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Item Open Access 30 years retrospective review of tuberculosis cases in a tuberculosis dispensary in Bursa/Nilufer, Turkey (1985-2014): Changes of epidemics(Mattioli 1885, 2016-10-23) Özgüç, Sedef; Yıldız, Timur; Pala, Kayıhan; Gerçek, Harika; Taş, Tuncay Aydın; Çakır, Rukiye; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-0983-4904; 0000-0002-3816-4874; F-7816-2013; 6603159416; 36543842000; 57193114540; 56414706200Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of patients who applied to the Bursa Nilufer Tuberculosis Dispensary by investigating the trends in epidemics over three decades. Method: In this retrospective observational study, the records of all tuberculosis cases (1630 patients) treated in the last 30 years (1985-2014) at the Bursa Nilufer Tuberculosis Dispensary were examined and statistically analyzed. Results: Males comprised 65.2% of the patients. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 to 87 years, and the mean age was 37.4 (95% CI: 36.6-38.2). Among the cases, 86.7% were new infections and 74.1% were pulmonary tuberculosis. In the last decade, the education level, the percentage of patients who had received a BCG vaccination, the proportion of women and active employees among them increased (p<0.05), while it decreased among men (p<0.05). Clinical symptoms accompanying TB such as weakness, anorexia, weight loss, and cough, decreased to a statistically significant degree (p<0.05). In the last decade, the mortality rate was 3.6% and increased compared with previous decades (p<0.05). Mortality was higher among patients who were elderly, male, did not have a BCG scar or had a chronic disease (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study adds information about the change of TB epidemics in Turkey in the last 30 years. Further studies are needed to determine the risk factors associated with tuberculosis mortality and to evaluate the effectiveness control programs of this disease.Item Metadata only A traditional Turkish fermented cereal food: Tarhana(Taylor & Francis, 2007) Özdemir, Sibel; Göçmen, Duygu; Kumral, A. Yıldırım; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü.; 18038353400; 55967047900; 16039935800Tarhana has a long history. According to historical records, it was first produced by Turkish people in Middle Asia and afterwards it spread out to different parts of the world. It is a fermented cereal-based food and can be simply defined as a mixture of yoghurt, cereal flours, yeast, different vegetables, herbs, and spices. After the inixing process, tarhana dough is fermented for 1 to 5 days and immediately dried. Both lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast fermentations occur simultaneously, during tarhana production. Therefore, tarhana has sour and acidic taste with yeast flavour as well. It is sun-dried at the home-made level or oven-dried of the commercial level. Several types of tarhana can be classified depending upon processing method or raw materials used. Low moisture (6-10%), low pH (3.5-5.0), and components (organic acids, bacteriosin, etc.) formed in fermentation have bacteriostatic effect on pathogens and spoilage microorganisms during long term storage (1-2 years) and enhance shelf life. Since tarhana is a good source of B vitamins, minerals, organic acids, and free amino acids, and since it is a product of LAB and yeast fermentation, it may be considered a junctional and probiotic food.Item Open Access Allergenic pollens in Turkey(Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi, 2019) Bıçakçı, Adem; Tosunoğlu, Aycan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Biyoloji Bölümü.; 0000-0002-6333-3123; 0000-0003-2303-672X; O-1244-2018; 6701674542; 35235434000In this study, atmospheric pollen data of previous studies belonging to 54 different stations in Turkey, conducted by using the gravimetric and/or volumetric method, were evaluated in terms of flora, biogeography and aeropalynology. In line with these data, Turkey is divided into 5 aeropalyno-geographical regions, which are represented with their characteristics (North, West, South, Central, and East), and the skin prick tests were evaluated on the basis of pollen allergy data regionally and concurrently. In general, the dominant pollen seen in Turkey's atmosphere has been found to be represented by 29 different types. The pollen sum of these 29 taxa was found to represent more than 85% of the total pollen concentration detected in the atmosphere when evaluated according to different regions. Of these pollen types, 20 belong to woody and nine belong to herbaceous plants. It has generally been reported that there are higher pollen concentrations of woody plants in the atmosphere in Turkey. Overall, Cupressaceae/Taxaceae, Pinus, and Gramineae pollens were found as the common types to all of Turkey's five aeropalyno-geographic regions, in which they were recorded within the first three dominant pollen types. It has also been observed that Quercus, Platanus and Populus pollens from woody plants, and Amaranthaceae and Urticaceae pollens from the herbaceous plants were commonly recorded in high amounts for all regions. However, when the revised data are examined in detail, it has been determined that tree pollens like Fagus, Carpinus, Alnus, Corylus and Betula in the atmosphere were characteristic for the Northern Turkey region; the highest amounts of Olea europaea pollen for the Western Turkey region; higher