Mahidevran (Gülbahar) Sultan ve Itıknâmesi
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Date
2016-01-31
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın eşi Mahidevran (Gülbahar) Sultan, Şehzade Mustafa’nın annesidir. Tarihimizin en acı sayfalarından biri olan şehzadenin babası tarafından boğdurularak öldürülmesi olayı edebiyatımızda en duygulu mersiyelerin yazılmasına sebep olmuştur. Mahidevran Sultan, oğlunun öldürülmesinden sonra beraberinde bulunan maiyetiyle birlikte Bursa’ya gönderilmişti. Bursa’da acı ve ıstırap dolu günler geçiren sultan, günlük yiyecek ihtiyaçlarını teminde bile sıkıntılara düşmüş, oturduğu evin kirasını on yıl boyunca ödeyememiş, daha sonra padişahın emri ile bu ödemeler yapılmıştır. Şahsi bütün mal varlığını sadaka ve oğlunun türbesi için harcayan bu hayırsever kadın, maiyetinde bulunan yirmi hizmetçi ve kölenin azat edilmesini vasiyet etmiştir. Ölümünden sonra bir ıtıknâme düzenlenmiş ve köleler bir hayır anlayışı içerisinde özgür bırakılmıştır.
Mahidevran (Gülbahar) Sultan who is Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’s wife is mother of Şehzade Mustafa. Şehzade Mustafa was slaughtered by his father’s edict. This is one of the most painful pages of our history and this event causes writing of the most soulful elegiac poetry in our literature. After his son’s death Mahidevran Sultan was sent to Bursa with her suite. Sultan had very hard day in Bursa. She declined to provide daily food needs even in distress, could not pay the rent of the her house for ten year, then the payments are made on the orders of the Sultan. This charitable woman spent her all personal property for her son’s grave and she bequethed to the liberation of the twenty servants and slaves in the her suite. After her death, it is arranged a manumission document and slaves were released in a concept of charity.
Mahidevran (Gülbahar) Sultan who is Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’s wife is mother of Şehzade Mustafa. Şehzade Mustafa was slaughtered by his father’s edict. This is one of the most painful pages of our history and this event causes writing of the most soulful elegiac poetry in our literature. After his son’s death Mahidevran Sultan was sent to Bursa with her suite. Sultan had very hard day in Bursa. She declined to provide daily food needs even in distress, could not pay the rent of the her house for ten year, then the payments are made on the orders of the Sultan. This charitable woman spent her all personal property for her son’s grave and she bequethed to the liberation of the twenty servants and slaves in the her suite. After her death, it is arranged a manumission document and slaves were released in a concept of charity.
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Keywords
Mahidevran, Köle, Azat, Itık, Itıknâme, Şehzade Mustafa, Slave, Liberation, Manumission, Manumission document
Citation
Eğri, S. (2016). “Mahidevran (Gülbahar) Sultan ve Itıknâmesi”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(30), 41-56.