Antifungal efficiency of biological control agents against phytopathogenic fungi

Abstract

In the present study, six different biological control agents were used against phytopathogenic fungi to determine the antifungal activities. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activity of Trichoderma harzianum, T. harzianum-T. viride, Aureobasidium pullulans, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis. These bio control agents were used against phytopathogenic fungi such as Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina, respectively. In vitro antagonism screening was carried out to test six antagonists against phytopathogenic fungi. Assessment of phytopathogenic fungi mycelial growth was done in 7 days at 25oC after its placement on the culture medium. The all antagonists were shown high inhibition on fungi mycelial growth. The most effective antagonist against fungi was T. harzianum and efficiency rate were continued with Bacillus subtilis, Aureobasidium pullulans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, respectively. Subsequently, in the second phase of in vitro, Captan, Maneb and Thiram were used to determine efficiency on fungi’s culture and survivability of the biocontrol agents. Fungicide dose was selected in label for each one and was used half, recommended and double concentrations. The most resistant plant pathogens against fungicides were M. phaseolina and F. oxysporum, on the other hand, most sensitive were R. solani and S. sclerotiorum when compare to all.