Person: ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN
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ŞAHİN
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AHMET BİLGEHAN
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Publication Relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and proteinuria in patients with metabolic syndrome(Aves, 2014-12-01) Ayar, Yavuz; Atalay, Hande; Boyuk, Banu; Sayılar, Emel Işıktaş; Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Gömleksiz, Muhammet Rıdvan; Karaduman, Rıza; Çelebi, Aslan; Ayar, Yavuz; Sayılar, Emel Işıktaş; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; Gömleksiz, Muhammet Rıdvan; Karaduman, Rıza; Tıp Fakültesi; Nefroloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 000-0003-4607-9220; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0001-5434-8924; AGF-0767-2022; W-2575-2017; AAM-4927-2020; ABG-3512-2021; FDT-3405-2022Objective: This study aimed to find the relationship between intima-media thickness and proteinuria, which are early findings of atherosclerosis and renal failure in patients with metabolic syndrome.Methods: In our study, 63 patients with metabolic syndrome and 26 healthy subjects, as the control group, were involved. Both groups were over 40 years old in the study. In both groups, carotid intima-media thickness was measured with B-mode ultrasonography. All biochemical data were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Overall, 61.9% of patients were women; 38.1% of them were men. Also, 61.54% of the control group was female; 38.46% of them were men. Carotid intima-media thickness, level of glucose, urea, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), retinopathy (p<0.001), age (p=0.017), triglyceride (p=0.022), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (p=0.029), proteinuria (p=0.035), abdominal circumference (p=0.006), body mass index (BMI) (p=0.047), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (p=0.013) were significantly higher in patients with metabolic syndrome.Conclusion: In the patients with metabolic syndrome, carotid intima-media thickness and proteinuria are precursors of atherosclerosis. These findings are important predictions for the development of type II diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and chronic kidney disease.Publication Factors influencing lymphocel development after kidney transplantation: Single center experience(Oxford University Press, 2015-05-01) Sayılar, Emel Işıktaş; Ersoy, Alparslan; Ayar, Yavuz; Aydın, Mehmet Fethullah; Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Coşkun, Burhan; Kaygısız, Onur; Yıldız, Abdulmecit; Kordan, Yakup; Vuruşkan, Hakan; SAYILAR, EMEL IŞIKTAŞ; ERSOY, ALPARSLAN; AYAR, YAVUZ; AYDIN, MEHMET FETHULLAH; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; COŞKUN, BURHAN; KAYGISIZ, ONUR; YILDIZ, ABDULMECİT; KORDAN, YAKUP; VURUŞKAN, HAKAN; 0000-0003-4607-9220; 0000-0002-5665-7402; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0002-8242-9921; 0000-0002-9790-7295; 0000-0002-9947-848X; 0000-0002-0710-0923; AAH-5054-2021; O-9948-2015; L-9439-2019; JCO-5169-2023; AAH-9704-2021; AGF-0767-2022; AAJ-8220-2020; AAM-4927-2020; GSE-0029-2022; W-2575-2017; AAM-9726-2020; HIG-9032-2022; GAF-0095-2022; EFH-9523-2022Publication Prognostic value of estrogen receptors in patients who underwent prostatectomy for non-metastatic prostate cancer(Spandidos Publ Ltd, 2023-02-01) Aydın, Yavuz Mert; Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Dölek, Rabia; Vuruşkan, Berna Aytaç; Ocakoğlu, Gökhan; Vuruşkan, Hakan; Yavaşçaoğlu, İsmet; Coşkun, Burhan; AYDIN, YAVUZ MERT; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; DÖLEK, RABİA; AYTAÇ VURUŞKAN, BERNA; OCAKOĞLU, GÖKHAN; VURUŞKAN, HAKAN; YAVAŞCAOĞLU, İSMET; COŞKUN, BURHAN; Tıp Fakültesi; Tıbbi Onkoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-6287-6767; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0002-1114-6051; 0000-0002-8242-9921; AAH-9704-2021; AFP-3055-2022; HSH-9815-2023; JCO-5169-2023; AAH-5180-2021; AAM-4927-2020; EEJ-1452-2022; EFH-9523-2022; EIN-0828-2022Estrogen receptors in prostate cancer (PCa) are a subject of debate. