Rh hemolitik hastalığında intrauterin transfüzyonun neonatal sonuçlara etkisi
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Date
2010-01-06
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı Rh hemolitik hastalığı olan yenidoğanların hemolitik hastalığın şiddetine (hafif, orta ve ağır) ve intrauterin transfüzyon (İUT) uygulanmasına göre postnatal kan değişimi, fototerapi uygulanma ihtiyacı ve neonatal anemi şiddeti açı- sından değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya Ocak 2000 ile Kasım 2008 tarihleri arasında Rh hemolitik hastalık tanısı ile Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine yatırılan bebekler alındı. Kord kanı hemoglobin ve bilirübin düzeyleri ile retikülosit sayısı, en yüksek bilirübin düzeyi, intrauterin transfüzyon sayısı, fototerapi süresi, postnatal kan değişimi ya da eritrosit süspansiyonu ile transfüzyon gereksinimleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 44 bebek alındı. Bebeklerin ortalama gestasyonel yaşı 37,6±0,3 hafta, ortalama doğum ağırlığı 3031±53 gram idi. Bebeklerin 13’ü (%29,5) hafif, 13’ü orta (%29,5) ve 18’i (%41) ise ağır hemolitik hastalığa sahip idi. On iki (%27) bebekte ‹UT öyküsü mevcut olup, bu hastaların 9’unda (%75) ağır hemolitik hastalık saptandı ve bu oran ‹UT yapılmayan bebeklere göre anlamlı yüksekti. Benzer şekilde İUT uygulanan hastalarda postnatal kan değişimi gereksinimi de İUT yapılmayanlara göre anlamlı yüksek bulundu. İUT uygulanan ve uygulanmayan bebekler arasında fototerapi süresi, en yüksek bilirubin düzeyleri ve transfüzyon gereksinimi açısından anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada İUT uygulanan bebeklerde ağır hemolitik hastalık görülme olasılığının ve postnatal kan değişimi gereksiniminin İUT uygulanmayanlara göre daha fazla olduğu saptandı. Bu nedenle in utero şiddetli seyreden Rh hemolitik hastalığının postnatal dönemde de ağır hemolitik hastalık şeklinde ortaya çıkabileceği sonucuna varıldı.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the neonates with Rh hemolytic disease according to the severity of hemolytic disease (slight, moderate and severe) and the presence of intrauterine transfusion (IUT) for necessity of postnatal exchange transfusion or phototherapy application and severity of neonatal anemia. Materials and Method: The neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with Rhesus hemolytic disease between January 2000 and November 2008 were included in this retrospective study. Cord blood hemoglobine and bilirubin levels, reticulocyte count, maximum bilirubin level, number of intrauterine transfusion, duration of phototherapy, requirement of postnatal exchange transfusion or redblood cell transfusions were all recorded. Results: A total of 44 neonates were included in the study. The mean gestational age and birth weight of infants were 37.6±0.3 week and 3031±53 g, respectively. Slight, moderate and severe hemolytic disease was determined in 13 (29.5%), 13 (29.5%) and 18 (41%) of infants, respectively. IUT was performed in 12 infants (27%) and 9 of them (75%) had severe hemolytic disease and this ratio was significantly higher compared with the infants without IUT. Similarly, requirement of postnatal exchange transfusion was also higher in infants who had IUT compared with the infants who did not have IUT. No significant difference was determined between infants with and without IUT in terms of duration of phototherapy, maximum bilirubin levels and transfusion requirement. Conclusion: The incidence of severe hemolytic disease and postnatal exchange requirement were significantly higher in infants with IUT compared with the infants without IUT. Therefore, it is concluded that if Rhesus hemolytic disease is severe in utero, it may present as severe hemolytic disease in the postnatal period.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the neonates with Rh hemolytic disease according to the severity of hemolytic disease (slight, moderate and severe) and the presence of intrauterine transfusion (IUT) for necessity of postnatal exchange transfusion or phototherapy application and severity of neonatal anemia. Materials and Method: The neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with Rhesus hemolytic disease between January 2000 and November 2008 were included in this retrospective study. Cord blood hemoglobine and bilirubin levels, reticulocyte count, maximum bilirubin level, number of intrauterine transfusion, duration of phototherapy, requirement of postnatal exchange transfusion or redblood cell transfusions were all recorded. Results: A total of 44 neonates were included in the study. The mean gestational age and birth weight of infants were 37.6±0.3 week and 3031±53 g, respectively. Slight, moderate and severe hemolytic disease was determined in 13 (29.5%), 13 (29.5%) and 18 (41%) of infants, respectively. IUT was performed in 12 infants (27%) and 9 of them (75%) had severe hemolytic disease and this ratio was significantly higher compared with the infants without IUT. Similarly, requirement of postnatal exchange transfusion was also higher in infants who had IUT compared with the infants who did not have IUT. No significant difference was determined between infants with and without IUT in terms of duration of phototherapy, maximum bilirubin levels and transfusion requirement. Conclusion: The incidence of severe hemolytic disease and postnatal exchange requirement were significantly higher in infants with IUT compared with the infants without IUT. Therefore, it is concluded that if Rhesus hemolytic disease is severe in utero, it may present as severe hemolytic disease in the postnatal period.
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Keywords
Yenidoğanın hemolitik hastalığı, Yenidoğan, Sarılık, İntrauterin transfüzyon, Fototerapi, Hemolytic disease, Newborn, Jaundice, Intrauterine blood transfusion, Phototherapy
Citation
Çetinkaya, M. vd. (2010). "Rh hemolitik hastalığında intrauterin transfüzyonun neonatal sonuçlara etkisi". Güncel Pediatri, 8(1), 1-6.