Klasik arap edebiyatında bir mizah ögesi olarak alem (özel isim), lakap ve künyeler
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Date
2020-10-27
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Arapça’da hem “alem” tabir edilen özel isimler hem de Arap kültürünün karakteristik hususiyetlerinden biri olan lakap ve künyeler, gerek edebiyat sahasının muazzam geniş düzlüklerinde at koşturan ahbar ravileri, gerekse de linguistik şakalara düşkün kalem erbabı nezdinde özel ilgiye mazhar olmuş sıra dışı edebi temalardan biridir. Özel isimleri oluşturan sözcüklerin ya da künye ve lakapların mana çağrışımlarını kullanmak suretiyle nükteye başvurma sanatı; başta edip, şair, nedim ve dil âlimleri olmak üzere şaka ve latifeye meyilli şahsiyetlerce asırlar boyu uygulanan mizahi bir uğraş olmuştur. Öyle anlaşılıyor ki, ilk örneklerinin bizzat Hz. Peygamber tarafından veriliyor olması, bu mizah tarzına başvuran ediplerin cesaretini daha da artırmış ve yüzyıllar içerisinde bu sahada biriken edebi malzemenin revaç bulmasında meşhur birkaç hadis metninin de payı olmuştur. İşte bu makale, tarihi Hz. Peygamber zamanına uzanan köklü bir edebi uygulamanın ve mizahi geleneğin yansımaları durumundaki özel isimler, künyeler ve lakaplar üzerinden sergilenen anekdotik anlatılara odaklanmaktadır. Makalede öncelikle böyle bir nükteye başvurmanın gerekçeleri sıralanmakta, akabinde bu özel mizah biçiminin sergileniş biçimleri ortaya konulmaktadır.
Proper names in Arabic, as well as laqaps and kunyas which are characteristic of Arab culture are one of the extraordinary literary themes that have received special attention both by ahbar narrators running horses on the vast plains of the literary field and by scholars who are fond of linguistic jokes. The art of referring to wit by using the meaning connotations of words that make up proper names or kunyas and laqaps; It has been a humorous endeavor that has been practiced for centuries by individuals inclined to joke, especially poets, litterateurs and language scholars. It is understood that the fact that the first examples were given by the Prophet himself increased the courage of those who used this style of humor, and several famous hadith texts had a share in the popularity of the literary material accumulated in this field over the centuries. This article focuses on anecdotal narratives displayed through special names, kunyas and laqaps which are reflections of a long-established literary practice and humorous tradition dating back to the time of the Prophet. In the article, the reasons for using such a wit are listed first and then the forms of displaying this special form of humor are put forward.
Proper names in Arabic, as well as laqaps and kunyas which are characteristic of Arab culture are one of the extraordinary literary themes that have received special attention both by ahbar narrators running horses on the vast plains of the literary field and by scholars who are fond of linguistic jokes. The art of referring to wit by using the meaning connotations of words that make up proper names or kunyas and laqaps; It has been a humorous endeavor that has been practiced for centuries by individuals inclined to joke, especially poets, litterateurs and language scholars. It is understood that the fact that the first examples were given by the Prophet himself increased the courage of those who used this style of humor, and several famous hadith texts had a share in the popularity of the literary material accumulated in this field over the centuries. This article focuses on anecdotal narratives displayed through special names, kunyas and laqaps which are reflections of a long-established literary practice and humorous tradition dating back to the time of the Prophet. In the article, the reasons for using such a wit are listed first and then the forms of displaying this special form of humor are put forward.
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Arap edebiyatı, Mizah, Alem (özel isim), Lakap, Künye, Arabic literature, Humor, Proper name, Laqap, Kunya
Citation
Şener, Ş. ve Kavak, F. (2020). "Klasik arap edebiyatında bir mizah ögesi olarak alem (özel isim), lakap ve künyeler". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(2), 495-528.