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) and estrogen receptor-beta (ER beta) impact the biochemical recurrence (BCR) of non-metastatic PCa after surgery. Following the application of the exclusion criteria, data from 108 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy between January 2011 and December 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 36 patients with BCR constituted the BCR group. The control group was formed using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method with a 1:2 ratio, including parameters with well-studied effects on BCR. The median follow-up time was 74.3 (range, 30-127.5) months in the BCR group and 66.6 (range, 31.5-130) months in the control group. Pathology specimens from the two groups were immunohistochemically stained with ER alpha and ER beta antibodies. Logistic regression analysis and survival analysis were performed. No differences in clinicopathological characteristics were detected between the two groups. The patients with ER alpha(-)/ER beta(+) staining results had a significantly fewer BCRs than other patients (P=0.024). In the logistic regression analysis, patients with ER alpha(-)/ER beta(+) PCa also had a significantly lower risk of recurrence (P=0.048). In the survival analysis, the 5-year BCR-free survival rate of patients with ER alpha(-)/ER beta(+) PCa was higher than that of other patients (85.7 vs. 66.1%; P=0.031). Excluding the effects of well-studied risk factors for recurrence by the PSM method, the present study showed that ER alpha and ER beta have prognostic value for non-metastatic PCa. The 5-year BCR-free survival rate is significantly higher in patients whose PCa tissue has ER alpha(-)/ER beta(+) staining results.Publication Trastuzumab ± capecitabine maintenance after the first-line treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer: Retrospective observational real-life data of Turkish oncology group(Springer, 2021-01-24) Gürbüz, Mustafa; Akkuş, Erman; Sakin, Abdullah; Urvay, Semiha; Demiray, Atike Gökçen; Şahin, Süleyman; Sakalar, Teoman; Erol, Cihan; Şendur, Mehmet Ali Nahit; Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Çubukcu, Erdem; Guven, Deniz Can; Kılıçkap, Saadettin; Ergün, Yakup; Uncu, Doğan; Turhal, Nazim Serdar; Uskent, Necdet; Çınkır, Havva Yeşil; Demir, Atakan; Acar, Ramazan; Karadurmuş, Nuri; Türker, Sema; Altınbaş, Mustafa; Karaoğlan, Mert; Şenler, Filiz Çay; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; ÇUBUKÇU, ERDEM; Tıp Fakültesi; Tıbbi Onkoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-7846-0870 ; 0000-0002-0070-0889; AAM-4927-2020 ; JGT-4101-2023Purpose In the ToGA trial for HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer, cisplatin plus fluoropyrimidine was given for 6 cycles; trastuzumab was given until disease progression. However, there is a lack of real-life data about trastuzumab maintenance after 6 cycle chemotherapy. This study aims to present real-life data of trastuzumab +/- capecitabine maintenance after 6 cycles of platinum, fluoropyrimidine, and trastuzumab in non-progressive patients. Methods This is a retrospective multicenter study of the Turkish Oncology Group. A total of 35 HER2-positive, inoperable locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma patients being non-progressive at the end of 6 cycle chemotherapy and being given trastuzumab +/- capecitabine as maintenance treatment were included from sixteen oncology centers. Baseline characteristics, objective tumor responses, progression free and overall survival data, and toxicities were determined. Results About 68% of the patients were given CF, and 32% were given FOLFOX with trastuzumab as the first-line treatment. The best response in 6 cycle chemotherapy was complete 8 (22%), partial 24 (68%), and stable disease 3 (8%). All patients had trastuzumab maintenance (median cycle 13; range 7-51), and 49% of the patients had capecitabine with trastuzumab (median capecitabine cycle 6; range 2-30). The median PFS of the patients was 12.0 months (95% CI 10.3-13.7), and median OS was 17.4 months (95% CI 15.2-19.5). There were 2 patients with grade 1 cardiotoxicity. Conclusion Trastuzumab maintenance +/- capecitabine after 6 cycles of trastuzumab plus combined chemotherapy treatment revealed efficacy and safety in non-progressive HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer.Publication Adrenocortical carcinoma: Single center experience(Aves, 2017-12-01) Şişman, Pınar; Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Peynirci, Hande; Cander, Soner; Gül, Özen Öz; Ertürk, Erdinç; Ersoy, Canan; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; CANDER, SONER; ÖZ GÜL, ÖZEN; ERTÜRK, ERDİNÇ; ERSOY, CANAN; Tıp Fakültesi; Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-7846-0870; AAI-1005-2021; AAH-8861-2021; AAJ-6536-2021; HUR-0563-2023; AAM-4927-2020Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma is an aggressive endocrine malignancy with an annual incidence of 0.5-2 cases per million. The most important factors that determine prognosis are tumor stage at the time of diagnosis and the success of surgery. However, advanced age, large tumor size, hormone secretion, high Ki-67 index (>10%), tumor necrosis and high