Doğal bitkilerin kültüre alınması süreci ve süs bitkisi olarak kullanılması
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Date
2020-06-23
Authors
Alp, Şevket
Zeybekoğlu, Emrah
Salman, Ali
Özzambak, M.Ercan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Yükselen yaşam standardı ve artan kentleşme tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de iç ve dış mekânda yeni süs bitkilerine olan talebi artırmaktadır. Ancak, günümüzde kentsel ortamlar, mimari yapılar, kamu parkları ve açık yeşil alanlar ile bu alanlarda yetiştirtilen süs bitkileri homojenleşmiş ve küresel kültürün bir parçasına dönüşmüştür. Artan ve değişen pazar talebi süs bitkileri üretimini ve ıslahını yeniden gündeme getirmiştir. Anadolu’nun bitki zenginliği, çok sayıda araştırıcıyı pazar taleplerine uygun yeni tür ve çeşidi süs bitkileri piyasasına kazandırmak için doğal türlerden yararlanma ve ıslahına yöneltmektedir. Bir türün süs bitkisi olarak ele almasında tarihin ilk dönemlerinden beri "ilk bakışta aşk" benzetmesi gibi bitkinin; olağan dışı biçimi, çiçeğin özel boyutu veya rengi, kokusu ve kolay çoğaltılması, yetiştirilmesi ve üretilmesi gibi faktörler etkili olmuştur. Bitkinin yayılımı, büyüme fizyolojisi, hastalık ve zararlılara karşı toleransı, farklı koşullarda büyüme özelliği, nakliyeye dayanımı ve piyasanın kabulü gibi diğer kriterler de devreye girmiştir. Günümüzde estetik kullanımı yanında mimari, mühendislik ve iklim kontrolüne katkıları dikkate alınarak süs bitkileri ıslah edilmektedirler. Doğal bitkilerin süs bitkisi olarak sektöre kazandırılmasında, kültüre alınmasında dört aşama yer almaktadır. Bunlar; tüketici ve piyasa isteklerine göre ticari potansiyeli olabilecek türün belirlenmesi ve teşhisi, uygun çoğaltım protokolünün belirlenmesi, büyüme ve gelişme fizyolojisine etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve son olarak pazarlama stratejisi ile satış noktalarının belirlemesidir. Bu aşamalara uygun ıslah yöntemleri (seleksiyonmelezleme vb.) ile oluşturulacak kültüre alma süreci, doğal türün ticari başarısı ve tüketiciler tarafından kabul şansı artacaktır. Bu çalışmaların sonunda da Anadolu’nun topraklarından dünyaya yayılacak süs bitkisi çeşitleri ülkemizin ekonomik kalkınmasına katkı sağlayacağı gibi, tanıtımına da katkı sağlayacaktır.
The rise of living standards and increase of urbanization enhance the demand for indoor and outdoor ornamental plants in our country, as in the rest of the world. However, today, urban environments, architectural structures, public and private parks and urban open-green areas and ornamental plants grown in these areas have become homogeneous and become part of the global culture. Increasing market demand has made the production and breeding of ornamental plants the current issue. Anatolia's plant abundance leads a large number of researchers to the breeding of natural species to bring new species and varieties to the ornamental plants market in line with market demands. Since the early years of history, some factors have been effective to consider a species as an ornamental plant, such as "love at first sight", as well as the unusual form of the plant, the special size or color of the flower, the smell and the reproduction and breeding of the plant. The easy breeding of the plant has been another promoting factor. Nowadays, other criteria such as the plant's spread, growth physiology, tolerance to pests and diseases, growth in different conditions, resistance to transport and the acceptance of the market have also been important issues. Nowadays, they are reformed by taking into consideration the aesthetic use, as well as architectural, engineering and climate control contributions. There are four stages in the acquisition and cultivation of natural plants into the sector as ornamental plants for the sector. These are the identification of the species with commercial potential, determining the appropriate production protocol, determining the factors affecting the physiology of growth and development, and finally determining the marketing strategy and sales points. The commercial success of the natural species and the chance to be accepted by consumers will increase when an appropriate breeding program is developed for these stages. Varieties of ornamental plants to be spread from Anatolian lands to the World will contribute to the country's economic development as well as contribute to the presentation of the country.
The rise of living standards and increase of urbanization enhance the demand for indoor and outdoor ornamental plants in our country, as in the rest of the world. However, today, urban environments, architectural structures, public and private parks and urban open-green areas and ornamental plants grown in these areas have become homogeneous and become part of the global culture. Increasing market demand has made the production and breeding of ornamental plants the current issue. Anatolia's plant abundance leads a large number of researchers to the breeding of natural species to bring new species and varieties to the ornamental plants market in line with market demands. Since the early years of history, some factors have been effective to consider a species as an ornamental plant, such as "love at first sight", as well as the unusual form of the plant, the special size or color of the flower, the smell and the reproduction and breeding of the plant. The easy breeding of the plant has been another promoting factor. Nowadays, other criteria such as the plant's spread, growth physiology, tolerance to pests and diseases, growth in different conditions, resistance to transport and the acceptance of the market have also been important issues. Nowadays, they are reformed by taking into consideration the aesthetic use, as well as architectural, engineering and climate control contributions. There are four stages in the acquisition and cultivation of natural plants into the sector as ornamental plants for the sector. These are the identification of the species with commercial potential, determining the appropriate production protocol, determining the factors affecting the physiology of growth and development, and finally determining the marketing strategy and sales points. The commercial success of the natural species and the chance to be accepted by consumers will increase when an appropriate breeding program is developed for these stages. Varieties of ornamental plants to be spread from Anatolian lands to the World will contribute to the country's economic development as well as contribute to the presentation of the country.
Description
Keywords
Islah yaklaşımı, Seleksiyon, Piyasa, Çoğaltım, Tanıtım, Breeding approach, Selection, Market, Reproduction, Presentation
Citation
Alp, Ş. vd. (2020). “Doğal bitkilerin kültüre alınması süreci ve süs bitkisi olarak kullanılması”. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(Özel Sayı), 351-357.