Yabancı orijinli kestane genotiplerinin Bursa koşullarında morfolojik ve biyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
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Date
2019-09-11
Authors
Uğur, Beyami
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Bursa ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen ‘Amy’ (Castanea mollissima) çeşidine ait 5 genotip (‘A-1’, ‘A-2’, ‘A-3’, ‘A-4’, ‘A-5’) ve hibrit olan ‘Sleeping Giant’ (C. mollissima x (C. crenata x C. dentata)) çeşidine ait 9 genotip (‘SG-1’, ‘SG-2’, ‘SG-3’, ‘SG-4’, ‘SG-5’, ‘SG-6’, ‘SG-7’, ‘SG-8’, ‘SG-9’) olmak üzere toplam 14 adet genotipte çalışılmıştır. Yaprak, meyve ve erkek çiçeklerde olmak üzere toplam 37 özellik yönünden değerlendirme yapılmış ve böylelikle genotipler arasındaki farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur. Tüm genotiplerin erkek çiçekleri uzun stamenli ve tozlayıcılık niteliğine sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Genotipler arasında yaprak ve meyvelerde yapılan ölçümlerin istatistiki anlamda önemli olduğu bulunmuştur. Ortalama yaprak boy değerlerinin 15,95 cm ile 21,57 cm, en değerlerinin 6,07 cm ile 8,51 cm arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. ‘Sleeping Giant’ çeşidine ait genotiplerin yaprak boyutları ‘Amy’ çeşidine ait genotiplerden daha büyük olduğu saptanmıştır. Genotiplerin yaprak sapı uzunluğu, kalınlığı, damar sayısı ve damar aralığı, diş uzunluğu, genişliği ve diş sayısı belirlenmiştir. Yaprak sapı kalınlığı, yaprak damar aralığının ‘Sleeping Giant’ çeşidine ait genotiplerde, yaprak sapı uzunluğu, yaprak damar sayısı değerlerinin ‘Amy’ çeşidine ii ait genotiplerde daha büyük olduğu saptanmıştır. Genotiplerin ortalama meyve eni 27,71-34,89 mm, meyve boyu 24,00-30,89 mm, meyve yüksekliği 17,86-21,56 mm arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. ‘SG-9’, ‘SG-7’ genotipleri dışında diğer genotiplerin 11 g ve üzeri meyve ağırlığına sahip olduğu ve en iri ve en küçük meyvelere sahip olan genotiplerin ‘Sleeping Giant’ çeşidine ait genotipler arasında yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Hem yaprak hem de meyve boyutları bakımından en yüksek değerler ‘SG-5’, ‘SG-4’ çeşitlerinde saptanmıştır. Ayrıca genotipler hastalık ve zararlılar yönünden değerlendirilmiş, tüm genotiplerde kestane kanseri, mürekkep hastalığı belirtileri görülmemiş fakat kestane gal arısı zararlısının sebep olduğu gal oluşumları saptanmıştır.
In this study, 5 genotypes ('A-1', 'A-2', 'A-3', 'A-4', 'A-5' and hybrid of 'Amy' (Castanea mollissima) cultivars grown in Bursa ecological conditions 9 genotypes ('SG-1', 'SG-2', 'SG-3', 'SG-4' ',' Sleeping Giant '(C. mollissima x (C. crenata x C. dentata)) SG-5 ',' SG-6 ',' SG-7 ',' SG-8 ',' SG-9 '). Leaf, fruit and male flowers were evaluated in terms of a total of 37 features and thus the differences between the genotypes were revealed. Male genotypes of all genotypes were long stamen and pollinated. Among the genotypes, measurements of leaves and fruits were found to be statistically significant. It was determined that average leaf length values ranged from 15.95 cm to 21.57 cm and width values ranged from 6.07 cm to 8.51 cm. The leaf sizes of genotypes of ‘Sleeping Giant’ were larger than genotypes of ‘Amy’. Leaf stem length, thickness, vessel number and vessel spacing, tooth length, width and number of teeth were determined. Leaf stem thickness, leaf vein spacing was found to be higher in genotypes of ‘Sleeping Giant, type, leaf stem length, leaf vein number was higher in genotypes of‘ Amy ’type. The average fruit width of the genotypes was found to be between 27.71-34.89 mm, fruit length 24.00-30.89 mm, fruit height 17.86-21.56 mm. Apart from ‘SG-9’ and ‘SG-7’ genotypes, it was determined that other genotypes had fruit weight of 11 g and above and genotypes having the largest and smallest fruits were among the genotypes of ait iv Sleeping Giant ’. The highest values in terms of both leaf and fruit sizes were found in ‘SG-5’ and ‘SG-4’ varieties. In addition, genotypes were evaluated in terms of diseases and pests. Chest genotypes and ink disease symptoms were not observed in all genotypes but gal formation caused by chestnut gal bee pest was detected.
In this study, 5 genotypes ('A-1', 'A-2', 'A-3', 'A-4', 'A-5' and hybrid of 'Amy' (Castanea mollissima) cultivars grown in Bursa ecological conditions 9 genotypes ('SG-1', 'SG-2', 'SG-3', 'SG-4' ',' Sleeping Giant '(C. mollissima x (C. crenata x C. dentata)) SG-5 ',' SG-6 ',' SG-7 ',' SG-8 ',' SG-9 '). Leaf, fruit and male flowers were evaluated in terms of a total of 37 features and thus the differences between the genotypes were revealed. Male genotypes of all genotypes were long stamen and pollinated. Among the genotypes, measurements of leaves and fruits were found to be statistically significant. It was determined that average leaf length values ranged from 15.95 cm to 21.57 cm and width values ranged from 6.07 cm to 8.51 cm. The leaf sizes of genotypes of ‘Sleeping Giant’ were larger than genotypes of ‘Amy’. Leaf stem length, thickness, vessel number and vessel spacing, tooth length, width and number of teeth were determined. Leaf stem thickness, leaf vein spacing was found to be higher in genotypes of ‘Sleeping Giant, type, leaf stem length, leaf vein number was higher in genotypes of‘ Amy ’type. The average fruit width of the genotypes was found to be between 27.71-34.89 mm, fruit length 24.00-30.89 mm, fruit height 17.86-21.56 mm. Apart from ‘SG-9’ and ‘SG-7’ genotypes, it was determined that other genotypes had fruit weight of 11 g and above and genotypes having the largest and smallest fruits were among the genotypes of ait iv Sleeping Giant ’. The highest values in terms of both leaf and fruit sizes were found in ‘SG-5’ and ‘SG-4’ varieties. In addition, genotypes were evaluated in terms of diseases and pests. Chest genotypes and ink disease symptoms were not observed in all genotypes but gal formation caused by chestnut gal bee pest was detected.
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Keywords
Çin kestanesi, Chinese chestnut, Biyolojik özellikler, Morfolojik özellikler, Türler arası melez, Biological characterictics, Morpholgy characterictics, Interspecific hybrid
Citation
Uğur, B. (2019). Yabancı orijinli kestane genotiplerinin bursa koşullarında morfolojik ve biyolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.