mitotic activity are other factors associated with poor prognosis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the contribution of the patient and treatment-related factors to the prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma.Material and methods: We included 15 adrenocortical carcinoma patients who were followed in our center between 2005 and 2015. The effects of age, gender, tumor size, type of operation, postoperative resection status and adjuvant treatment on disease-free survival and overall survival were analyzed.Results: Disease-free survival was 23.32+/-3.69 months and overall survival was 36.60+/-10.78 months. Gender, tumor size, tumor stage, type of operation, hormonal activity, presence of necrosis, recurrence and development of metastasis were not found to be associated with disease-free survival and overall survival (p>0.05). Postoperatively applied adjuvant treatments including mitotane, chemotherapy and radiotherapy did not significantly affect disease-free survival in our study, but statistically significant increase in overall survival was observed in patients getting adjuvant treatments (p=0.006).Conclusion: Adrenocortical carcinoma has poor prognosis and short overall survival, and in its clinical course, recurrence and development of metastasis can be commonly observed even after complete resection of the tumor. Therefore, the patients should be evaluated carefully while determining the surgical procedure during the preoperative period, and the operation and post-operative follow-up should be performed in experienced centers. However, due to the positive effects of adjuvant treatments on survival, all patients should be evaluated postoperatively for the necessity of adjuvant treatments, especially mitotane.Publication The ki-67 proliferation index predicts recurrence-free survival in patients with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(Assoc Basic Medical Sci Federation Bosnia & Herzegovina Sarajevo, 2021-01-01) Tanriverdi, Ozgur; Ozsen, Mine; ÖZŞEN, MİNE; Deligonul, Adem; DELİGÖNÜL, ADEM; Yazici, Serkan; YAZİCİ, SERKAN; Cetintas, Sibel Kahraman; Yalcinkaya, Ulviye; YALÇINKAYA, ÜLVİYE; Sahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; Orhan, Sibel Oyucu; OYUCU ORHAN, SİBEL; Ocak, Birol; OCAK, BİROL; Evrensel, Turkkan; EVRENSEL, TÜRKKAN; Kahveci, Ramazan; KAHVECİ, RAMAZAN; Cubukcu, Erdem; ÇUBUKÇU, ERDEM; Tıp Fakültesi; Onkoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-6407-0962; 0000-0002-5771-7649; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0002-0598-7284; 0000-0001-7537-1699; AAJ-8314-2021; AEC-2238-2022; AAM-4927-2020; M-2172-2015Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon soft tissue sarcoma that originates from the dermis or subcutaneous tissue in the skin. While its prognosis is generally favorable, disease recurrence is relatively frequent. Since morbidity after repeated surgery may be significant, an optimized prediction of recurrence-free survival (RFS) has the potential to improve current management strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the Ki-67 proliferation index with respect to RFS in patients with DFSP We retrospectively analyzed data from 45 patients with DFSP. We calculated the Ki-67 proliferation index as the percentage of immunostained nuclei among the total number of tumor cell nuclei regardless of the intensity of immunostaining. We constructed univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models to identify predictors of RFS. Among the 45 patients included in the study, 8 developed local recurrences and 2 had lung metastases (median follow-up: 95.o months; range: 5.2-412.4 months). The RFS rates at 60, 120, and 240 months of follow-up were 83.8%, 76.2%, and 65.3%, respectively. The median Ki-67 proliferation index was 14%. Notably, we identified the Ki-67 proliferation index as the only independent predictor for RFS in multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis (hazard ratio = 1.106, 95% confidence interval = 1.019-1.200, p = 0.016). In summary, our results highlight the potential usefulness of the Ki-67 proliferation index for facilitating the identification of patients with DFSP at a higher risk of developing disease recurrences.Publication Platin-based chemotherapy does not improve survival in patients with non-metastatic resected typical carcinoid tumors(Spandidos Publ Ltd, 2022-10-01) Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Melek, Hüseyin; Ocak, Birol; Oyucu Orhan, Sibel; Erkan, Buket; Caner, Burcu; Deligönül, Adem; Çubukcu, Erdem; Bayram, Ahmet Sami; Akyıldız, Elif Ülker; Evrensel, Türkkan; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; MELEK, HÜSEYİN; OCAK, BİROL; OYUCU