quantities of the Cupressaceae/Taxaceae pollen for the Southern Turkey region; and very high amounts of Gramineae, Morus, Fraxinus and Artemisia pollens for the Eastern Turkey region have been recorded as characteristic in the atmosphere. Compared to Europe; Morus, Salix, Populus, Mercurialis and Plantago pollens in the atmosphere of Turkey differ in their presence and quantity. On the other hand, invasive plants such as Ambrosia and Ailanthus or exotic plants such as Casuarina and Eucalyptus, which have allergenic pollens, must be remembered among the dominant taxa in the air in different regions on a seasonal basis. It has been shown that the ideal allergen panels have to be updated according to the area and especially by including the dominant taxa. However, these updates should be made by taking into account cross-reactions, and at least one of the reacting taxa should be included in the panel.Item Metadata only Aluminium speciation in natural waters(Instytut Chemii Fizycznej Pan, 1999) Pyrzynska, Krystyna; Bulska, Ewa; Hulanicki, Andrzej; Güçer, Şeref; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi/Kimya Bölümü.The presence of aluminium in the form of different species in natural waters receives an increasing attention due to better understanding of its bioavailability, toxicity and transport mechanism. Recently a number of methods for fractionating of aluminium have been developed. Most of them are operationally defined, since the validation of what is really measured in real samples is very difficult. This review concerns the specific problems of aluminium speciation analysis and highlights some important methods used for this purpose.Item Open Access Anksiyete belirtilerinin eşlik ettiği majör depresif bozukluğun tanı ve sağaltımındaki güçlükler(Türkiye Sinir ve Ruh Sağlığı Derneği, 2006) Akkaya, Cengiz; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı.; 14061855100Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and costly disorder MDD often occurs with comorbid symptoms of anxiety. While symptoms of anxiety are not part of the diagnosis criteria of MDD, it has been recognized for many years that anxiety may play a critical role in depressive illness. The presence of anxiety has been associated with greater severity of depression and functional impairment, as well as increased suicide risk. Moreover, anxiety symptoms have been associated with reduced antidepressant response, in addition to greater risk of relapse and chronicity. Recently, emphasis has been placed on remission as the goal in the treatment of MDD. Patients who achieve remission have more favorable long-term outcomes than those who have appreciable improvement, but still have residual symptoms. Given the burden of illness caused by MDD, and given that anxiety is a common component of MDD and that full symptom resolution should be the goal of antidepressant therapy, efficacy in treating the symptoms of anxiety associated with depression may be an important component of the overall treatment of depression. Treatment of anxious depression presents unique challenges, optimally involving pharmacological agents that are effective for both depression and anxiety. The likely role of abnormal serotonergic neurotransmission in anxiety is widely supported, while the role of norepinephrine is less clear A large body of evidence supports the hypothesis that a perturbation in norepinephrine neurotransmission contributes to the symptoms of anxiety. It has been suggested that agents with dual reuptake inhibition of 5-HT and norepinephrine may be particularly effective in treating anxiety.Item Open Access Anthropometric measurements usage in medical sciences(Hindawi LTD, 2015) Utkualp, Nevin; Ercan, Ilker; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi/Hemşirelik Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Biyoistatistik Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-0795-9372; 0000-0002-2382-290X; AAJ-1202-2021; ABF-2367-2020; 56829620000; 6603789069Morphometry is introduced as quantitative approach to seek information concerning variations and changes in the forms of organisms that described the relationship between the human body and disease. Scientists of all civilization, who existed until today, examined the human body using anthropometric methods. For these reasons, anthropometric data are used in many contexts to screen for or monitor disease. Anthropometry, a branch of morphometry, is the study of the size and shape of the components of biological forms and their variations in populations. Morphometrics can also be defined as the quantitative analysis of biological forms. The field has developed rapidly over the last two decades to the extent that we now distinguish between traditional morphometrics and the more recent geometric morphometrics. Advances in imaging technology have resulted in the protection of a greater amount of morphological information and have permitted the analysis of this information. The oldest and most commonly used of these methods is radiography. With developments in this area, CT and MRI have also been started to be used in screening of the internal organs. Morphometric measurements that are used in medicine, are widely used in the diagnosis and the follow-up and the treatment of the disease, today. In addition, in cosmetology use of these new measurements is increasing every day.Item Metadata only Apoptosis: Why and how does it occur in biology?