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ESEN, FATMA

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ESEN

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FATMA

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    Publication
    Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in honeybees and bee products and their evaluation with ambient air concentrations
    (Elsevier, 2021-01-01) Sarı, Mehmet Ferhat; Esen, Fatma; Taşdemir, Yücel; Sarı, Mehmet Ferhat; ESEN, FATMA; TAŞDEMİR, YÜCEL; 0000-0001-7114-7286; AAG-8469-2021; AAG-9468-2021; AAK-1254-2020
    Both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of pollutants can be achieved by biomonitoring, enabling the determination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with a natural substance. Similarly, passive air samplers (PASs) are among the commonly used methods for the determination of atmospheric POPs. However, in the literature, there are few studies in which both methods (Biomonitoring and PASs) are evaluated together. This study aims to determine the relationship between concentration values and sources of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) measured by PASs and biomarkers (honeybee, honey, and pollen). The total concentrations of 50 PCB congeners (Sigma(50)PCBs) in PASs (n = 10) were 2259.63 +/- 647.18 pg m(3) for the urban area and 2685.65 +/- 708.45 pg m(3) for the semi-urban area. Sigma(50)PCBs in the honeybee (n = 10), honey (n = 7), and pollen (n = 10) samples were 114.44 +/- 20.36, 104.89 +/- 31.48 and 65.89 +/- 13.54 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw) for the urban sampling area, respectively, and 119.41 +/- 45.13, 112.75 +/- 21.57 and 46.52 +/- 8.85 ng g(-1) dw for the semi-urban sampling area, respectively. Similar homologous group distributions between biomarkers and PASs were obtained. The plant/air partitioning coefficient (K-PA) was used to determine the exchange between pollen samples and PASs. The results indicated that high-molecular-weight PCBs moved from air to pollen media (deposition) and low-molecular -weight PCB congeners passed from pollen media to air (volatilization) in both sampling areas.
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    Publication
    Effect of COVID-19 on PM₁₀ and SO₂ concentrations in Turkey
    (Taylor & Francis, 2021-05-05) Sarı, Mehmet Ferhat; Esen, Fatma; Sari, Mehmet Ferhat; ESEN, FATMA; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü.; 0000-0001-7114-7286; 0000-0002-1445-0868; AAG-8469-2021; AAK-1254-2020
    The first COVID-19 case in Turkey was reported by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey on March 10 2020. From this date, some restrictions were introduced by the Government of the Republic of Turkey in many cities. At first, due to the increasing number of cases, curfews were declared in 31 cities between 11-12 April 2020. Later, curfews continued to be applied every weekend and on public holidays. Both human and industrial activities came to a halt with these restrictions. In general, it was considered more meaningful to determine how much curfews could reduce air pollution, since curfews were not implemented on weekdays. The aim of this study is to determine by how much PM₁₀ and SO₂ concentrations decrease with restrictions in Turkey. In this context, data of 61 air quality measurement stations in 31 cities with restrictions were used. The data obtained were compared with the concentration values on the same date in 2019. Mean PM₁₀ concentration levels decreased by 38.69% (ranging from 20.67% to 52.51%) and mean SO₂ concentration levels decreased by 33.86% (ranging from 3.66% to 52.41%) compared to 2019. Also, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between temperature, wind speed, precipitation and pollutant concentrations in provinces where curfews exist. From this, it was concluded that curfews were more effective than temperature and wind speed to reduce pollutant concentrations. In addition, according to the correlation results obtained between precipitation and pollutant concentrations, it was concluded that wet precipitation is more effective in 2020. The coefficient of divergence (COD) method was used to determine the differences between pollutant sources in 2019 and 2020. According to the results obtained, there were differences in PM₁₀ and SO₂ sources between 2019 and 2020 and serious reductions in current air pollution were observed. This study confirmed the effect of restriction of both human and industrial activities on air pollution, and it may be of use for understanding better which activities must be controlled or improved to reduce the impact on the environment.
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    Publication
    Bursa’daki iç ve dış ortam havasında organoklorlu pestisitler (OCP’ler): Konsantrasyon dağılımları, muhtemel kaynakları ve sağlık riskleri
    (Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2023-10-09) ESEN, FATMA; Esen, Fatma; Sari, Mehmet Ferhat; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü; 0000-0001-7114-7286; 0000-0002-1445-0868; 0000-0003-1963-513X
    Organoklorlu pestisitler (OCP’ler) fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklere göre tüm çevrede bulunan ve dünyada en yaygın olarak kullanılan kimyasalların başında gelmektedir. Yaklaşık 40 yıldır kullanımları yasak olmasına rağmen hem kararlılıklarından hem de kaçak kullanımlarından dolayı günümüzde hala insan sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Bursa sınırları içerinde yer alan 15 iç ve 6 dış ortam havasında OCP konsantrasyonlarının seviyeleri, muhtemel kaynakları ve soluma yoluyla oluşabilecek kanser riski hesabı değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam 10 OCP bileşiğinin iç ortam havasındaki konsantrasyon değerlerinin 467,8±94,9 pg/m³, dış ortam havasındaki konsantrasyon değerlerinin ise 419,3±137,1 pg/m³ olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örnekleme noktalarındaki binaların yaşının yanı sıra dış ortam havasında da tarımsal alanların varlığı ve yakınlığı iç ortam OCP konsantrasyonlarının dağılımlarında önemli rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir. Muhtemel kaynakların değerlendirilmesinde izomer oranlarından yararlanılmıştır. Bu izomer oranlarına göre, Bursa’da OCP’lerin esas kaynaklarını lindanların oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca yine aynı oranlara göre günümüzde hala Bursa’da pestisit kullanıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Son olarak hem iç hem de dış ortam havasının solunması yoluyla oluşabilecek kanser riskleri artan yaşam boyu kanser riski (ILCR) yöntemine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen hesaplamalara göre, Bursa’da hem iç hem de dış ortamda OCP’lerin solunması yoluyla oluşabilecek herhangi bir kanser riski tespit edilmemiştir.