2020 Cilt 14 Sayı 42

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/20601

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Analysis by scanning electron microscopy of polyethylene terephthalate and nylon biodegradation abilities of Bacillus sp. strains isolated from soil
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-12-07) Demirkan, Elif; Güler, Baran Enes; Sevgi, Tuba; Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi; Biyoloji Bölümü
Plastic pollution, the aggregation of synthetic plastic products in the environment generates serious problems for wildlife, habitats and the human population. Plastic accumulates at ocean, creating areas called the seventh continent, a mass of plastic garbage. Plastic wastes are disposed of by recycling, burying and incineration. However, these also have disadvantages. They are developing bioplastics as new solutions to plastic problems. Other alternative solutions may be microorganisms. Compared to other conventional technologies, it is extremely inexpensive and efficient in terms of cost and simplicity because it is based on the capabilities of microorganisms. In this study, we have reported the degradation abilities of B. subtilis and B. cereus strains on polyethylene terephthalate (PET, water bottle) and nylon (plastic bag). In the nylon medium with Bacillus subtilis ET18 and Bacillus cereus ET30 was observed red pigment formation. All bacteria showed biofilm formation in the presence of nylon. The surface morphology changes of the PET and nylon were determined by light microscope and SEM. The bacteria used in this study were found to biodegrade nylon more easily than PET. The activities of lipase, protease and α-amylase were determined. Among the enzymes, lipase was detected in the presence of both PET and nylon.
Combined effect of two agrochemicals on Aporrectodea caliginosa in a semi-arid land
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-12-09) Bouazdia, Karim
Glyphosate and deltamethrin are used worldwide to control pests in agriculture. However, information about their toxic effects on soil fauna is still insufficient. Therefore, we focused on the individual and combined effects of these pesticides, in artificial soil tests on the earthworm species Aporrectodea caliginosa. Endpoints were behavior, mortality, growth inhibition and morphology. The insecticide had a significant effect on the behavior. The percentage of migrant earthworms to the control soils increased with the increase of concentrations reaching 75%. At the opposite, 76.19℅ of earthworms preferred glyphon-treated soils. The insecticide showed toxicity with dose-response relationship, which leaded to values of LC50-14days = 2215.71µg/kg and LC90-14days = 51869.24µg/kg. However, Glyphon caused negligible mortality of A.caliginosa. The growth rate was inhibited by the insecticide much more than the herbicide. However, the mixture had a repulsive effect, an antagonistic interaction on the mortality and no effect on the growth rate of A.caliginosa. The insecticide altered morphology of exposed earthworms to different concentrations. Symptoms of this alteration ranged from color change of the tegument to lysis of the body wall. While, A.caliginosa treated with Glyphon and mixture showed intact bodies. Our data show that Glyphosate and Deltamethrin could be used safely if recommended doses are respected.
Genetic characterization of edible fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes grown in Siirt region based on trnL-F region
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-12-10) Özdemir, Bahar; Altıntaş, Serdar; Özrenk, Koray; Çelik, Ferit
In this study, molecular characterization of fig genotypes grown in Siirt province was provided based on the trnL-F region. Phylogenetic trees created using NJ and UPGMA methods formed a total of 10 groups for both regions. The genotypes 10, 16, 5 and 4 from the same location were successfully separated from others, while genotype 13 of the same location were grouped in a different cluster. When the phylogenetic trees are examined, the groups differ from each other. In conclusion, genotypes with diversity should be studied in depth with further evaluations.
Mycorrhizal colonization rate of some crops grown in Kano, Nigeria
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-10-06) Manga, Bala Zayyanu; Rabiu, Safianu
This research looked into the fungal richness of some crops grown in Kano, with objectives that included colonization level of the fungi and soil parameters. All data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software. All the crops show significant levels of colonization with Groundnut having the highest colonization (37%) at the pre-flowering stage and the least colonization was observed at the flowering stage of Millet (12.6%) followed by the flowering stage of Groundnut (21.2%). Soil physicochemical properties were more favourable for Cowpea and foliar concentration higher for Groundnut plant. The correlation between root length colonization percentage and soil parameters was calculated by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient r, and correlation was moderate with temperature and pH (-0.396 and 0.301 respectively), and low with other parameters.
Zinc as a micronutrient it’s foliar and soil application effect on seed yield and quality of jute seed
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-12-09) Karim, Md. Meftahul; Alim, Md. Abdul; Ferdush, Jannatul
Present study was undertaken to determine the optimum level of zinc fertilizer for yield and quality of jute seed. There were eleven fertilizer levels (T1: 0 kg ha-1 Zn, T2: 04 kg ha-1 Zn as basal, T3: kg ha-1 Zn as basal, T4: kg ha-1 Zn as basal, T5: kg ha-1 Zn as basal, T6: 12 kg ha-1 Zn as basal, T7: kg ha-1 Zn- half as basal and half as foliar in two split, T8: 06 kg ha-1 Zn- half as basal and half as foliar in two split, T9: 08 kg ha-1 Zn- half as basal and half as foliar in two split, T10: 10 kg ha-1 Zn- half as basal and half as foliar in two split, T11: 12 kg ha-1 Zn- half as basal and half as foliar in two split. Plant population/m2 (26.83), branches plant-1 (3.43) and 1,000 seed weight (2.67g) was maximum in T6. Capsule plant-1 (11.67), capsule length (67.89 mm), seed yield (0.84 ton ha-1 ) and BCR (1.80) were maximum in T9. Maximum germination (92.67) and field emergence percentage (86.33) were recorded in T10 and seed vigour (36.41%) in T8. Application of zinc as basal and foliar ensures better seed yield and quality.

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