(Wiley, 2011-08) Açılan, Ceyda; Yılmaz, Yusuf; Ulukaya, Engin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Biyokimya.; K-5792-2018; 6602927353The literature on apoptosis has grown tremendously in recent years, and the mechanisms that are involved in this programmed cell death pathway have been enlightened. It is now known that apoptosis takes place starting from early development to adult stage for the homeostasis of multicellular organisms, during disease development and in response to different stimuli in many different systems. In this review, we attempted to summarize the current knowledge on the circumstances and the mechanisms that lead to induction of apoptosis, while going over the molecular details of the modulator and mediators of apoptosis as well as drawing the lines between programmed and non-programmed cell death pathways. The review will particularly focus on Bcl-2 family proteins, the role of different caspases in the process of apoptosis, and their inhibitors as well as the importance of apoptosis during different disease states. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in apoptosis better will make a big impact on human diseases, particularly cancer, and its management in the clinics.Item Open Access Arterial tortuosity syndrome: 40 new families and literature review(Nature Publishing Group, 2018-01-11) Bostan, Özlem Mehtap; Temel, Şehime Gülsün; Uysal, Fahrettin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Pediatrik Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Histoloji ve Embriyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Genetik Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-7707-2174; 0000-0002-9802-0880; AAG-8558-2021; AAG-8385-2021; AAH-4421-2021; 8676936500; 6507885442; 24469008200Purpose: We delineate the clinical spectrum and describe the histology in arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS), a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by tortuosity of the large and medium-sized arteries, caused by mutations in SLC2A10. Methods: We retrospectively characterized 40 novel ATS families (50 patients) and reviewed the 52 previously reported patients. We performed histology and electron microscopy (EM) on skin and vascular biopsies and evaluated TGF-beta signaling with immunohistochemistry for pSMAD2 and CTGF. Results: Stenoses, tortuosity, and aneurysm formation are widespread occurrences. Severe but rare vascular complications include early and aggressive aortic root aneurysms, neonatal intracranial bleeding, ischemic stroke, and gastric perforation. Thus far, no reports unequivocally document vascular dissections or ruptures. Of note, diaphragmatic hernia and infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) are frequently observed. Skin and vascular biopsies show fragmented elastic fibers (EF) and increased collagen deposition. EM of skin EF shows a fragmented elastin core and a peripheral mantle of microfibrils of random directionality. Skin and end-stage diseased vascular tissue do not indicate increased TGF-beta signaling. Conclusion: Our findings warrant attention for IRDS and diaphragmatic hernia, close monitoring of the aortic root early in life, and extensive vascular imaging afterwards. EM on skin biopsies shows disease-specific abnormalities.Item Open Access Assessment of quality of life in migraine(Türk Nöroloji Derneği, 2013) Taşkapılıoğlu, Özlem; Necdet, Karlı; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı.; AAK-6623-2020; 55842676700; 23037226400Quality of life is the perception of an individual's position in life associated with his objectives, expectations, interests, and standard's of life. Health-related quality of life, on the other hand, includes satisfaction with his health and emotional reaction to his state of health. Primary headaches are encountered commonly in adults during their most productive years like end of puberty and at the beginning of 50's. Migraine alone is responsible for 1.3% of years with disability in the world, all headaches together being responsible for twice of this load. Headaches both worsen quality of life of individuals and place a significant burden on the society. This review will focus on the effects of primary headaches, especially migraine, on quality of life and tools used to evaluate these effects.Item Open Access Association of alcohol consumption with the onset of natural menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis(Oxford University, 2016-03-11) Kiefte-de, Jessica C. Jong; Bramer, Wichor M.; Daan, Nadine M. P.; Franco, Oscar H.; Muka, Taulant; Taneri, Petek Eylül; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-0399-3584; AAH-5264-2019; 57190006843Early onset of menopause is associated with long-term health risks, including cardiovascular disease and premature death. Although alcohol intake has been suggested to affect the age at which natural menopause occurs, results from observational studies are not consistent. In the view of the differing risks to the health of early menopause and the increasing trends in alcohol consumption in women, in this systematic review, we aimed to quantify the association between all levels of alcohol consumption and menopause onset. Six electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science) were systematically searched until 4 November 2015 to identify relevant studies assessing the association between alcohol consumption and onset of menopause. Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts of all initially identified studies according to the selection criteria. Studies were sought if they (i) were observational cross-sectional, prospective and interventional studies, (ii) had reported on natural onset of menopause, (iii) had reported on alcohol consumption, (iv) had assessed the association between alcohol consumption and menopause onset, (v) were conducted in humans and (vi) were not conducted in patients with cancer. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers using a predesigned data-collection form. The primary exposure variable was the presence of active alcohol drinking at baseline compared with a reference group of non-drinkers. Pooled relative risks (RRs) were calculated. Of the 1193 references (all in English language) reviewed for eligibility, 22 articles based on 20 unique studies were included in the final analysis. A total of 41 339 and 63 868 non-overlapping women were included in the meta-analysis of cross-sectional and observational cohort studies, respectively. In cross-sectional studies, the pooled RR for earlier onset of menopause was 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78-0.96) between drinkers versus non-drinkers. Analysis of the levels of alcohol consumed showed that low and moderate alcohol consumption (more than one drink per week (RR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.49-0.75) and three or fewer drinks per week (RR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60-0.94)) were associated with later menopause onset, compared to non-drinkers. In prospective studies, RR for earlier menopause onset was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.98) when comparing women who reported drinking alcohol versus women who did not. Analysis of the dose of alcohol consumed showed that low-to-moderate alcohol intake (0-8 g/day (RR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93-0.98), and 16 g/day (RR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.86-0.92)) was associated with later menopause onset, compared to non-drinking. The findings of this review indicate that alcohol consumption, particularly low and moderate alcohol intake, might be associated with later onset of menopause although the magnitude of the association is low. Further studies are needed to corroborate these findings, clarify the level of alcohol intake at which menopause is delayed and identify the potential mechanisms behind this association.Item Metadata only Back to the future: Antibody-based strategies for the treatment of infectious diseases(Humana Press, 2002-07) Akdiş, Cezmi; Oral, Haluk Barbaros; Özakın, C.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/İmmunoloji Anabilim Dalı/Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü.; 7004498001; 57200678942Before antibiotics, sera from immune animals and humans were used to treat a variety of infectious diseases, often with successful results. After the discovery of antimicrobial agents, serum therapy for bacterial infections was rapidly forsaken. In the last two decades, problems with treatment of newly emerged, re-emerged, or persistent infectious diseases necessitated researchers to develop new and/or improved antibody-based therapeutic approaches. This article reviews some information on the use of antibodies for the treatment of infectious diseases, with special reference to the most seminal discoveries and current advances as well as available treatment approaches in this field.Item Metadata only Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, stress and depression: A minireview(Pergamon-Elsevier Science, 2009-03-30) Ozan, Erol; Gönül, Ali Saffet; Kılıç, Ertuğrul; Yuluğ, Burak; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi.; O-8322-2016; 6507583384Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the nerve growth factor family, and is widely expressed in the adult mammalian brain. Besides its well known neuroprotective activity after traumatic brain injury the evidences regarding its activity dependent release by the pathophysiology of major depression are rapidly replicating. Considering the data that stress plays an important role by the development of depression which is characterized with prominent hippocampal cell death, as well as the well known neuroprotective effects of BDNF, we aimed to investigate the link between the BDNF, stress and depression. Thus we prepared a minireview in order to evaluate the neuroprotective role of BDNF by psychiatric disorders which are characterized with prominent neuronal cell death.Item Metadata only Bronchoalveolar lavage in drug-induced lung disease(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier, 2004-03) Costabel, Ulrich; Guzman, Josune; Uzaslan, Esra; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi.This article reviews some technical aspects of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), gives an overview on the use of BAL in the differential diagnosis of interstitial lung disease, and concludes with a detailed description of the BAL findings in drug-induced lung disease.Item Metadata only Candida infections in non-neutropenic children after the neonatal period(Taylor & Francis, 2011-10) Hacımustafaoğlu, Mustafa Kemal; Çelebi, Solmaz; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Pediatri ve Pediatri Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 6602154166; 7006095295There are a variety of diseases, from local mucous membrane infections to invasive systemic infections, that are caused by Candida species. As a causative