Düzce ili Yığılca ilçesinde üretilen balların kimyasal ve palinolojik analiz yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmesi
Loading...
Date
2016-04-25
Authors
Kambur, Merve
Kekeçoğlu, Meral
Yıldız, İlker
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Düzce ili Yığılca ilçesi çevresinden 2015 bal hasat sezonunda rastgele seçilen arıcılardan alınan bal örneklerinin kimyasal yapısı ve polen içeriği araştırılmıştır. Fiziko-kimyasal değerlendirme için analize alınan bal örnekleri nem, asitlik, maltoz, sakkaroz, früktoz, glikoz, früktoz/glikoz, elektriksel iletkenlik, diastaz sayısı, HMF, C13 ve C4 yönünden incelenmiştir. Fiziko-kimyasal analiz sonuçları bal örneklerinden ikisinin Türk Gıda Kodeksi (TGK) ile uyumsuz olduğunu göstermiştir. Örneklerinden biri C4, C13 (% 8,72, -1,39, 8. örnekte), diğeri serbest asitlik (70 meq/kg, 10. örnekte) değerleri bakımından TGK’de belirtilen değerlerden yüksek çıkmıştır. Monofloral balların dominant (≥%45) polen içeriğini oluşturan familyalar Ericaceae (Rhododendron ponticum, 1. bal örneğinde) ve Fagaceae (Castanea sativa, 2. ve 6. bal örneğinde)’dir. Multifloral balların sekonder (%15-44) polen içeriğini oluşturan familyalar ise Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Poaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae olarak tespit edilmiştir. Rosaceae familyasına ait polenlere ise tüm örneklerde minör (%3-15) oranda rastlanmıştır. Minör veya eser (<%3) oranda polene rastlanan diğer familyalar ise Aceraceae, Apiaceae, Berberidaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Cistaceae, Dipsaceae, Lamiaceae ve Lythraceae familyaları olarak belirlenmiştir. Arıcıların ifadelerine göre analiz için üreticiden alınan balların yayla balı olduğu bilinmekteydi. Fakat mikroskobik analiz sonuçlarına göre incelenen örneklerin üçü monofloral bal (kestane ve orman gülü) olarak tanımlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak halk sağlığını korumak için doğrudan üreticiden satın alınan etiketsiz ballar daha sıkı denetlenmelidir.
In this research, physicochemical and palinological characterisation of honey samples harvested in 2015, collected from randomly selected beekeepers in Yığılca district of Düzce city were analysed. For assesing of the physicochemical structures, all honey samples were analysed for their humidity, acidity maltose, saccharose, fructose, glucose, fructose/glucose, electrical conductivity, diastase, HMF, C13 and C4. Physicochemical analyse results showed that two of multifloral honey samples were incompatible with the Turkish standart. C4, C13 (8.72%, -1,39 in sample 8) and free acidity (70 meq/kg in sample 10) level of two honey samples were slightly higher than the rest of honey samples. Microscopic analyse results showed that the dominant (≥ 45%) pollen taxa in honey samples were Ericaceae (Rhododendron ponticum in sample 1) and Fagaceae (Castanae sativa in sample 2 and 6), respectively. The seconder (16-44%) polen taxa in multifloral honeys were Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Poaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae. Polen taxa derived from Rosaceae family was observed in the rate of minör (3-15%) in all honey samples. Other polen taxa encountered in the rate of minor or trace amount (<3%) in honey samples were belong to Aceraceae, Apiaceae, Berberidaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Cistaceae, Dipsaceae, Lamiaceae ve Lythraceae families. According to statement of the beekeepers, all samples were suppose to be multifloral plateau honeys. But among the honey samples analysed, three (sample 1, 2, 6) of them was determined as unifloral. As a result, control of the unbranded honey purchased directly from beekeepers should be inspected more strictly to protect public health.
In this research, physicochemical and palinological characterisation of honey samples harvested in 2015, collected from randomly selected beekeepers in Yığılca district of Düzce city were analysed. For assesing of the physicochemical structures, all honey samples were analysed for their humidity, acidity maltose, saccharose, fructose, glucose, fructose/glucose, electrical conductivity, diastase, HMF, C13 and C4. Physicochemical analyse results showed that two of multifloral honey samples were incompatible with the Turkish standart. C4, C13 (8.72%, -1,39 in sample 8) and free acidity (70 meq/kg in sample 10) level of two honey samples were slightly higher than the rest of honey samples. Microscopic analyse results showed that the dominant (≥ 45%) pollen taxa in honey samples were Ericaceae (Rhododendron ponticum in sample 1) and Fagaceae (Castanae sativa in sample 2 and 6), respectively. The seconder (16-44%) polen taxa in multifloral honeys were Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Poaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae. Polen taxa derived from Rosaceae family was observed in the rate of minör (3-15%) in all honey samples. Other polen taxa encountered in the rate of minor or trace amount (<3%) in honey samples were belong to Aceraceae, Apiaceae, Berberidaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Cistaceae, Dipsaceae, Lamiaceae ve Lythraceae families. According to statement of the beekeepers, all samples were suppose to be multifloral plateau honeys. But among the honey samples analysed, three (sample 1, 2, 6) of them was determined as unifloral. As a result, control of the unbranded honey purchased directly from beekeepers should be inspected more strictly to protect public health.
Description
Keywords
Yığılca balı, Kimyasal analiz, Mikroskobik analiz, Yığılca honey, Chemical analyse, Microscobic analyse
Citation
Kambur, M. vd. (2015). "Düzce ili Yığılca ilçesinde üretilen balların kimyasal ve palinolojik analiz yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmesi". Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 15(2), 67-79.