2013 Cilt 7 Sayı 19

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/16995

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Bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-03-20) Dindar, Efsun; Olcay, Fatma; Şağban, Topaç; Başkaya, Hüseyin Savaş; Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi; Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü
Environmental pollution with petroleum and petrochemical products has attracted much attention in recent decades. Contamination of the natural environment with oil derivatives causes soil, including arable land, to degrade, while the occurrence of many spots and areas of contamination may result in underground environments. This has been shown to have harmful effects on the environment and human beings at large. Improving our knowledge of the effects and remediation of oil-related pollution therefore is important for the future of developing countries with respect to the sustainable use of the environment. Bioremediation is one of the most popular remediation technologies in use due to the relatively low cost. It is a rapidly developing field of environmental restoration, utilizing natural microbial activity to reduce the concentration and/or toxicity of various chemical substances such as petroleum products and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Biodegradation is a natural process carried out by soil and aquatic microorganisms, mostly bacteria and fungi. Certain bacterial strains have a demonstrated ability to break down or transform the chemical substances present in petroleum products. The goal of oil-spill bioremediation methods is to provide favorable conditions of oxygen, temperature and nutrients to maximize biological hydrocarbon breakdown. This paper is a short overview of petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation and bioremediation.
The first attempt to rear olive leaf moth [(Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)] on artificial diet
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-02-28) Yılmaz, Çiğdem; Genç, Hanife
The olive leaf moth, Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) is an important pest in olive orchards. To facilitate planning of pest management strategies, it is important to develop an artifical diet for laboratory rearing. Several artifical diets previously developed to rear lepidopteran larvae were tested in this study. The artifical diet developed for Spodoptera spp. based on pinto bean, wheat germ and torula yeast was the most adequate diet to rear P. unionalis among the diets tested. Addition of host plant material in the artificial diet showed no positive effect on larval growth and survival. The larval and pupal recovery was similar for artificial diets as well as for its natural food, olive leaves. The diet is nutritionally suitable to rear olive leaf moth in the laboratory.
In vitro micropropagation of aloe vera-impacts of plant growth regulators, media and type of explants
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-01-24) Abdi, Gholamreza; Hedayat, Mohammad; Modarresi, Mohammad
Aloe vera is an important medicinal perennial herb belonging to the family liliaceae. A method for mass propagation of Aloe vera by using different explants and different media with different PGR contain has been developed. Two type of explants (with and without sheath Type A and B respectively) were cultured on MS, B5 and SH media supplemented with different combination of different NAA with BA and Kin for Shoot induction. Highest rate of shoot induction observed in MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and 4 mg l-1 BA in type A explants. Also, the highest shoot proliferation response obtained successfully by using MS medium containing 4 mg l-1 BA. The optimal rooting response was observed on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg l-1 NAA, on which 100% of the regenerated shoots developed roots with an average of 7.8 roots per shoot within 3 weeks. The plantlets were acclimatized and transferred to greenhouse with 95% success. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation as well as mass propagation of this medicinal plant.
Is HACCP a difficult food safety system to implement?
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-02-07) Sözen, Beyza Ulusoy; Hecer, Canan; Karacabey Meslek Yüksekokulu; Gıda Teknolojisi Bölümü
HACCP system is a very important food safety tool that most countries throughout the world try to implement and make pressure for its adoption. The food safety literature demonstrates that a successful HACCP system involves a complex mix of managerial, organizational and technical hurdles. Even the largest food companies, equipped with important resources, technical specialists and management skills, may face difficult challenges implementing an HACCP system. These difficulties or barriers vary from country to country or from business sector to business sector. Some may be due to internal factors in a business' operations, like the knowledge level or available resources for the business. Others may be related to external factors, such as the accessibility of government or industry support. In the present study; implementation of the HACCP system globally and in our country was evaluated, challenges of the sector were faced on the basis of the main branches of the sector. With the aim of that, world literature was gathered and we seek to understand its implementation barriers of HACCP system.
Physiological and metabolic changes during the transition period and the use of calcium propionate for prevention or treatment of hypocalcemia and ketosis in periparturient cows
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-05-09) Kara, Çağdaş; Veteriner Fakültesi; Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı
The transition from late gestation to early lactation is regarded as the most critical period of the production cycle in dairy cows. Most of metabolic disorders and infectious diseases occur during the transition period because of metabolic and physiological changes, metabolic stress of pregnancy, calving and lactation, a sudden and marked increase of nutrient requirements for milk production and a lack of dry matter intake. Milk fever, subclinical hypocalcemia, ketosis, fatty liver syndrome, retained fetal membranes, metritis, mastitis and displaced abomasum primarily affect dairy cows during this period. Calcium propionate, as a source of both calcium and energy, has been used for preventing or treating hypocalcemia and ketosis in dairy cows. In this review, different administration ways of calcium propionate in transition dairy cows were summarized and efficacy of calcium propionate in prevention or treatment of metabolic disorders was evaluated.
Phytotoxic effect of quizalofop-p-ethyl on soybean (glycine max l.)
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-07-02) Aksoy, Özlem; Deveci, Asuman; Kızılırmak, Sibel; Akdeniz, Gülseren Billur
In this study, phytotoxic effects of phenoxy herbicide Quizalofop-P-Ethyl (QPE, ethyl (R)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2- quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy] propionate) in Glycine max L. was investigated. The effective concentration (EC50) value was determined as approximately 0.4 M. Morphological and anatomical experiments were carried out using QPE concentrations of 0.4 M (EC50) and 0.8 M (EC50x2) on 5th and 10th days, by a control for each combination. QPE concentrations were applied with spraying method in 2-3 leaf stage. The phytotoxic effects were determined by morphological and anatomical experiments. Root and seedling growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and seedling and leaf anatomy were identified. QPE exposure significantly reduced the amount of carotenoid and chlorophyll b pigments except of chlorophyll a in all treatment. Parallel to the increase in concentrations of QPE, there was a reduction in root and seedling length and also the lengths of the anatomical parts of seedlings were changed when compared with the control group. It is vital to confirm that the usage of QPE should be subject to control since it might have a toxic effect on farmers who applied the herbicide and humans who consumed the plant.
Removal of acute toxicity with ozonation in textile plant waste water
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-01-29) İleri, Saadet; Karaer, Feza; Mimarlık ve Mühendislik Fakültesi; Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü
Textile industry is one of the most common and essential sector in the world. The textile industry consumes large quantities of water at its different steps of dyeing and finishing, among other processes. The non-biodegradable nature of dyes and their stability toward light and oxidizing agents complicate the selection of a suitable method for their removal. Moreover, toxicity bioassays have demonstrated that most of them are toxic. The acute toxicity of waste water of textile plant was investigated using Daphnia magna (water fleas) and ozonation. In this study, samples were taken from a cotton textile plant in Bursa at the first stage, the treatment was made by ozonation and then the toxicity tests were performed. In ozonation, the appropriate pH, dosage of ozone (O3) and ozonation time were determined. In toxicity tests, monitoring of toxicity were made at different dilution rates using Daphnia magna both in treated water with ozonation and in wastewater. The acute toxicity scale LD50 (Lethal Dose) values were determined as 50 % in waste water and 90 % in water treated with ozonation. As a result, it can be concluded that ozonation demonstrated a positive contribution to the removal of acute toxicity in textile wastewaters

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