. However, antiretroviral drug resistance mutation model is similar to patients with hepatitis negative.Item Ses dosyalarının akustik şebeke gürültüsü tabanlı adli kanıt analizi(IEEE, 2016-06-20) Vatansever, Saffet; Dirik, Ahmet Emir; Uludaǧ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Bilgisayar Mühendisligi Bölümü.; 0000-0002-6200-1717; K-6977-2012; 23033658100Elektrik Şebeke Frekansı (ENF), şebekede harcanan gücün üretilen güce oranla artıp azalmasına bağlı olarak nominal frekans (50/60 Hz) etrafında anlık salınımlar yapar. Elektrik şebeke gerilimi kaynaklı elektromanyetik alan veya akustik şebeke gürültüsünün olduğu bir ortamda yapılan ses kayıtlarına ENF kaynaklı bir gürültü bileşeni eklenmektedir. Bu bileşen yardımı ile bir ses dosyasının hangi gün ve saat kayıt edildiği doğrulanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ev ve iş yerlerinde sıklıkla kullanılan cihazların yaymış olduğu akustik gürültüler analiz edilerek ses kayıtlarında akustik gürültü kaynaklı ENF gürültüsünün varlığı ve kestirimi araştırılmıştır. Kestirimi yapılan ENF sinyallerinin şebekeye bağlı bir devre yardımı ile elde edilen referans ENF ile benzerlikleri ölçülerek dosya kayıt zamanlarının doğru bir şekilde tespit edilebilirliği incelenmiştir. Akustik şebeke gürültüsüne karşı dinamik ve elektret mikrofonların davranışı araştırılmış, ses kayıtları üzerinden kayıt ortamı ve kayıt cihazı hakkında ne ölçüde bilgi sahibi olunabileceği incelenmiştir. Sosyal medyalarda yüklü videolardan ENF sinyali kestirimi de bu çalışma kapsamında ayrıca araştırılmıştır.