The impact of taking Captopril sublingually on exercise test results and neurohormonal activity in people with stable angina pectoris.

Abstract

A prospective randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study was designed to investigate the effects of sublingual administration of captopril on the parameters of exercise test and neurohormonal activation in patients with stable angina pectoris. A total of 31 patients (28 male, 3 female; mean age 55.4 +/- 9.4 years) took part in the study. Coronary angiography and left ventriculography were performed in all cases and the patients were classified according to the ejection fraction (EF). Following sublingual placebo or 25 mg captopril, plasma levels of renin, angiotensin II, norepinephrine, and serum aldosterone levels were measured at rest and maximal exercise. test was performed. Hormone levels were remeasured immediately after the exercise. The same procedure was repeated the next day using captopril or placebo. Sublingual captopril administration increased the time to angina, the time to 1 mm ST depression, maximal exercise capacity, maximal exercise duration and decreased maximal ST depression, maximal systolic blood pressure, and maximal double product (p < 0.001-0.01). After the maximal exercise test following captopril, the % difference of angiotensin II, aldosterone, and norepinephrine levels was found to be significant lower and the % difference of the renin level was found to be significantly higher than those of placebo (p < 0.001). The effects of sublingual captopril on exercise parameters were additionally assessed in different left ventricular systolic function subgroups. The favorable effects were more prominent in cases with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. There were no adverse effects related to sublingual captopril use. As a result, sublingual administration of captopril improved the parameters of maximal exercise test and suppressed the neurohormonal activation during exercise. We suggest that sublingual captopril may be used effectively before planned daily activities in patients with stable angina pectoris.