Publication: Okul öncesi çocuklarda hareket eğitimi ve exergame uygulamalarının görsel algı ve el-göz koordinasyonu becerilerine etkisinin incelenmesi
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Kurt, Şule
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Korkmaz, Nimet Haşıl
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Bu çalışmanın amacı; okul öncesi kademesinde eğitim gören çocuklara uygulanan 10 haftalık hareket eğitim programlarının ve exergame uygulamalarının çocukların görsel algı ve el-göz koordinasyon becerileri üzerine olan etkilerini incelemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini okul öncesinde yer alan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise Bursa’da yer alan milli eğitim bakanlığına bağlı Anaokulun’da öğrenim görmekte olan 32 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Deney grubunda yer alan öğrenciler hareket eğitimi ve exergame uygulamlarına katılmış kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrenciler ise sadece hareket eğitimine katılmışlardır. Çalışmada; öğrencinin yaşı, doğum tarihi, veli ad-soyad ve iletişim bilgilerini içeren kişisel bilgi formu, Granada Üniversitesi tarafından okul öncesi çocuklarının fiziksel uygunluğunu ölçmek ve değerlendirmek için oluşturulan ve geliştirilen, güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışmalarını 2016’da Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez ve arkadaşları tarafından yapılan Preschool Physical Fitness (PREFIT) Test Bataryası, çocukların görsel algılama becerilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla Frostig (1961) tarafından geliştirilen ve Aral ve Bütün (2016) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan Frostig Görsel Algı Testi ve çocukların zihinsel gelişme düzeylerini ölçmek üzere, Arnold Gesell tarafından düzenlenen Evirgen ve arkadaşları tarafından güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılan Gessel Gelişim Testi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılımı Shapiro- Wilk analizi ile test edilmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda Bağımsız Örneklemler T Testi, Grup İçi karşılaştırmalarda Paired T Testi kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda 4x10 puanında deney grubunun lehine anlamlı farklılıklar bulunurken grup içi ön test ve son test puanlarına bakıldığında ve testin alt boyutları incelendiğinde, deney grubunda kontrol grubundan farklı olarak el kavrama becerilerinde anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edildiği görülmüştür. Deney grubunda uygulanan müdahalenin el kavrama becerisine olumlu anlamda etkisi olduğu sonucunu çıkartabiliriz. Her iki grupta da fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerinden 4x10 koşu performansı, boy, kilo ve uzun atlama becerilerinde artış görülmüştür. Deney grubuna uygulanan müdahalenin okul öncesinde yer alan çocukların mekânsal ilişkilerin algılanması becerisinde anlamlı derecede farklılık yarattığı görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda deney grubunda gerçekleştirilen müdahalenin çocukların görsel hafıza, el ve göz koordinasyonu ve ince motor becerilerini daha fazla geliştirdiği sonuçları elde edilmiştir.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a 10-week movement training program and exergame applications on the visual perception and hand-eye coordination skills of children attending preschool. The population of the study consists of students in preschool education. The sample includes 32 students studying at a kindergarten affiliated with the Ministry of National Education in Bursa. In the study, a personal information form containing the student's name, age, date of birth, parent's name, and contact information was used to obtain the demographic information of the student. The Preschool Physical Fitness (PREFIT) Test Battery, which was validated and tested for reliability by Sanchez and colleagues (2016), was used to measure and evaluate the physical fitness of children in the preschool level.The Frostig Visual Perception Test, developed by Frostig (1961) and adapted into Turkish by Aral and Bütün (2016), was used to assess visual perception skills. Additionally, the Gesell Developmental Test, organized by Arnold Gesell and validated by Evirgen et al. (2015), was used to measure the mental development levels of children. The normal distribution of the data was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk analysis. Independent Samples T-Test was used for comparisons between groups, and Paired T-Test was used for comparisons within groups. As a result of the analyses conducted, significant differences were found in favor of the experimental group in the 4x10 score. When examining the pre-test and post-test scores within the group and analyzing the sub-dimensions of the test, it was observed that there was a significant difference in handgrip skills in the experimental group compared to the control group. We can conclude that the intervention applied to the experimental group had a positive effect on handgrip skills. In both groups, an increase was observed in the physical fitness parameters, including 4x10 running performance, height, weight, and long jump skills. It was found that the intervention applied to the experimental group significantly affected the ability to perceive spatial relationships in preschool children. Additionally, the results indicated that the intervention carried out in the experimental group further improved children's visual memory, hand-eye coordination, and fine motor skills.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a 10-week movement training program and exergame applications on the visual perception and hand-eye coordination skills of children attending preschool. The population of the study consists of students in preschool education. The sample includes 32 students studying at a kindergarten affiliated with the Ministry of National Education in Bursa. In the study, a personal information form containing the student's name, age, date of birth, parent's name, and contact information was used to obtain the demographic information of the student. The Preschool Physical Fitness (PREFIT) Test Battery, which was validated and tested for reliability by Sanchez and colleagues (2016), was used to measure and evaluate the physical fitness of children in the preschool level.The Frostig Visual Perception Test, developed by Frostig (1961) and adapted into Turkish by Aral and Bütün (2016), was used to assess visual perception skills. Additionally, the Gesell Developmental Test, organized by Arnold Gesell and validated by Evirgen et al. (2015), was used to measure the mental development levels of children. The normal distribution of the data was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk analysis. Independent Samples T-Test was used for comparisons between groups, and Paired T-Test was used for comparisons within groups. As a result of the analyses conducted, significant differences were found in favor of the experimental group in the 4x10 score. When examining the pre-test and post-test scores within the group and analyzing the sub-dimensions of the test, it was observed that there was a significant difference in handgrip skills in the experimental group compared to the control group. We can conclude that the intervention applied to the experimental group had a positive effect on handgrip skills. In both groups, an increase was observed in the physical fitness parameters, including 4x10 running performance, height, weight, and long jump skills. It was found that the intervention applied to the experimental group significantly affected the ability to perceive spatial relationships in preschool children. Additionally, the results indicated that the intervention carried out in the experimental group further improved children's visual memory, hand-eye coordination, and fine motor skills.
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Keywords
Dijital, Bilişsel, Exergame, Fiziksel aktivite, Hareket eğitimi, Digital, Cognitive, Physical activity, Movement training