Mustafakemalpaşa ilçesinde tarımı yapılan sanayi tipi domates mekanizasyononda işlem zinciri ve makina-insan işgücü zamanı gereksinimi
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Date
1997
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, sanayi tipi domates üretiminde önemli bir yeri olan Bursa ili Mustafakemalpaşa ilçesinde, ağırlıklı olarak domates üretimi yapan işletmelerin yapıları, mekanizasyon özellikleri, domates üretiminde uyguladıkları işlem zinciri, bu işlemlerin yapılış zamanları, işlemlerin uygulanmasında kullanılan alet ve makinalar, bunların iş başarıları, makina ve insan işgücü zamanı gereksinimi ve genel olarak üretim sürecinde karşılaştıkları sorunlar araştırılmıştır. Anket yöntemiyle 55 işletmeden elde edilen verilere göre ortalama işletme büyüklüğü 5. 65 ha, ortalama domates üretim alanı 2. 53 ha ve ortalama verim 58.10 tonla dzr. Toplam 58 traktörün bulunduğu işletmelerde birim alana düşen güç 7. 63 kW/ha ve işletme başına ortalama makina sayısız 10.29 adettir. İşletmelerin 54 'ü fide ile üretim yapmakta ve bunların 36'sz fidesini kendisi yetiştirmektedir. Domates üretiminde 10 temel işlem 25 kez uygulanmaktadır. İşlemlerin yapılış şekline bağlı olarak makina zamanı gereksinimi 114.93-119.94 hha, insan işgücü zamanı gereksinimi 954.18-966.61 h/ha işçi 'dir. Makina zamanı gereksinimi içinde sulama işlemi 96.22 h/ha ile, insan işgücü zamanı gereksinimi içinde ise toplama işlemi 605.21 hhaişçi ile en büyük paya sahiptir. Fide üretiminde ise ll temel işlem 19 kez uygulanmaktadır. Sürüm ve karık açma dışındaki tüm işlemler elle yapılmakta ve işlemler Mart ve Nisan aylarında yoğunlaşmaktadır.
In this study, the structure of farms mainly dealing with tomato growing in Mustafakemalpaşa district of Bursa province which has an important place in processing type tomato growing, their mechanization characteristics, the field operation chain, the application time of these field operations, the machines used in the application of these field operations, their working successes, the machine and labour time requirement and the problems they encounter in general, during growing were investigated. The average farm size was found as 5. 65 ha, average tomato growing area as 2. 5 3 ha and the average yi e/d as 58.1 O t/ha, according to the data obtained from 55 sample farms by means of inquiry method. The power per unit area was 7. 63 k W/ha and the mean number of machines per farm was 1 O. 29 in the farms having 58 tractors in total. 54 Of the farms grew by seedlings and 36 of them raised their own seedlings. 10 Basic field operations were applied 25 times in tomato growing. The machine time requirements are 114.93-119.94 h/ha, labour time requirement was 954.18966.61 h/ha/labour, depending on the application method of the field operations. The irrigation operation had the greatest part in machine time requirement with 96.22 h/ha, and picking operation had the greatest part in labour time requirement with 605.21 h/ha labour. In seed/ing growing, all basic field operations were applied 19 times. All field operations, excepttilage and .furrow making, were done by hand and the field operations became dense in March and April.
In this study, the structure of farms mainly dealing with tomato growing in Mustafakemalpaşa district of Bursa province which has an important place in processing type tomato growing, their mechanization characteristics, the field operation chain, the application time of these field operations, the machines used in the application of these field operations, their working successes, the machine and labour time requirement and the problems they encounter in general, during growing were investigated. The average farm size was found as 5. 65 ha, average tomato growing area as 2. 5 3 ha and the average yi e/d as 58.1 O t/ha, according to the data obtained from 55 sample farms by means of inquiry method. The power per unit area was 7. 63 k W/ha and the mean number of machines per farm was 1 O. 29 in the farms having 58 tractors in total. 54 Of the farms grew by seedlings and 36 of them raised their own seedlings. 10 Basic field operations were applied 25 times in tomato growing. The machine time requirements are 114.93-119.94 h/ha, labour time requirement was 954.18966.61 h/ha/labour, depending on the application method of the field operations. The irrigation operation had the greatest part in machine time requirement with 96.22 h/ha, and picking operation had the greatest part in labour time requirement with 605.21 h/ha labour. In seed/ing growing, all basic field operations were applied 19 times. All field operations, excepttilage and .furrow making, were done by hand and the field operations became dense in March and April.
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Keywords
Domates mekanizasyonu, İşlem zinciri, Zaman gereksinimi, Tomato growing mechanization, Field operation chain, Time requirement
Citation
Darga, A. (1997). ''Mustafakemalpaşa ilçesinde tarımı yapılan sanayi tipi domates mekanizasyononda işlem zinciri ve makina-insan işgücü zamanı gereksinimi''. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 133-144.