Deleuze-Guattari: Şizoanalitik ontoloji düzleminde oedipal bilinçdışının yersizyurtsuzlaştırılması
Date
2013
Authors
Kılıç, Sinan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
“Arzu nedir?”, “arzunun temelinde ne yatmaktadır?”, “arzunun oluşumunda biyolojik yapı mı yoksa sosyal yapı mı belirleyicidir?” “arzunun işlevi nedir?” vb. sorulara düşünce tarihi boyunca farklı anlamlarda pek çok yanıt verilmiştir. Bu yanıtlar analiz edildiğinde ise düşünce tarihinde arzuyu negatif ve pozitif düzlemde irdeleyen iki farklı düşünce geleneğinin yer aldığı görülür. Arzuyu pozitif düzlemde çözümleyen gelenek hazzı olumlayan Aristoppos ve Epikuros’dan başlayıp Spinoza, Nietzsche, Lyotard, Deleuze-Guattari çizgisiyle devam ederken; arzuyu olumsuzlayan gelenek Sokrates, Platon çizgisiyle başlayıp Descartes, Freud, Lacan çizgisiyle devam eder. Arzuyu olumsuzlayan gelenek arzuyu daha çok iştaha ile özdeş kıldığından, arzuyu yoksunluk olarak değerlendirir; arzuyu olumlayan gelenek ise onu libidinal enerji, varlığını sürdürme çabası, yaratım gücü olarak değerlendirdiğinden, arzuyu sevinç ve güç istenci anlamında olumlar. Deleuze-Guattari’ye göre arzuyu olumsuzlayan geleneğin bir ürünü olan psikanaliz arzuyu bilinçdışındaki yoksunluk olarak değerlendirdiğinden, psikanalitik çözümlemede bireyin bilinçdışında yoksun kaldığı şeyin kökenine doğru, geriye doğru bir iz sürülür. Buna karşın şizoanaliz bireyin bilinçdışının herhangi bir şeyden yoksun kaldığı ön kabulü yerine, bireyin bilinçdışındaki arzusunun, libidinal enerjisinin yeni bağlantılarla üretime, yaratıma geçişinin, akışının nasıl olanaklı olabileceği üzerine kurulur. Bu çalışmada ise aşkınlığa değil içkinliğe dayalı şizoanalitik ontolojiyle arzunun sürekli yersizyurtsuzlaştırılmış bağlantılarla şizoid geçişinin, akışının olanaklılık düzlemi çözümlenecektir.
Many answers with different meanings were given during the history of thought to the questions of “What is desire?”, “What stands in the ground of desire?”, “Is it the biological structure or social structure which is determinant in the creation of desire?” “What is the function of desire?” etc. And when those answers are analyzed, one may find that there have been two distinct thought traditions which inspect desire on negative and positive plan in the history of thought. While the tradition which analyzes desire on positive plain begins with Aristoppos and Epicuros who affirm desire and continues with the line of Spinoza, Nietzsche, Lyotard, Deleuze-Guattari; the tradition which negates desire begins with the line of Socrates, Plato and continues with the line of Descartes, Freud, Lacan. The tradition which negates desire assesses desire as deprivation since it rather identifies desire with appetence and the tradition which affirms desire affirms desire as the willpower and joy since it assesses it as libidinal energy, the effort to survive, the power of creation. According to Deleuze-Guattari, since psychoanalysis which is a product of the tradition which negates desire assesses as the deprivation in the unconscious, in psychoanalytic analysis it is traced backwards toward the origin of the thing which the individual is deprived of in the unconscious. Nonetheless schizoanalysis is composed on the basis of how the transition and flow of the desire of the individual in the unconscious and the libidinal energy to production and creation through new connections becomes possible rather than the presupposition that the unconscious of the individual is deprived of anything. And in this study the possibility plain of the schizoid transition and flow of desire through deterritorialized connections based on immanence rather than transcendence shall be analyzed through schizoanalytic ontology.
Many answers with different meanings were given during the history of thought to the questions of “What is desire?”, “What stands in the ground of desire?”, “Is it the biological structure or social structure which is determinant in the creation of desire?” “What is the function of desire?” etc. And when those answers are analyzed, one may find that there have been two distinct thought traditions which inspect desire on negative and positive plan in the history of thought. While the tradition which analyzes desire on positive plain begins with Aristoppos and Epicuros who affirm desire and continues with the line of Spinoza, Nietzsche, Lyotard, Deleuze-Guattari; the tradition which negates desire begins with the line of Socrates, Plato and continues with the line of Descartes, Freud, Lacan. The tradition which negates desire assesses desire as deprivation since it rather identifies desire with appetence and the tradition which affirms desire affirms desire as the willpower and joy since it assesses it as libidinal energy, the effort to survive, the power of creation. According to Deleuze-Guattari, since psychoanalysis which is a product of the tradition which negates desire assesses as the deprivation in the unconscious, in psychoanalytic analysis it is traced backwards toward the origin of the thing which the individual is deprived of in the unconscious. Nonetheless schizoanalysis is composed on the basis of how the transition and flow of the desire of the individual in the unconscious and the libidinal energy to production and creation through new connections becomes possible rather than the presupposition that the unconscious of the individual is deprived of anything. And in this study the possibility plain of the schizoid transition and flow of desire through deterritorialized connections based on immanence rather than transcendence shall be analyzed through schizoanalytic ontology.
Description
Keywords
Arzu, Oedipus, Anti-oedipus, Bilinçdışı, Şizoanaliz, Arzu makineleri, Köksap, Yersizyurtsuzlaştırma, Desire, Unconscious, Schizoanalysis, Desire machines, Rhizome, Deterritorialization
Citation
Kılıç, S. (2013). "Deleuze-Guattari: Şizoanalitik ontoloji düzleminde oedipal bilinçdışının yersizyurtsuzlaştırılması". Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 21, 95-110.