agent, Candida albicans is the most common; however, the other Candida species can also cause the same clinical syndromes. Most invasive fungal infections in children occur in the hospital setting. Candidemia is a serious condition associated with high morbidity and mortality and increased healthcare costs in pediatric patients. Children at the highest risk are those with prolonged intensive care unit stays, reduced immune function, recent surgery, prior bacterial infection, prior use of antibiotics and/or corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents, as well as use of a central venous catheter, total parenteral nutrition, mechanical ventilation and dialysis. Positive blood culture is the gold standard of candidemia; it should not be accepted as contamination or colonization in children with an intravascular catheter. However, in oropharyngeal or vulvovaginal candidiasis, culture of lesions is rarely indicated unless the disease is recalcitrant or recurrent. Recovery of Candida from the sputum should usually be considered as colonization and should not be treated with antifungal therapy. Antigen and antibody detecting tests are evaluated in invasive Candida infections; however, there are no published results in children, and their roles in diagnosis are also unclear. For the therapy of invasive Candida infections in non-neutropenic patients, fluconazole or an echinocandin is usually recommended. Alternatively, amphotericin B deoxycholate or lipid formulations of amphotericin B can also be used. The recommended therapy of Candida meningitis is amphotericin B combined with flucytosine. The combination therapy for Candida infections is usually not indicated. Prophylaxis in non-neonatal, immunocompetent children is not recommended.Item Open Access Cardiac pauses in competitive athletes: A systematic review examining the basis of current practice recommendations(Oxford University Press, 2015-10-14) Puppala, Krishna; Krishnan, Balaji; Sakaguchi, Scott; Chen, Lin Y.; Karim, Rehan; Dickinson, Oana; Benditt, David G.; Şentürk, Tunay; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; C-1517-2017; 8342098300Aims It is generally recommended that individuals aspiring to competitive sports should undergo pre-participation cardiovascular assessment, particularly including arrhythmia risk evaluation. In regard to bradyarrhythmias, the 36th Bethesda Conference suggested that asymptomatic cardiac pauses <= 3 s are 'probably of no significance', whereas longer 'symptomatic' pauses may be abnormal. This study focused on assessing the evidence for the '3 s' threshold. Methods A systematic literature search was undertaken including Embase (1980-) and Ovid Medline (1950-). The following MeSH terms were used in the database searches: Cardiac. mp & pause. mp. Additionally, pertinent publications found by review of citation lists of identified publications were examined. Individuals with reversible causes of bradyarrhythmia (e.g. drugs) were excluded. Results The study population comprised 194 individuals with cardiac pauses of 1.35-30 s. In 120 athletes, specific records for pause durations were provided, but it was not always clear whether pauses occurred at rest. Among these 120 athletes, 106 had pauses <= 3 s, of whom 92 were asymptomatic and 14 were symptomatic. Fourteen athletes had pauses >3 s, of whom nine were asymptomatic and five were symptomatic. There were no deaths during follow-up (7.46 +/- 5.1 years). With respect to symptoms, the <= 3 s threshold had a low-positive predictive value (35.7%) and low sensitivity (26.3%), but good negative predictive value (86.7%) and specificity (91%). Conclusion While the evidence is not incontrovertible, the 3 s pause threshold does not adequately discriminate between potentially asymptomatic and symptomatic competitive athletes, and alone should not be used to exclude potential competitors.Item Open Access A case scenario study for the assessment of physician's behavior in the management of COPD: the WHY study(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2018) Kılınç, Oğuz; Konya, Aylin; Akgün, Metin; Sayıner, Abdullah; Uzaslan, Esra; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Göğüs Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; AAI-1004-2021; 8761653500Purpose: COPD diagnosis is mainly based on clinical judgment of physicians. Physicians do not also refer to COPD guidelines in their daily practice. This study aimed to assess attitudes of physicians regarding COPD diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up and to identify the factors influencing physicians' decisions in clinical practice. Patients and methods: Fifty physicians were selected from 12 EuroStat NUTS 2 regions and asked to assess seven fictitious case scenarios. The following five scenarios described patients with COPD: Case Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) A-smoker and Case GOLD A-nonsmoker were previously undiagnosed patients presenting with dyspnea, Case GOLD D-smoker and GOLD B-exsmoker were COPD patients presenting with exacerbation, Case GOLD B-smoker was a previously diagnosed COPD patient with dyspnea in stable phase, Case asthma-COPD overlap syndrome, and Case obesity hypoventilation syndrome. Patients' history, physical examination findings, pulmonary function tests, and X-ray images were prepared before the study by an experts' committee and provided to the physicians upon their request, until they reached a final decision. The physicians completed