Kuruçay kazasında XVIII. yüzyıl ortalarında meydana gelen asayiş sorunları ve devlet merkezinin yaklaşımı (1 ve 3 numaralı Erzurum Ahkâm defterlerine göre)
Date
2022-08-23
Authors
Durmuş, Gürsel
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda ahalinin her türlü davasına “şer’iyye mahkemeleri” adı verilen kadı mahkemeleri bakardı. Fakat bölgesel nitelikli bu mahkemelerin kararlarından memnun kalmayanların, en yüksek yönetim ve yargı organı mahiyetindeki Divanıhümayun’a müracaat etme hakları vardı. Bundan başka, herhangi bir şer’iyye mahkemesine başvurmadan doğrudan Divanıhümayun’a da gidilebilmekteydi. Buraya akseden davalar başlangıçta “mühimme defterleri” içerisinde yer alırken, sonra “şikâyet defterleri” denilen defterlere ve H 1155 / M 1742’den itibaren de “ahkâm defterleri” adı verilen ayrı bir defter serisine kaydedilmeye başlanmışlardır. Ahkâm defterleri, özellikle “şer’iyye sicilleri” adı verilen kadı mahkemeleri kayıtlarının bulunmadığı bölgelerin şehir tarihi incelemeleri bakımından ehemmiyetlidirler. Şer’iyye sicilleri mevcut olan bölgelerde ise olaylara devlet merkezinin bakış açısını yansıtmaları nedeniyle önem taşırlar. Bu çalışmada, ilgili dönemde Erzurum eyaletine bağlı olan Kuruçay kazasının XVIII. yüzyıl ortalarındaki asayiş durumu 1 ve 3 numaralı Erzurum Ahkâm Defterleri üzerinden incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, devlet merkezinin bölgeden yansıyan şikâyetlere yaklaşımı ve Divan’dan yazılan hükümlerde sunulan çözüm önerileri ortaya konulmaya çalışılıp sorunların nedenleri de irdelenmiştir.
In the Ottoman Empire, all kinds of lawsuits of the people were handled by the qadi courts called the “sharia courts”. However, those who were not satisfied with the decisions of these local courts had the right to apply to the Divanıhümayun, which was the highest administrative and judicial organ. Besides, it was possible to go directly to the Divanıhümayun without applying to any local court. While the cases that are reflected the Divanıhümayun were initially included in the “mühimme books”, then later they were recorded in the ledgers called the “şikâyet books” and since 1742 in a separate ledgers series called the “ahkâm books”. The ahkâm books are important in terms of the studies of city history, especially in regions where there are noregisters of the qadi courts, called the “sharia registers”. In regions where registers of the sharia courts, these are important because they reflect the point of view of the state head office. In this study, Kuruçay District which was affiliated with the Erzurum Province in the relevant period public security issues occurred in the mid-18th century by examing according to the Erzurum Ahkâm Books numbered 1 and 3, the approach of the state head office to the complaints reflected from region and solution proposals presented in the provisions written from the Divanıhümayun was tried to be put forward. In addition, the causes of the problems were also examined.
In the Ottoman Empire, all kinds of lawsuits of the people were handled by the qadi courts called the “sharia courts”. However, those who were not satisfied with the decisions of these local courts had the right to apply to the Divanıhümayun, which was the highest administrative and judicial organ. Besides, it was possible to go directly to the Divanıhümayun without applying to any local court. While the cases that are reflected the Divanıhümayun were initially included in the “mühimme books”, then later they were recorded in the ledgers called the “şikâyet books” and since 1742 in a separate ledgers series called the “ahkâm books”. The ahkâm books are important in terms of the studies of city history, especially in regions where there are noregisters of the qadi courts, called the “sharia registers”. In regions where registers of the sharia courts, these are important because they reflect the point of view of the state head office. In this study, Kuruçay District which was affiliated with the Erzurum Province in the relevant period public security issues occurred in the mid-18th century by examing according to the Erzurum Ahkâm Books numbered 1 and 3, the approach of the state head office to the complaints reflected from region and solution proposals presented in the provisions written from the Divanıhümayun was tried to be put forward. In addition, the causes of the problems were also examined.
Description
Keywords
Kuruçay kazası, Divanıhümayun, Ahkâm defterleri, Asayiş, Hüküm, Kuruçay district, Ahkâm books, Public security, Provisions
Citation
Durmuş, G. (2023). ''Kuruçay kazasında XVIII. yüzyıl ortalarında meydana gelen asayiş sorunları ve devlet merkezinin yaklaşımı (1 ve 3 numaralı Erzurum Ahkâm defterlerine göre)''. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(44), 191-210.