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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/20668

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Altered oxytocinergic hypothalamus systems in sepsis
(Elsevier, 2013-09) Schäfer, Hans Hendrik; Jirikowski, Gustave Friedrich; Sendemir, Erdogan; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Bölümü; 0000-0001-9699-4342; AAA-9892-2021; AAG-7125-2021; 6506197826; 8450193200
Sepsis is known to affect neuroendocrine circuits: injections of lipopolysaccaride are potent stimulators of oxytocin secretion from the posterior lobe, acute sepsis leads to uterus contractions and spontaneous abort. Here, we report changes in expression and distribution of hypothalamic oxytocin in rats that had been subjected to caecal ligation and puncture which led to acute sepsis. Septic animals showed loss of oxytocin immunostaining in perikarya of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and an increase of oxytocin positive fibres, suggesting a shift of oxytocin pools into the axonal compartment. Immunostaining of the posterior lobe revealed reduction of oxytocin in septic rats. Magnocellular neurons in supraoptic- and to a lesser extent in paraventricular nuclei showed nuclear immunoreactivity for the protooncogene c-Fos, indicating stimulation of transcriptional activity upon sepsis. Contrary to magnocellular oxytocin immunoreactivity, we observed increased oxytocin immunoreactivity in cell bodies and processes of periventricular nucleus and in perivascular neurons. Oxytocin neurons in other regions of the hypothalamus and the preoptic region did not appear to be affected by acute sepsis. Our findings suggest a differential activation of neurohypophyseal and cerebrospinal fluid contacting oxytocin systems while centrally projecting oxytocin neurons may not be affected. Systemic oxytocin levels may serve as additional diagnostic marker for sepsis.
Changing caveolin-1 and oxytocin receptor distribution in the ageing human prostate
(Wiley, 2007-10) Herbert, Zsofia; Boetticher, Gregor; Aschoff, Anna Teresa; Zermann, Dirk Henrik; Arnold, R.; Mall, G. M.; Jirikowski, Gustav F.; Şendemir, Erdoğan; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Bölümü; 0000-0001-9699-4342; AAA-9892-2021; 2-s2.0-34548535909
Several observations suggest that caveolin-1 has an important role in control of cell proliferation and cancerogenesis. For instance, oxytocin provokes a proliferative response in the prostate tissue when the oxytocin receptor is localized mainly in caveolin-1-enriched domains and an anti-proliferative effect when the same receptor is not localized in caveolae. Moreover, oxytocin concentrations are elevated in prostate tissue of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In this study the expression pattern of the molecules caveolin-1, oxytocin receptor, androgen receptor and p21 (cell cycle arrest indicator) was investigated in the prostate tissue of BPH patients and of young controls.We found that both caveolin-1 and oxytocin receptor expression is drastically increased with age in both smooth muscle and epithelium of the prostate. We also found a significantly increased co-localization of the oxytocin receptor with caveolin-1 in both the muscle and the epithelium, especially in BPH patients. Androgen receptor and p21 staining was found throughout the prostate but did not change significantly with age or in BPH patients. We conclude that oxytocin may have a proliferative effect on the prostate tissue through the caveolae-associated receptors and thus contribute to BPH. This process seems to be androgen receptor independent.
Morphometric characteristics and typology of the coronoid process of the mandible
(Carbone Editore, 2013) Bakırcı, Sinan; Arı, İlknur; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Bölümü; AAG-7125-2021; 8450193100; 8450193200
We aimed to investigate morphological types of the coronoid process, the angle between coronoid process and condylar process and the area of the coronoid processes of mandibles from two different time periods (Contemporary and Byzantine). We found that 60% and 64.2% of all coronoid processes were hook shaped, 20% and 21.4% were triangular shaped and 20% and 14.28% were rounded shaped at right and left sides respectively in contemporary period group; while in Byzantine group, 66.6% and 61.4% of all coronoid processes were hook shaped, 17.9% and 13.6% were triangular shaped and 15.4% and 25% were rounded shaped at right and left sides respectively. Bilateralism has been found in 74.2% (65.2% hook, 13% round, 21.8% triangular) in contemporary period group and 21.2% (64.3% hook, 14.3% round, 21.4% triangular) in Byzantine period group. Mean areas of the coronoid processes were 1.94 +/- 0.5 cm2 and 2.21 +/- 0.4 cm2 at right and left sides respectively in contemporary period group and 2.00 +/- 1.0 cm2 and 2.22 +/- 0.6 cm2 on right and left sides respectively in Byzantine period group. The means of the angle between two processes were 99.1 +/- 10.5 degrees and 94.9 +/- 7.6 degrees for contemporary group and 101.01 +/- 9.2 degrees and 98.9 +/- 8.5 degrees for Byzantine group at right and left sides respectively. We found that the types of the coronoid processes showed laterality for both groups and there was significant difference between areas of left and right sides of the coronoid processes of contemporary group (p<0.05). These comparisons and population specific results may be beneficial for anthropologists, forensic scientists and also for reconstructive surgeons.
