2017 Cilt 11 Sayı 32
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Item Open Access Effects of age at first access to range area on laying performance and some egg quality traits of free-range laying hens(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-08-11) Petek, Metin; Yeşilbağ, Derya; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.The aim of the study was to determine the effect of age at first range access to range area on laying performance and egg quality of free range layer chickens. Six hundred 16-week-old Lohman Brown layer pullets were randomly distributed into three experimental groups according to age at first range access as 18 (very early), 20 (early) and 22 weeks of age (coventional-late). Three experimental groups were monitored to collect the data from 24 to 72 weeks of age. Egg number, feed consumption, dead birds, cracked and floor eggs were recorded daily. Egg quality analysis was made to 10 week intervals from 30th to 70th weeks of age. Thirty freshly laid eggs from each group were collected in each analysing period and measured within 24 h. The floor eggs and survival rate of the birds were affected by the timing of the first access to range area (P<0.05). The age at first access to range area had no significant effect on all egg quality traits investigated. The laying period had significant effect on all egg quality parameters (P<0.001). There was no significant age at first access to range area x laying period interaction for all egg quality parameters.Item Open Access Determination of effects of some plant activators against potato virus y in pepper(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-08-11) Elibuyuk, Ibrahim Ozer; Saydam, Cansu; Arslan, Umut; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bitki Koruma Bölümü.In this work, the effects of the plant activators Messenger, Actigard, ISR-2000 and Crop-Set against Potato Virus Y (PVY) in pepper (Capsicum annuum) were evaluated. In surveys conducted in Adana and Mersin provinces of southern Turkey in 2015, PVY was detected in symptomatic peppers by DAS-ELISA tests. The PVY isolate used in this study was isolated from pepper plants in Adana. Effects of the activators were evaluated in a climate chamber. Pepper seedlings were treated by Messenger, Actigard, ISR-2000 and Crop-Set and then the activator-treated peppers were inoculated by the PVY isolate 72 and 96 hrs after the activator treatments. In the assay, symptom expression time, plant length, leaf width, root length, lignification (lignin accumulation) and H2O2 accumulation were measured until the flowering period. The data was analyzed by using statistical methods. Messenger, Actigard, ISR-2000 and Crop-Set delayed symptom expression time by 12, 10, 8 and 3 days, respectively. Moreover Actigard, Messenger and ISR-2000 increased leaf surface area and plant height. Among all treatments, only inoculations with PVY 72 hrs after Crop-Set treatments increased the root length. Activator treated plants showed lignification and H2O2 accumulation. Best treatment times for lignification and H2O2 accumulation were determined as 72 hrs for Messenger, 96 hrs for Actigard, Crop-Set and ISR-2000.Item Open Access Effects of egg weight on chick and organ development, growth and slaughter traits in pekin ducks(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-08-11) Sözcü, Arda; Ipek, Aydın; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi.This study was carried out to determine the effects of increased egg weight of pekin ducks on organ development, chick quality, growth traits, slaughter and carcass yield. A total of 405 one day old Pekin ducklings that have been hatched from light, medium and heavy hatching eggs, were used in the experiment. Egg weight were classified as “light” (<75 g), “medium” (76-82 g) and “heavy” (>83 g) by weighing with ±0.1 precision one by one. The chick hatching weight and leg length were found to be the highest in chicks hatched from heavy eggs, with values of 47.4 g and 227.8 mm compared to the chicks hatched from light and medium eggs (P<0.05). At 42 d of age, the body weight of ducks hatched from heavy eggs was 3195.0 g, compared to the ducks hatched from light and medium eggs (2879.6 and 2897.9 g, P=0.001). Any significant differences observed for feed conversion rate and mortality among the experimental groups (P>0.05). Slaughter weight, carcass weight were also the highest for ducks hatched from heavy eggs (P=0.004). In conclusion, increased egg weight affected chick hatching weight and growing performance in Pekin ducks.Item Open Access Determination of microwave and convective drying characteristics of coriander leaves(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-07-04) Yılmaz, Aslıhan; Alibaş, İlknur; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümü.Coriander leaves, which weighs 50 ±0.07 g with moisture of 7.531 ± 0.411 [kg(moisture) kg-1 (dry matter)], were dried using three drying methods, microwave, convective and natural drying. Drying continued until leaves moisture was reduced to 0.102 ± 0.0002 [kg(moisture) kg-1 (dry matter)]. Drying treatments in microwave drying powers were 100, 500 and 1000 W and drying periods lasted 9 – 76 min for microwave drying. While natural drying was lasted for 6 days, convective drying (50°C) was continued for 169 minutes. In this study, measured values of moisture were compared with predicted values obtained from several thin-layer equations. The best model for both 1000 W and 100 W microwave drying was Alibas’s model. Whereas the best model was determined as Verma’s model at 500 W, the most appropriate model was modified Henderson Pabis’s model in convective drying at 50°C. The optimum drying period, color and chlorophyll content were obtained by using the microwave drying at 500 W.Item Open Access In vitro antagonistic activity against fusarium species of local Trichoderma spp. isolates(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-06-28) Küçük, ÇiğdemTrichoderma spp. isolates were isolated from rhizosphere soils of cotton and maize. The antagonistic effects of local isolates of Trichoderma sp. against some Fusarium species such as Fusarium solani, F.moniliforme, F.culmorum, F.verticillioides and F.chlamydosporum were studied by using the dual culture technique. The isolates of Trichoderma spp. had a inhibitory effects on the growth of tested Fusarium species. Also, the influence of abiotic stress such as temperature, drought and NaCl on the growth of Trichoderma isolates was studied in this study. The most resistant isolates to abiotic stress were T8, T12 and T14, respectively. The specific activity of chitinase produced by local isolates was tested. The antagonist T8 isolate produced higher chitinase activity in culture supernatant.Item Open Access Growth and physiological responses of ‘Chrysanthemum paludosum’ under salinity stress(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017-06-20) Yasemin, Sara; Köksal, Nezihe; Özkaya, Aslıhan; Yener, MithatChrysanthemum paludosum, belongs to Asteraceae family, is a perennial medicinal herb and ornamental plant. It has aesthetical values together with several medical effects such as antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, antioxidant, nervous, cytotoxic etc. Excess of salinity in soils is one of the major problems which reduce plant growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of salinity on C. paludosum by assaying plant growth and some physiological traits. C. paludosum plants were irrigated with five different levels of NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM) for 30 days with 3 days intervals in pots under greenhouse conditions. The effects of salinity stress on diameter of flower and disc floret, number of flowers, shoot height, root length, thickness of root collar and stem, fresh weights of root and shoot, dry weights of root and shoot, leaf chlorophyll concentration (SPAD readings), moisture content on wet basis, relative water content and ion leakage were investigated. According to the results, flower diameters, disc florets, number of flowers, shoot height, root collar thickness, root and shoot fresh weights were negatively affected in 150 and 200 mM NaCl treatments. In parallel, ion leakage also highly increased in 150 and 200 mM NaCl treatments. Leaf chlorophyll concentrations decreased by increasing salinity levels.