Person: AYTOĞU, GİZEM
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AYTOĞU
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GİZEM
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Publication High mortality rate of shipping fever cases in cattle caused by bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1)(Ankara Univ Press, 2022-01-01) Toker, Eda Baldan; TOKER, EDA BALDAN; Yesilbağ, Kadir; YEŞİLBAĞ, KADİR; Ateş, Özer; Kadiroğlu, Berfin; KADİROĞLU, BERFİN; Aytoğu, Gizem; AYTOĞU, GİZEM; Veteriner Fakültesi; Viroloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-2468-3945; 0000-0001-7676-9033; ABE-9974-2020; AAH-3493-2021This study reports the high prevalence and molecular characterization of BoHV-1 infection in imported cattle with respiratory system disease after international transport. A high mortality rate of 14.16% (51/360) was reported in a group of animals imported from Hungary to Turkey in 2019. A total of 17 samples were evaluated (3 lung tissue and 14 nasal swab samples) from 15 cattle aged 6 to 9 months not vaccinated against BoHV-1. Virus isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) procedures were performed within the scope of this study. By virus isolation in MDBK cells, cytopathologic effects was detected in 8 samples (3 lung tissue and 5 nasal swabs samples). The same eight samples were also found positive by BoHV-1 PCR targeting gC (UL44) gene region. According to the sequencing result, the sample (ID: 10054) dropped into a cluster of BoHV-1.1. The REA was applied to the samples to confirm the results of phylogenetic analysis. All of the isolates were identified in the subgroup BoHV-1.1 by REA. These results showed a high mortality risk for imported animals and the possibility for BoHV-1 entering the receiving country via imported animals after transport. This event is a serious problem both for the control of BoHV-1 as well as for animal health and welfare.Publication Pathogenicity assessment of a bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1l (bvdv-1l) strain in experimentally infected calves(Elsevier, 2023-12-27) Kadiroğlu, Berfin; Ateş, Özer; Aytoğu, Gizem; AYTOĞU, GİZEM; Yeşilbağ, Kadir; YEŞİLBAĞ, KADİR; Toker, Eda Baldan; Yaşar, Mevlüt; TOKER, EDA BALDAN; Veteriner Fakültesi; 0000-0003-2468-3945; AAH-3493-2021Bovine viral diarrhea is a widespread and economically important viral disease for livestock which can cause clinically diverse manifestations. The number of established BVDV subgenotypes has increased, not only the serological relationships of recently described subgenotypes but virulence and pathogenic characteristics have not yet been mostly elaborated. The dominant BVDV subgenotype in Turkiye was elaborated to be BVDV-1l, that involves more than half of field strains and there is no scientific data to identify the pathogenicity of this strain so far. This study investigated the pathogenicity of a selected field strain (TR-72) from subgenotype BVDV-1l. Experimental infection was implemented by intranasal inoculation of the strain TR-72 (10 x105.5) to four young calves which were previously not vaccinated and were free both for BVDV antibodies and antigens. Clinical changes as well as blood parameters, body temperature, and viremia were monitored for 14 days. Only mild clinical signs associated with respiratory signs of BVDV infection were observed. Detected clinical signs included nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, cough, fatigue, high rectal temperature reaching 40.7 celcius, and white blood cell counts depression started from the 2nd day and 40.4% decreased between the 12th and 14th days post-infection (poi). The presence of viremia was investigated by virus isolation, RT-PCR, and real-time RT-PCR from blood samples. The efficiency of experimental infection was established not only by observed clinical signs but also by virus isolation from blood leukocytes between the 5th and 8th days poi., virus detection was obtained by realtime PCR between the 3rd - 13th days poi. Besides, the recorded mild clinical signs, high fever, long duration of viremia , and high decrease in blood parameters obtained in this study, it was shown that the noncytopathogenic BVDV-1l strain TR-72 has a moderate virulence in naive cattle.Publication First isolation and molecular characterization of pseudorabies virus detected in Turkey(Springer, 2022-01-15) AYTOĞU, GİZEM; YAVAŞ, ÖZKAN; KADİROĞLU, BERFİN; TOKER, EDA BALDAN; YEŞİLBAĞ, KADİR; Ateş, Özer; ÖZYİĞİT, MUSA ÖZGÜR; Veteriner Fakültesi; Viroloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-2468-3945; 0000-0001-7676-9033; KHD-4075-2024; AAH-3493-2021; ABE-9974-2020Background Pigs are the main host species for the pseudorabies virus. It causes fatal encephalitis in many species, including humans. This article aims to report the first clinical case of pseudorabies as well as isolation and molecular characterization of the virus from a hunting dog in Bursa province, Turkey. Methods and results The dog shows clinical signs including pruritus and neurological signs such as stumbling and inability to stand up compatible with pseudorabies. The virus isolates were obtained from the supernatant of fresh tissue samples from the cerebellum, cornu ammonis, spleen, salivary gland, conjunctival swab, serum, and PBMC samples. The glycoprotein C region is targeted for viral DNA amplification. Pseudorabies virus genome detected both in fresh tissues and supernatants of third passage on Vero cells. The number of PCR positive samples was dramatically increased after cell culture inoculations. Genome sequencing of strain Bursa-10303, which was isolated from a non-endemic area, identified it to belong to clade A. Conclusions This study confirms the possible presence of pseudorabies infection in the wildlife reservoirs in Turkey. Future studies may clarify the importance of the infection in Turkey region, where there is no prevalent pig production.Publication Failure in dry period vaccination strategy for bovine viral diarrhea virus(Elsevier, 2020-07-10) Toker, Eda Baldan; Aytoğu, Gizem; Kadiroğlu, Berfin; Ateş, Özer; Yeşilbağ, Kadir; TOKER, EDA BALDAN; AYTOĞU, GİZEM; KADİROĞLU, BERFİN; Ateş, Özer; YEŞİLBAĞ, KADİR; Veteriner Fakültesi; Viroloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-2468-3945; 0000-0001-7676-9033; AAH-3493-2021; AAH-3875-2021; ABE-7662-2020; ABE-9974-2020; ELC-2891-2022Bovine viral diarrhea is a common disease of cattle and has significant impact on animal welfare worldwide. There are fundamental approaches i.e. elimination of persistently infected animals, vaccination and biosecurity measures for effective control and eradication of BVD virus (BVDV). By this study, the presence of persistent infection with divergent BVDV subgenotype in the calves in a dairy herd having regular vaccination program was investigated. In the herd, vaccinated with a killed whole virion trivalent vaccine (composed of BVDV-1a) during the dry period of the cows, abortion cases were existed in the late autumn 2019. During herd screening by BVDV antigen-ELISA, 2 out of 300 dams were detected positive. Following, by ear notch-based BVDV antigen-ELISA, 30 calves were detected positive. Confirmation of persistent BVDV infection was performed 3 weeks later by testing with antigen-ELISA, where 8 of 9 selected newborn calves were positive for the second time. The entire antigen-ELISA positive samples were subjected to virus isolation on MDBK cell culture and identified as non-cytopathogenic pestiviruses by indirect immunoperoxidase assay. Presence of pestivirus RNA was detected in the 8 isolates by panpestivirus RT-PCR. Analysis of the 5'UTR regions revealed that BVDV-1 r circulate in the herd. Results of this study lead to questioning the efficiency of dry period vaccination strategy against BVDV. But otherwise, vaccination with BVDV-1a can be inefficient for complete protection against BVDV-1 r. Therefore, serological relationship between mentioned subgenotypes or protection by current vaccines against latest field isolates needs to be investigated before development of new BVDV vaccine candidates.