Terörizm ve cihad üzerine kavramsal bir mukayese
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Date
2018-01-31
Authors
Arpacı, Işıl
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Özellikle 11 Eylül saldırısının ardından dünya gündeminde önemli yer edinen İslamî / İslamcı / cihadcı terör kavramları, İslam ve terörizm arasında kurulan bağlantının somut göstergelerinden biri olarak değerlendirilebilir. Oysa “Holy War” biçiminde tercüme edilen ve birçok oryantalist kaynakta terörizmin İslam’daki meşrulaştırıcı unsuru olarak değerlendirilen cihad, İslam dini bağlamında değerlendirildiğinde, bugününün uluslararası hukukuna uygun meşru bir savunma aracıdır. Bu çalışma özü itibariyle İslam ve onun cihad öğesinin, terörizmi gerçekten destekleyip desteklemediğini siyasal açıdan incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır ve cihad ve terörizm literatürlerinin analizini içermemektedir. Çalışmada cihad kavramı sadece kendi kaynakları ve tarihsel bağlamında incelenmiş ve terörizmin kavramsal içeriği ile mukayeseli olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Böylelikle varılmak istenen nokta, cihad ve terörizm arasında bir bağlantının varlığı ya da yokluğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu mesele ekseninde çalışmada cihad ve terörizm kavramları; içerik, neden, unsur ve türleri bakımından irdelenmiş, aralarındaki farklılıklar on madde halinde sıralanmış ve terörizmin sahiplerinin Müslüman olmasının, terörizmin adını cihad olarak değiştirmediği gibi, teröristleri de “mücahid” yapmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Especially the concepts of Islamic/ Islamist/ jihadist terror which gained an important place on the world agenda after the 9/11 attack can be regarded as concrete indicators of the link between Islam and terrorism. However, jihad, translated as “Holy War” and considered as a legitimizing element of terrorism in Islam in most orientalist sources, is a legitimate defense tool in accordance with today's international law when evaluated in the context of Islamic religion. This study intends to examine politically that whether Islam and its jihad element genuinely support terrorism, or not? It does not include the analysis of the literature on jihad and terrorism. In this study, the concept of jihad has been studied only in its own resources and historical context and then the results compared with the conceptual content of terrorism. The point to be reached thus is to establish the existence or absence of a link between jihad and terrorism, if there is one. The concepts of jihad and terrorism in this paper have been examined in terms of content, cause, element and type. At the same time, differences between them are listed in ten points. It has been claimed that it doesn’t make terrorism jihad when terrorists are labeled as Muslims or being Muslims; also it doesn’t make terrorists “champions of Islam / mujahid”.
Especially the concepts of Islamic/ Islamist/ jihadist terror which gained an important place on the world agenda after the 9/11 attack can be regarded as concrete indicators of the link between Islam and terrorism. However, jihad, translated as “Holy War” and considered as a legitimizing element of terrorism in Islam in most orientalist sources, is a legitimate defense tool in accordance with today's international law when evaluated in the context of Islamic religion. This study intends to examine politically that whether Islam and its jihad element genuinely support terrorism, or not? It does not include the analysis of the literature on jihad and terrorism. In this study, the concept of jihad has been studied only in its own resources and historical context and then the results compared with the conceptual content of terrorism. The point to be reached thus is to establish the existence or absence of a link between jihad and terrorism, if there is one. The concepts of jihad and terrorism in this paper have been examined in terms of content, cause, element and type. At the same time, differences between them are listed in ten points. It has been claimed that it doesn’t make terrorism jihad when terrorists are labeled as Muslims or being Muslims; also it doesn’t make terrorists “champions of Islam / mujahid”.
Description
Keywords
İslam, Cihad, Terör, Terörizm, İslam ve terörizm, Islam, Jihad, Terror, Terrorism, Islam and terrorism
Citation
Arpacı, I. (2018). “Terörizm ve cihad üzerine kavramsal bir mukayese”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(34), 263-294.