Bursa’da kolera salgını ve alınan karantina önlemleri (1890-1895)
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Date
2011-01-12
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kolera bulaşıcı bir hastalık olup, salgına dönüşebilme özelliğine sahiptir. Tarihin çeşitli dönemlerinde, dünyanın pek çok yerinde ortaya çıkmış olan bu hastalık, binlerce insanın ölmesine neden olmuştur. 19.yüzyılın sonlarında, Bursa ve çevresinde de kolera vakaları görülmeye başlanmıştır. Osmanlı Hükümeti hastalığın yayılmasını engellemek için hızlı davranmış ve birtakım karantina önlemleri almıştır. Şehrin giriş ve çıkış noktalarını kontrol altına alabilmek amacıyla, Doğu yönünde Duaçınarı’nda, Batı yönünde ise Acemler’de, iki ayrı tahaffuzhâne yapılmış ve hastalar on gün süre ile gözetim altında tutulmuştur. Belediyenin de aldığı etkili önlemler ve dikkatli uygulamalar neticesinde, hastalık yayılmadan kontrol altına alınmış ve çok az sayıda ölüm vakası gerçekleşmiştir. Bir süre sonra da, kademeli olarak gözetim süresi azaltılmış ve sonunda hastalığın artık görülmemesi ile tahaffuzhâneler kaldırılarak, karantina uygulamasına son verilmiştir.
Cholera is an infectious disease and has the ability of turning into an epidemics. It has appeared in various countries during various periods causing thousand deaths. Likewise, cholera has been observed in Bursa and its surroundings at the end of 19th century. The Ottoman goverment has acted fastly to prevent the disease from spreading and taken quarantine precautions. In order to get control over the entrance gates, two separate tahaffuzhane (quarantine center) were built in west at Acemler and in east at Duaçınarı, and the patients have been kept under watch for ten days. By the help of the effective and careful precautions carried out by the municipality, the illness was kept down before it spread and very few fatality cases have been reported. After a while, observation period was gradually decreased and at last, after the disapperarance of cases, tahaffuzhanes were eliminated and quarantine precautions were stopped.
Cholera is an infectious disease and has the ability of turning into an epidemics. It has appeared in various countries during various periods causing thousand deaths. Likewise, cholera has been observed in Bursa and its surroundings at the end of 19th century. The Ottoman goverment has acted fastly to prevent the disease from spreading and taken quarantine precautions. In order to get control over the entrance gates, two separate tahaffuzhane (quarantine center) were built in west at Acemler and in east at Duaçınarı, and the patients have been kept under watch for ten days. By the help of the effective and careful precautions carried out by the municipality, the illness was kept down before it spread and very few fatality cases have been reported. After a while, observation period was gradually decreased and at last, after the disapperarance of cases, tahaffuzhanes were eliminated and quarantine precautions were stopped.
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Keywords
Kolera, Bursa, Osmanlı, Karantina, Sıhhiye, Cholera, Ottoman, Quarantine, Health
Citation
Kumaş, N. (2011). “Bursa’da kolera salgını ve alınan karantina önlemleri (1890-1895)”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(21), 213-241.