The role of tumor-isolated exosomes on suppression of immune reactions and cancer progression: A systematic review.

Abstract

Exosomes are extracellular cells (EVs) emancipated by various cell types and are involved in cell-to-cell transmission. In cancer diseases, exosomes emerge as local and systemic cells to cell mediators of oncogenic information and play a significant role in the advancement of cancer through the horizontal transfer of various molecules, such as proteins and miRNAs. In this study, 66 articles from PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scopus were used as English sources. The biological distribution of cancer cell-derived exosomes in tumor tissue is an important factor in detecting their role in tumor increase; on the other hand, a limited number of studies have examined the biodistribution of exosomes in tumor tissues. While exosomes function as cancer biomarkers and support cancer treatment, we have a long way to improve the antitumor treatment of exosomes and develop exosome-based cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This review describes the science and significance of cancer pathogenesis and exosomes relative to cancer treatment resistance.