Domates, biber ve patlıcanlarda farklı ambalaj tiplerinin ürünlerinin taşınması ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri
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Date
1995-03-28
Authors
Özdemir, Z. Nur
Journal Title
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Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma 1993 yılında Yalova-Atatürk Bahçe kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Hasat Sonrası Fizyolojisi Bölümünde yürütülmüştür. Ülkemizin üretiminde ve ihracatında büyük bir yeri olan ve İznik yöresinde çok yetiştirilen domates (İznik yerli), biber (domates biberi) ve patlıcan (Kemer)'m farklı ambalaj tiplerinde (tahta kasa, tek dalgalı mukavva kutu ve cifi dalgalı mukavva kutu) yapay koşullarda taşınmasının ürün kalitesi üzerine olan etkileri saptanmıştır. Çalışma süresince farklı ürünlerin, farklı ambalaj tiplerinde taşımadan sonra ve taşıma sonrasında raf ömrü sırasında meydana gelen kalite kayıplan ve en uygun ambalaj tipi saptanmıştır. Buna göre; 1. Domateste en iyi sonuç çift dalgalı mukavva kutuda iki sıralı olarak taşımada alınmıştır. Biberde ise çift dalgalı mukavva kutu ve tahta kasada iyi sonuç alınmış, ancak albeni bakımından mukavva kutu tavsiye edilmiştir. Patlıcanda ise tek dalgalı mukavva kutudan görünüşte iyi sonuçlar alınırken ekonomik yönden çift dalgalı mukavva kutu tavsiye edilmiştir. 2. Ambalaj tipleri farklı ürünlerde farklı zararlar meydana getirmiştir. En fazla zararlanmayı tahta kasa göstermiştir. Bunun nedenide ambalaj materyalinin çarpma titreşim ve düşmeden kaynaklanan basınç kuvvetlerini ürüne direkt ve aynı oranda iletmesidir. Oluklu kutularda ise bu kuvvetlerin oluklarda absorbe edilmesi ve biraz daha az olarak ürüne iletilmesi sözkonusudur. 3. Ambalaj tipleri içinde taşımaya en dayanıklı ambalaj çift dalgalı mukavva kutu olmuştur. Tek dalgalı mukavva kutuların üst üste yığılması sırasında ayak yerlerinde ezilmeler görülmüştür. Tahta kasada ise zararlanma ayak yerlerinden kırılma ve dikiş yerlerinden ayrılma olarak gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca tahta kasada taşman ürünlerde tahta parçacıkları ve kıymıklara rastlanmıştır. Tahta kasadaki ürünlerde yarılmalar söz konusuyken, oluklu kutularda ezilmeler ve şekil değişiklikleri daha fazla olmuştur.
This study was carried out at the postharvest physiology section of Yalova Atatürk Horticultural Research Institute in 1993. The effects of transport under artifıcial conditions using different package types (wooden box, double-corruguated cardboard box, single-corrug ated cardboard box) on the product quali.ty in tomato (İznik native), pepper (tomato-shaped pepper) and aubergine (Kemer), having an important place in the production and export of our country and grown widely in İznik vicinity, were determined. The results can be summarized as follows; 1. The best result in tomato was obtained from double-row transport in double-corruguated cardboard box, whereas in pepper both double-corrugated cardboard box and wooden box gave good results however card board box was recommended with respect to attractiveness. With aubergine, apparently good results were obtained from single corrugated cardboard, box while double-corrugated one is recommended by economicial respect. 2. The package types caused different damages in different products. The most severe damage was caused by wooden box. This is due to the direct transmission of damages originated from impact, vibration and falling to the product by the packing material, where as in corrugated boxes these forces are absorbed by corrugations and the transmission to the product was reduced. 3. The package most resistant to the transport was found as double corrugated cardboard box. Torsion was observed at the bottom corners of single-corrugated cardboard boxes during stacking. The damage in wooden box was noted as breaking by the comer and seperation by the stitched parts. Moreover, wood chips were found on the products shipped in wooden boxes. The products in wooden boxes exhibited splitting, whereas bruising and deformation of products were more frequent in corrugated boxes.
This study was carried out at the postharvest physiology section of Yalova Atatürk Horticultural Research Institute in 1993. The effects of transport under artifıcial conditions using different package types (wooden box, double-corruguated cardboard box, single-corrug ated cardboard box) on the product quali.ty in tomato (İznik native), pepper (tomato-shaped pepper) and aubergine (Kemer), having an important place in the production and export of our country and grown widely in İznik vicinity, were determined. The results can be summarized as follows; 1. The best result in tomato was obtained from double-row transport in double-corruguated cardboard box, whereas in pepper both double-corrugated cardboard box and wooden box gave good results however card board box was recommended with respect to attractiveness. With aubergine, apparently good results were obtained from single corrugated cardboard, box while double-corrugated one is recommended by economicial respect. 2. The package types caused different damages in different products. The most severe damage was caused by wooden box. This is due to the direct transmission of damages originated from impact, vibration and falling to the product by the packing material, where as in corrugated boxes these forces are absorbed by corrugations and the transmission to the product was reduced. 3. The package most resistant to the transport was found as double corrugated cardboard box. Torsion was observed at the bottom corners of single-corrugated cardboard boxes during stacking. The damage in wooden box was noted as breaking by the comer and seperation by the stitched parts. Moreover, wood chips were found on the products shipped in wooden boxes. The products in wooden boxes exhibited splitting, whereas bruising and deformation of products were more frequent in corrugated boxes.
Description
Keywords
Ambalajlama, Packaging, Bahçe bitkileri, Horticultural crops, Biber, Pepper, Domates, Tomato, Patlıcan, Eggplant
Citation
Özdemir, Z. N. (1995). Domates, biber ve patlıcanlarda farklı ambalaj tiplerinin ürünlerinin taşınması ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.