Tunceli ballarının coğrafi işaret çalışması
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Date
2021-04-07
Authors
Özkök, Aslı
Çelemli, Ömür Gençay
Zare, Golshan
Özenirler, Çiğdem
Mayda, Nazlı
Sorkun, Kadriye
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Yapılan çalışmada, Tunceli ilinden toplanan ballarda melissopalinojik ve kimyasal analizler ile Tunceli ballarının karakterizasyonu çıkartılmış olup bölgenin coğrafik işaret çalışmasına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşaması olan melissopalinolojik analizler kapsamında, yöre ballarının bitkisel kaynağı olabilecek 31 familyaya ait 80 takson tespit edilmiştir. Analiz edilen 32 balın 7 tanesinin monofloral (bir adet; Berberis crataegina- T13, bir adet Hypericum scabrum- T14, beş adet Paracaryum cristatum balı-T18,21,24,27,28), diğerlerinin ise multifloral olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kimyasal analizin bir aşaması olan, balda früktoz ve glikoz değerlerinin tesbiti analizi, Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografisi (HPLC) cihazı ile gerçekleştirilmiş olup; früktoz değerlerinin 25,97-43,44 g/100g aralığında (ortalama: 32,28±3,32 g/100g), glikoz değerlerinin; 21,84-45,6 g/100g aralığında (ortalama: 33,04±5,22 g/100g) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Früktoz/Glikoz oranının ise 0,83-1,13 aralığında olup ortalama değerin 0,97±0,07 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kimyasal analizler kapsamında UV-Vis Spektometre cihazı ile tespit edilen toplam fenolik madde miktarları 98,96±0,02 mgGAE/kg 330,96±0,02 mgGAE/kg (ortalama 143,46±0,21 mgGAE/kg) değerleri aralığında bulunmuştur. Tunceli ili ballarının, uçucu bileşenlerinin tayini Gaz Kromatografisi-Kütle Spektrometresi (GC-MS) cihazı ile gerçekleştirilmiş olup yapılan analiz sonucunda ballarda; aldehidler, alifatik asit ve esterleri, alkoller, hidrokarbonlar, karboksilik asit ve esterleri, ketonlar, terpenler, yağ asidi ve esterleri bileşik gruplarına ait bileşikler tespit edilmiştir. Bu gruplardan karboksilik asit ve esterleri ile yağ asidi ve esterleri gruplarına ait bileşiklere yüksek oranlarda rastlanılmıştır.
In this study, characterization of Tunceli honeys was made by melissopalynogical and chemical analyzes in honey collected from Tunceli province and contribution was aimed to the geographical indication study of the region. Within the scope of the melissopalynological analysis, which is the first stage of the study, 80 taxa belonging to 31 families that can be the plant source of the local honeys were determined. Seven of the 32 honeys analyzed were monofloral (one; Berberis crataegina-T13, one Hypericum scabrum-T14, five Paracaryum cristatum honey-T18,21,24,27,28), and the others were multifloral. The analysis of determination of fructose and glucose values in honey, which is a step of chemical analysis, was carried out with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) device. It was found that fructose values in the range of 25.97-43.44 g / 100g (average: 32.28 ± 3.32 g / 100g) and glucose values in the range of 21.84-45.6 g / 100g (average: 33.04 ± 5.22 g / 100g). Fructose / Glucose ratio was determined between 0.83-1.13 and the average value was found 0.97 ± 0.07. Within the scope of chemical analyzes, the total phenolic substance amounts were detected by the UV-Vis Spectometer. It has been found in the range values were 98.96 ± 0.02 mgGAE / kg - 330.96 ± 0.02 mgGAE / kg (average 143.46 ± 0.21 mgGAE / kg). The determination of the volatile components of Tunceli province honeys was carried out by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) device and as a result of the analysis; compounds belonging to the compound groups of aldehydes, aliphatic acid and esters, alcohols, hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids and esters, ketones, terpenes, fatty acids and esters have been identified. Among these groups, compounds belonging to the groups of carboxylic acids and esters, fatty acids and esters have been found in high rates.
In this study, characterization of Tunceli honeys was made by melissopalynogical and chemical analyzes in honey collected from Tunceli province and contribution was aimed to the geographical indication study of the region. Within the scope of the melissopalynological analysis, which is the first stage of the study, 80 taxa belonging to 31 families that can be the plant source of the local honeys were determined. Seven of the 32 honeys analyzed were monofloral (one; Berberis crataegina-T13, one Hypericum scabrum-T14, five Paracaryum cristatum honey-T18,21,24,27,28), and the others were multifloral. The analysis of determination of fructose and glucose values in honey, which is a step of chemical analysis, was carried out with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) device. It was found that fructose values in the range of 25.97-43.44 g / 100g (average: 32.28 ± 3.32 g / 100g) and glucose values in the range of 21.84-45.6 g / 100g (average: 33.04 ± 5.22 g / 100g). Fructose / Glucose ratio was determined between 0.83-1.13 and the average value was found 0.97 ± 0.07. Within the scope of chemical analyzes, the total phenolic substance amounts were detected by the UV-Vis Spectometer. It has been found in the range values were 98.96 ± 0.02 mgGAE / kg - 330.96 ± 0.02 mgGAE / kg (average 143.46 ± 0.21 mgGAE / kg). The determination of the volatile components of Tunceli province honeys was carried out by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) device and as a result of the analysis; compounds belonging to the compound groups of aldehydes, aliphatic acid and esters, alcohols, hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids and esters, ketones, terpenes, fatty acids and esters have been identified. Among these groups, compounds belonging to the groups of carboxylic acids and esters, fatty acids and esters have been found in high rates.
Description
Keywords
Bal, Kimyasal analiz, Melissopalinoloji, Tunceli, Coğrafi işaret, Honey, Chemical analysis, Geographical indication, Melissopalynology
Citation
Özkök, A. vd. (2021). "Tunceli ballarının coğrafi işaret çalışması". Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 21(1), 39-53.