The peri-microvascular edema in hippocampal CA1 area in a rat model of sepsis
(Wiley, 2007-07) Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Arı, İlknur; Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Bölümü; 0000-0003-3368-8123; AAG-7125-2021; AAR-4341-2020; 8450193200; 8450193100; 35603735000
Encephalopathy is a common complication of sepsis. However, little is known about the morphological changes that occur in the brain during sepsis. In this study, fecal peritonitis was induced in Wistar rats, which had been monitored for 4 h before their brains were removed and samples from the CA1 area taken. In addition to higher blood pressure with a decreasing pattern and a significant drop in rectal temperature, an increased heart rate and marked respiratory failure were observed. The tissue was investigated and compared with corresponding hippocampal samples taken from sham-operated and not operated control groups. Significantly more peri-microvascular edema was found in the hippocampal CA1 area in the septic group. The percentages of the peri-microvascular edema were 158.57 +/- 3.6%, 122.84 +/- 1.5% and 120.24 +/- 1.9% in the fecal peritonitis group, sham-operated and not operated control groups, respectively. The results may suggest that the edema observed around the microvessels may participate in the pathogenesis of the septic encephalopathy probably by causing in the microvascular permeability characteristics.
Prevalence of dental caries and tooth wear in a Byzantine population (13th C. AD) from northwest Turkey
(Pergamon Elsevier Science, 2007-12) Çağlar, Eser; Sandallı, Nükhet; Kuşçu, Özgür Önder; Arı, İlknur; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Bölümü; 8450193100
Dental caries and wear are important conditions to record in archaeological collections. Reconstruction of the life of ancient peoples can be accomplished by studying their dental remains. The aim of the present paper was to determine the frequency, distribution, and characteristics of dental caries, dental wear and related diet in the mediaeval Byzantine population of Iznik in northwest Turkey. The analysed sample consisted of the dental remains of 56 individuals with the total of 280 teeth. The majority(261 or 93.2%) of the teeth belonged to the permanent dentition. The frequency of antemortem tooth loss in the sample was 6.5% and the frequency of caries was 6.8%. The most frequent recorded caries were mesial (3.3%), followed by buccal (3%). The frequency of dental wear was rather high (84.2%) exhibiting presence of dentin clusters mostly. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis of caries attrition competition based on the assumption that a beneficial effect of tooth wear is to avoid development of caries. High wear in the archaeological population can be linked to the fact that the cumulative effects of attrition as a result of the Byzantine diet.
Statistical shape analysis of differences in the shape of the corpus callosum between genders
(Wiley, 2007-07) Sevinç, Özdemir; Barut, Çağatay; Özdemir, Senem Turan; Ercan, İlker; Güney, İbrahim; Ocakoğlu, Gökhan; Aslan, Elif; Tıp Fakültesi; Matematik Bölümü; 0000-0001-8290-6532; 0000-0002-2382-290X; 0000-0003-0176-4961; AAA-8734-2021; AAH-5180-2021; ABF-8301-2020; 18038353400; 6603789069; 36912189400; 15832295800; 18036895500
Sexual dimorphic characteristics, which play an important role in human evolution studies and biological research, can be studied morphologically and metrically. Geometric morphometrics allows a better assessment of morphological characteristics. Statistical shape analysis has a long history in neuroanatomical and other research. The aim of this study was to identify shape differences of the corpus callosum between genders. Landmark coordinate data were collected from two-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging scans of 93 homogeneously aged patients, 45 men and 48 women. These data were analyzed using Euclidean distance matrix analysis and thin plate spline analysis. The general shape variability of the corpus callosum of men was greater than that of women (men, 0.134; women, 0.097). We found no significant difference between sexes in the general shape of the corpus callosum, but we did find significant differences in the distances between some landmarks. Deformation of the corpus callosum between men to women was mainly detected in the posterior of the corpus callosum. These results serve as a reference for future studies on shape alterations of the corpus callosum associated with certain conditions.
A study on the morphological structure of syrinx in ostriches (Struthio camelus)
(Wiley, 2003-06) Yıldız, Hüseyin; Bahadır, Ali; Akkoç, Ahmet; Veteriner Fakültesi; Anatomi Bölümü; AAA-1366-2021; AAH-4187-2021; 35605229000; 6701783649; 55584229300
The aim of this study was to investigate the topographical, anatomical and histological characteristics of syrinx in five ostriches. It was observed that the syrinx in the ostrich was tracheobronchial type and was composed of three different cartilage groups, namely tympanum, cartilagines (cartt.) tracheosyringeales and cartt. bronchosyringeales. Tympanum and cartt. tracheosyringeales were formed from three and four cartilage rings, respectively, while cartt. bronchosyringeales was formed from three C-shaped cartilage rings. The pessulus did not contain any ossified or cartilaginous tissues and was made up of a double folded mucous membrane extending dorsoventrally from median walls of bronchus primarius into the cavum syringis.

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