a questionnaire including information about their clinical practices and institutions. Results: According to the GOLD 2015 recommendations, of the physicians, 44% performed guideline-concordant diagnosis in the first five scenarios, who were all COPD patients, and 6% performed guideline-concordant diagnosis in all cases. There was a negative correlation between high workload and making a guideline-concordant diagnosis (P=0.038, rho =-0.417). Even when the physicians made a guideline-concordant diagnosis of COPD, only a minority (10%-22%) used the GOLD classification. Logistic regression analysis revealed that working in a tertiary health care center was a significant factor in favor of establishing a guidelineconcordant diagnosis of COPD (P=0.029, OR = 6.139 [95% CI: 1.20-31.32]). Conclusion: Management of COPD patients in Turkey does not generally follow the GOLD criteria but is rather based on physicians' clinical experience. Heavy workload appears to adversely affect the correctness of clinical decisions.Item Metadata only The changing role of radiology in imaging liver tumors: An overview(Elsevier Ireland, 1999) Savcı, Gürsel; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; AAH-5481-2021; 6603625971The surgical and the radiological advances in liver tumors in last two decades have made some malignant tumors operable which were considered inoperable and have completely changed the expectations from radiology. However, accurate staging, that is performed by imaging modalities, has critical importance in the selection of patients who can benefit from resection. Radiologists and referring physicians, therefore, should be aware of the current concepts in imaging liver tumors. This report updates both the changing role of radiology in hepatic neoplasms and the appropriate use of radiological modalities in liver tumors.Item Metadata only Checklist of the mites (Arachnida : Acari) of Turkey. Second supplement(Magnolia Press, 2007-07-26) Ayyıldız, Nusret; Doğan, Salih; Erman, Orhan; Özkan, Muhlis; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Eğitim Fakültesi.; 7103273174As a suplement to the lists of the mites fauna of Turkey compiled by Ozkan et al. ( 1988 and 1994), a faunistic list of mites ( Arachnida: Acari) from Turkey is presented based on published data. The species are arranged alphabetically within orders and for each entrance the origin of reference to the published record is provided. Among the 504 taxa, 134 belong to the Gamasida, 2 to the Ixodida, 291 to the Actinedida, 7 to the Acaridida and 70 to the Oribatida.Item Metadata only Classification of geothermal resources in Turkey by exergy analysis(Pergamon-Elsevier Science, 2007-09) Etemoğlu, Akın Burak; Can, Muhiddin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü.; 0000-0001-8022-1185; ABE-9423-2020; 8221881000; 7006114954The investigations have been directed to technology development in the usage of natural resources as a result of increase in the world energy demand associated with environmental factors. It has also sparked interest in the scientific community to take a closer look at the energy conversion devices and develop the new techniques to better utilise the existing limited sources. Geothermal resources have a great importance for the energy potential in Turkey. Exergy of a system is the capability of doing work and exergy values of geothermal resources are the strongest criterion for determining the system efficiency. In this study, geothermal resources in Turkey have been classified based on specific exergy rates (SER). The computed results of exergy analysis can be used as a tool for evaluating the characteristics of resources, and the optimum application area of geothermal resources can also be defined.Item Open Access Clinical course of hyperprolactinemia in children and adolescents: A review of 21 cases(Galenos Yayıncılık, 2011-06) Eren, Erdal; Yapıcı, Senay; Çakır, Esra Deniz Papatya; Ceylan, Latife Aytekin; Saǧlam, Halil; Tarım, Ömer Faruk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Pediatrik Endokrinoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Pediatri Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0003-0710-5422; 0000-0002-1684-1053; C-7392-2019; AAH-1155-2021; AAM-1734-2020; 36113153400; 44161566600; 37003613900; 40461059700; 35612700100; 6701427186Objective: Hyperprolactinemia may be due to various etiological factors and may present with different signs and symptoms. It is relatively less frequent in childhood than in adulthood. The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the clinical course and outcome of hyperprolactinemia in pediatric patients. Methods: We investigated the records of 21 patients with hyperprolactinemia who attended a tertiary hospital. Results: Menstrual problems, galactorrhea, and headache were the most common presenting symptoms. Hyperprolactinemia was due to microadenoma in 10, macroadenoma in 7, and was drug-induced in 4 patients. Bromocriptine and cabergoline were equally effective in lowering serum prolactin levels. Surgical treatment in children with macroprolactinoma was not curative and dopamine agonist therapy was required postoperatively. Conclusion: In the presence of any clinical symptom or sign suggestive of suppression of the pituitary-gonadal axis, hyperprolactinemia should not be forgotten as a probable diagnosis. Medical therapy seems effective in microadenoma. Surgical therapy may not be successful in macroadenoma and recurrence is frequent.