Sığır karkas ve sakatatlarında hijyen profilinin yasal mevzuat kriterleri ile değerlendirilmesi
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Date
2021-02-19
Authors
Çetin, Ece
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Çalışmada, kasaplık sığırların karkas ve sakatatlarının Türk Gıda Kodeksi (TGK) Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yönetmeliği Üretim Hijyeni Kriter leri gereklilikleri dahilinde mikrobiyolojik kalitesinin belirlenmesi hedeflendi. Bu amaç ile, Marmara Bölgesinde 2013-2015 yılları arasında, 3 kombina ve 1 mezbahadan toplam 400 adet örnek alındı. Alınan 100 adet karkas örneği, Aerobik Koloni Sayısı (AKS) ve Enterobacteriaceae sayısı (ES)’nın belirlenmesi ve Salmonella varlığı yönünden, her bir karkasa ait olmak üzere toplamda 300 adet yenilebilir sakatat (100 ka raciğer, 100 dalak, 100 böbrek) örneği ise Salmonella varlığı açısından, ilgili uluslararası standartlar olan ISO 4833-1:2003 (AKS), ISO 21528- 2:2004 (ES) ve ISO 6579:2002 (Salmonella) kullanılarak analiz edildi. İncelenen karkas örneklerinde AKS, 3,0x102- 4,0x105 kob/cm2 aralığında olup ortalama 3,1 x 104 kob/cm2, ES ise 0,1 x 101- 8,5 x 102 kob/ cm2 aralığında olup ortalama 1,9 x 102 kob/cm2 olarak bulundu. AKS ve ES sonuçlarının birbirinden bağımsız olarak ilgili yönetmeliğe göre değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, örneklerin AKS yönünden; %34’ü ‘Uygun’, %56’sı ‘Kabul Edilir’ ve %10’u ‘Uygun Değil’, ES yönünden de %57’si ‘Uygun’, %34’ü ‘Kabul Edilir’ ve %9’u ‘Uygun Değil’ olduğu tespit edildi. TGK Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yönetmeliği Üretim Hijyeni Kriterleri’ne göre AKS ve ES yönünden sırasıyla %90 ve %91, AKS ve ES sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde ise %84 oranında uygun bulunan sığır karkaslarının, ayrıca sakatatları dahil Salmonella içermediği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, örnekleme yapılan dönem içinde hijyenik kalitesinin oldukça iyi düzeyde olduğuna karar verildi.
This study aimed to determine the Aerobic Colony Count (ACC), Enterobacteriaceae Count (EC), and the presence of Salmonella spp. in cattle carcasses and offals based on the Turkish Food Codex (TFC) Regulation on Microbiological Criteria Process Hygiene Criteria Require ments. For this, a total of 400 samples were collected between 2013-2015 from 3 meat processing plants and from 1 slaughterhouse located in the Marmara region. One hundred carcass samples were analysed for Aerobic Colony Count (ACC) and Enterobacteriaceae Count (EC), and for the presence of Salmonella spp. by the international standards as ISO 4833-1:2003 (ACC), ISO 21528-2:2004 (EC) ve ISO 6579:2002 (Salmonella), respectively, while 300 edible offal (100 liver, 100 spleen, 100 kidney) samples, belonging to each of the 100 carcasses were ex amined for Salmonella spp. presence by the related standard indicated above. ACC results of 100 carcass samples were in the range of 3,0 x 102 - 4,0 x 105 cfu/cm2 with a mean count of 3,1 x 104 cfu/cm2; while EC counts were between 0,1 x 101 - 8,5 x 102 cfu/cm2 with a mean count of 1,9 x 102 cfu/cm2. When ACC and EC results were evaluated individually, 34%, 56%, 10% of the samples had ‘Acceptable’, ‘Satisfactory’, and ‘Unacceptable’ ACC; while EC of the samples were 57% ‘Satisfactory’, 34% ‘Acceptable’, and 9% ‘Unacceptable’. Additionally, none of the carcass and offal samples were found to carry Salmonella spp. The cattle carcasses, which were 90% and 91%, and 84% in accordance with the Process Hygiene Criteria Requirements of TFC Regulation on Microbiological Criteria in the individual and combined evaluation of ACC and EC, respectively, which also did not harbor Salmonella including their offal, were regarded to have considerably good hygienic quality within the sampling period.
This study aimed to determine the Aerobic Colony Count (ACC), Enterobacteriaceae Count (EC), and the presence of Salmonella spp. in cattle carcasses and offals based on the Turkish Food Codex (TFC) Regulation on Microbiological Criteria Process Hygiene Criteria Require ments. For this, a total of 400 samples were collected between 2013-2015 from 3 meat processing plants and from 1 slaughterhouse located in the Marmara region. One hundred carcass samples were analysed for Aerobic Colony Count (ACC) and Enterobacteriaceae Count (EC), and for the presence of Salmonella spp. by the international standards as ISO 4833-1:2003 (ACC), ISO 21528-2:2004 (EC) ve ISO 6579:2002 (Salmonella), respectively, while 300 edible offal (100 liver, 100 spleen, 100 kidney) samples, belonging to each of the 100 carcasses were ex amined for Salmonella spp. presence by the related standard indicated above. ACC results of 100 carcass samples were in the range of 3,0 x 102 - 4,0 x 105 cfu/cm2 with a mean count of 3,1 x 104 cfu/cm2; while EC counts were between 0,1 x 101 - 8,5 x 102 cfu/cm2 with a mean count of 1,9 x 102 cfu/cm2. When ACC and EC results were evaluated individually, 34%, 56%, 10% of the samples had ‘Acceptable’, ‘Satisfactory’, and ‘Unacceptable’ ACC; while EC of the samples were 57% ‘Satisfactory’, 34% ‘Acceptable’, and 9% ‘Unacceptable’. Additionally, none of the carcass and offal samples were found to carry Salmonella spp. The cattle carcasses, which were 90% and 91%, and 84% in accordance with the Process Hygiene Criteria Requirements of TFC Regulation on Microbiological Criteria in the individual and combined evaluation of ACC and EC, respectively, which also did not harbor Salmonella including their offal, were regarded to have considerably good hygienic quality within the sampling period.
Description
Keywords
Sığır, Karkas, Aerobik koloni, Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella, Cattle, Carcass, Aerobic colony, Salmonella
Citation
Çetin, E. vd. (2021). ''Sığır karkas ve sakatatlarında hijyen profilinin yasal mevzuat kriterleri ile değerlendirilmesi''. Veteriner Hekimlikte Araştırma Dergisi, 40(1), 61-67.