ORHAN, SİBEL; ERKAN ÖZMARASALI, BUKET; CANER, BURCU; DELİGÖNÜL, ADEM; ÇUBUKÇU, ERDEM; BAYRAM, AHMET SAMİ; AKYILDIZ, ELİF ÜLKER; EVRENSEL, TÜRKKAN; Tıp Fakültesi; Tıbbi Onkoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0003-0684-0900; 0000-0003-1822-8153; 0000-0001-8217-3471; 0000-0003-1591-3323; AAM-4927-2020; AAI-5039-2021; AEC-2238-2022; AAJ-8314-2021; CPN-8681-2022; HJH-6371-2023; ESM-4544-2022; ETP-1691-2022; ABB-7580-2020; ELN-4128-2022; EXZ-0745-2022Chemotherapy is controversial in non-metastatic typical carcinoid (TC) tumors. Therefore, it was aimed to evaluate the impact of platin-based chemotherapy on the survival of patients with lung TC. The medical records of patients who underwent surgical resection for non-metastatic TC from 2002 to 2020 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Multivariate regression analysis was performed for chemotherapy and prognostic factors in disease-free survival (DFS) in 72 patients. The pathological stages of patients were as follows: 73.6% of the patients were in stage I, 15.3% in stage II and 11.1% in stage III. A total of 5 patients (6.9%) received platin-based chemotherapy and 6 patients (8.3%) had recurrences. The DFS rates at 12, 36 and 60 months were 98.5, 95.1 and 92.5%, respectively. Log-rank testing showed that patients who received chemotherapy and had stage III disease had shorter DFS (P=0.021 for chemotherapy and P<0.001 for stage). However, multivariate analysis revealed that the pathological stage was the only statistically significant factor affecting DFS (P=0.016). Platin-based chemotherapy did not improve DFS, and the eighth edition of TNM (tumor, nodes, metastases) staging did have prognostic value for patients with non-metastatic TC. Although resection has satisfying long-term outcomes, studies on new agents are needed to decrease the recurrence rate, particularly in patients with stage III disease.Publication Chemo-immunotherapy with atezolizumab in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer; single-center experience(Akad Doktorlar Yayınevi, 2020-01-01) Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Çubukcu, Erdem; Ocak, Birol; Deligönül, Adem; Kaçan, Turgut; Orhan, Sibel Oyucu; Evrensel, Türkkan; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; ÇUBUKÇU, ERDEM; OCAK, BİROL; DELİGÖNÜL, ADEM; OYUCU ORHAN, SİBEL; EVRENSEL, TÜRKKAN; Tıp Fakültesi; Tıbbi Onkoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0001-7537-1699; 0000-0001-8217-3471; 0000-0002-9732-5340; AAJ-8314-2021; AAJ-1027-2021; AAM-4927-2020; ETP-1691-2022; HHA-1866-2022; ESM-4544-2022Chemo-immunotherapy (CIT) with platin, etoposide and monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1/PDL-1 pathway has recently improved survival in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) after decades. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of CIT with atezolizumab in extensive-stage SCLC in chemotherapy naive patients. Eleven patients who were treated and followed in our center were included in this retrospective observational study. All the patients received carboplatin, etoposide and atezolizumab in the induction phase and atezolizumab in the maintenance phase. The Kaplan-Meier test was used to determine progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and the effects of the sites of metastasis were analyzed using the log-rank test. The median age was 69.9 years, and 81.8% were male. The median number of CIT and total atezolizumab cycles was 4 and 7, respectively. 63.6% received maintenance therapy. Median PFS was 5.2 months (95% CI: 3.4-6.9), and median OS was 11.3 months (95% CI: 1.0-21.5). The overall response rate was 63.6%. There was no significant difference between patients with and without liver metastasis in terms of PFS and OS. We observed toxicity higher than grade 2 in more than half of the patients, and hematological toxicities were prominent. CIT with carboplatin, etoposide and atezolizumab is efficient and safe in extensive-stage SCLC considering the PFS, OS, response rates, 12-month survival rate, and side effects. The progression of liver lesions was remarkable. Cranial and thoracic radiation are issues that should be discussed in the future with data from clinical studies.Publication Chemotherapy plus radiotherapy vs . radiotherapy alone in high-risk endometrioid endometrial carcinoma(Verduci Publisher, 2022-01-01) Ocak, B.; Şahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; Abakay, Candan Demiröz; DEMİRÖZ ABAKAY, CANDAN; Çubukçu, Erdem; ÇUBUKÇU, ERDEM; Deligönül, Adem; DELİGÖNÜL, ADEM; Caner, Burcu; CANER, BURCU; Evrensel, Türkkan; EVRENSEL, TÜRKKAN; Özerkan, Kemal; ÖZERKAN, KEMAL; DAKİKİ KORUCU, BAHAR; İşlek, G.; Tıp Fakültesi; Onkoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0001-9255-2475; AAM-4927-2020; ABA-2897-2021OBJECTIVE: Adding chemo-therapy to radiotherapy in patients with high-risk endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) remains controversial, particularly in stages I-II. We aimed to investigate the effect of treat-ment modalities on survival in high-risk EEC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with high-risk EEC were evaluated retrospectively between 2010 and 2019. Patients who did not re-ceive adjuvant treatment were excluded. We in-cluded seventy patients and formed two groups: patients who received radiotherapy (RT) alone and those who received chemotherapy and ra-diotherapy (CT and RT). RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 60.3 months (8.0-143.5). 38.5% of the patients had relapsed. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 97. 1%, 68.3% , and 60.8% at 12-, 36-, and 60-month, respectively. Overall survival rates were 97.1%, 80.6%, and 72.6% at 12-, 36-, and 60-month, respectively. Hematological adverse events and neuropathy were more common in the CT and RT group than in the RT group. Multi-variate Cox regression analysis for RFS revealed that the FIGO stage and treatment modalities were statistically independent factors (p=0.031 and p=0.040, respectively). Stage stratified log-rank test revealed that adding chemotherapy im-proved RFS in patients with stage III (p=0.020) but not in stage I-II disease (p=0.725). The num-ber of chemotherapy cycles administered (<= 4 vs. > 4) did not affect survival in all patients and stage III disease (p=0.497, and p=0.436, respec-tively). CONCLUSIONS: Adding chemotherapy to radiotherapy may be considered in high-risk stage III EEC. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal duration of chemother-apy.Publication The impact of ki-67 index, squamous differentiation, and several clinicopathologic parameters on the recurrence of low and intermediate-risk endometrial cancer(Assoc Basic Medical Sci Federation Bosnia & Herzegovina Sarajevo, 2021-01-01) Ocak, Birol; Atalay, Fatma Oz; Sahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; Ozsen, Mine; Dakiki, Bahar; Ture, Seray; Mesohorli, Merve; Odman, Hikmet Utku; Tanriverdi, Ozgur; Ocakoglu, Gokhan; Bayrak, Mehmet; Ozan, Hakan; Demiroz, Candan; Sali, Seda; Orhan, Sibel Oyucu; Deligönül, Adem; Çubukcu, Erdem; Evrensel, Turkkan; Ocak, Birol; OCAK, BİROL; Sahin, Ahmet Bilgehan; ŞAHİN, AHMET BİLGEHAN; Atalay, Fatma Oz; ÖZ ATALAY, FATMA; Ozsen, Mine; ÖZŞEN, MİNE; Dakiki, Bahar; DAKİKİ KORUCU, BAHAR; Ture, Seray; TÜRE AYDIN, SERAY; Mesohorli, Merve; Odman, Hikmet Utku; Ocakoglu, Gokhan; OCAKOĞLU, GÖKHAN; Bayrak, Mehmet; Ozan, Hakan; OZAN, HAKAN; Demiroz, Candan; DEMİRÖZ ABAKAY, CANDAN; Sali, Seda; SALİ, SEDA; Orhan, Sibel Oyucu; OYUCU ORHAN, SİBEL; Deligonul, Adem; DELİGÖNÜL, ADEM; Cubukcu, Erdem; ÇUBUKÇU, ERDEM; Evrensel, Turkkan; EVRENSEL, TÜRKKAN; Tıp Fakültesi; Onkoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-7537-1699; 0000-0002-7188-6115; 0000-0002-7846-0870; 0000-0002-5771-7649; 0000-0001-9255-2475; 0000-0002-1114-6051; 0000-0003-1600-333X; AEC-2238-2022; ABA-2897-2021; AAH-5180-2021; AAM-4927-2020; AAJ-8314-2021Endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC) represents approximately 75-80% of endometrial carcinoma cases. Three hundred and thirty-six patients with EEC followed-up in the authors' medical center between 2010 and 2018 were included in our study. Two hundred and seventy-two low and intermediate EEC patients were identified using the European Society for Medical Oncology criteria and confirmed by histopathological examination. Recurrence was reported in 17 of these patients. The study group consisted of patients with relapse. A control group of 51 patients was formed at a ratio of 3:1 according to age, stage, and grade, similar to that in the study group. Of the 17 patients with recurrent disease, 13 patients (76.5%) were Stage 1A, and 4 patients (23.5%) were Stage 1B. No significant difference was found in age, stage, and grade between the case and control groups (p > 0.05). Body mass index, parity, tumor size, lower uterine segment involvement, squamous differentiation (SqD), and Ki-67 index with p<0.25 in the univariate logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariate analysis. Ki-67 was statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.018); however, there was no statistical significance in SqD and other parameters. Our data suggest that the Ki-67 index rather than SqD needs to be assessed for recurrence in patients with low- and intermediate-risk EEC.
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