1988 Cilt 7 Sayı 1-2-3

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/31984

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Antelmintik uygulanmış merinos koyunlarında bazı hematolojik bulgular
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Yaman, Kemalettin; Tınar, Recep; Cengiz, Fahrünisa; Veteriner Fakültesi
In this study 45 Merino ewes, naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Fasciola spp., Paramphistomum spp., and gastro-intestinal nematodes were used. At the beginning of the study fecal egg counts were made in order to state the severity of helmint infection then the animals were homogenously divided into three equal groups. The first group was kept as a control, second group received Vermadax (50 ml/kg thiophanate + 5.6 mg/kg brotianide) and third group received Nilzan (15 mg/kg tetramisole + -15 mg/kg oxyclozanide) orally. At the beginning and in the end of the study, blood samples of the groups taken into EDTA containing tubes were tested and following values; 8.58-8.88, 8.77-9.20, 9.17-9.41 g/100 ml for hemoglobin, 29.57-28.71, 31.14-30.42, 31.85- 30.85, per cent for hematocrit; 8.31-8.56, 8.23-9.03, 8.36-8.76x106/mm3 for red blood cell counts; 9.55-9.94, 8.72-12.24, 8.30-10.05x103/mm3 for white blood cell counts; 735-581, 469-516, 372-435/mm3 for eosinophil counts; 18.57-19.28, 18.00-17.71, 18.85-17.85, 35.57-37.85,35.71-34.42,35.57-35.14, 120.57,115.28, 114.85 mm for sedimentation rates tested for 1, 2 and 24 hours were obtained respectively. It was concluded that, Vermadax and Nilzan were highly effective on helmin ts but made no important change in blood parameters.
Besi danalarında ortalama karkas ve parça et verimi üzerinde araştırmalar
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Berker, Aşkın; Veteriner Fakültesi
In this study, the average body weights, skin, bone weight percentages and the loses due to freezing, the total loses, boneless meat, visceral organs and the meat percentages obtained from 34 fattening calves belonging to our pilot fattening unit of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Uludağ University, and were scientifically and statistically evaluated by us at the Department of Food Hygen and Technology of the same faculty. They were slaughtered at the Meat Plant of the Meat and Fish Processing Center in Bursa, and were cooled and cut into desired pieces for marketing. The average body weights of carcasses was 305.47 kg, the bone weights 54.2 kg., the whole skin weight was 46.5 kg, the freezing lose was 1.39 %, the bone proportion over the slaughtering weights 18.36 %, the boneless meat performance 43.70 %, the proportion of visceral organ weight over the body weight 34.24 %, and the sum of the processing loses was 3.07 %. The percentages of products like ground meat, cube cuts, steak, rosto, weal chups, contrfilet and file mignon were 36.66, 16.66, 11.26, 1.35, 2.61, 2.25 and 1.62 percent respectively.
Farelerde oluşturulan i̇mmunosuppresi̇f etki̇ ile kanlarındaki vitamin A ve Beta-karoten düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiler üzeri̇nde bir araştırma
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Mert, Nihat; Kahraman, Mustafa; Oğan, Canan; Şeker, Ayşin; Veteriner Fakültesi; Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Eighty white mice were divided equally into 4 groups. Group I unvaccinated controls, Group II vaccinated controls Group III. experimental group receiving 400 mg/lt. nitriate and Group IV. experimental group receiving 400/lt. intriate in drinking water. All mice except the group I were vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus, Hitchner B1 strain subcutaneously. Three times repeatedly every other day. Serum samples for each group of mice were obtained from the blood pooled of each group were examined for the amount of vitamin A and Beta-caroten and for the immunosuppresive effect of nitrite and nitrate on the mice. All of the three parameters were found to be decreased, in groups of mice receivied nitrite and nitrate canpating the other groups. Amounts of Beta-caroten were measured as 5.236 3.336, 1.428 and 0.952 mgr/100 ml. in groups I, ll, III and IV respectively. Vitamin A values were high in group I and II (46.74) and 47.64) and were 28.38 and 21.98 mg/ml in 100 ml/serum in groups III and IV. HI titres were determined as 2-² , 2-⁶ and 2-⁵ and 2-⁴ indicating lower titers in the experimental groups.
Hayvan yetiştiriciliğinde antibiyotik kullanımının insan sağlığına etkisi
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Minbay, Ahmet; Erdinç, Hüseyin; Berker, Aşkın; Veteriner Fakültesi; Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı
Today, one of the important problems concerning public health is ensuring a balanced and adequate nutrition of the society. On the one hand, it is necessary to increase the production of food in order to feed the society in a sufficient and balanced way, and on the other hand, it is necessary to ensure that nutrients are delivered to the consumer in healthy conditions. The fact that the foods consumed are reliable in terms of human health is among the most striking news all over the world and in our country. Food control and technology in the modern sense requires the detection of microorganism drug and toxic substance residues, which are likely to be present in foodstuffs, on routine examinations. In this article, the usage purposes of antibiotics used especially in the breeding of livestock and the effect of this use on human health will be emphasized. Antibiotics, as a general definition, are substances that are formed by a microorganism and prevent them from harming animal and human health by killing other microorganisms or preventing their reproduction. Antibiotics give successful results in the treatment of many infectious diseases of animals and humans, which are primarily caused by bacterial factors. In recent years, antibiotics that are successful in the treatment of parasitic, fungal and viral infections have been obtained in addition to bacterial infections. The drugs to be used in the treatment of infectious diseases in humans and animals, directly affecting the disease agent, and not harming the health of the treated person or animal is a feature that is primarily sought. The first successful, specific effective substance in the history of medicine was a synthetic organic compound containing arsenic, which was introduced as the "magic bullet" by Paul Ehrlich at the beginning of the 20th century. Although this compound, which is effective in the treatment of syphilis and other spirochetal infections, is promising, it could not deliver what was desired due to its side effects. In the 1940s, the period of use of antibiotics against many infectious diseases affecting human and animal health began and with this period, the possibility of more effective control and treatment of infectious diseases was born. Discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929, penicillin was started to be produced for commercial purposes in the 1940s and the first antibiotic that gave successful results in the treatment of various infectious diseases was found. Intense research has been done on antibiotics in the period that has passed until today. As a result of these studies, many new antibiotics have been found and they have found wide application areas in the treatment of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic diseases of humans and animals, infectious diseases, prevention and growth accelerators in animals.
İneklerde çeşitli hormonlarla yapılan süperovulasyon çalışmaları
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Ünal, E. Fatih; Veteriner Fakültesi
FSH, PMSG and Syncromate-B (SMB) with PMSG were used the treatment of 12 Simmental cattle for superovulation. Better responses were obtained when FSH, rather than PMSG, was used regardless of whether they were administered alone of combined with SMB. The use of PMSG + SMB significantly decreased the number of corpus luteum present at the time of embryo collection 7 days after insemination, as compared with other treatment regimens. Consequently, a significant lower number of ova was found in those animals treated with PMSG + SMB. As a result of that, the use of SMB combined either with PMSG or FSH resulted in poorer responses than when either gonadotrophin was used alone.
Bir inekte rastlanan acroteriasis congenita vakası
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Ünal, E. Fatih; Veteriner Fakültesi
We observed an acroteriasis syndrom in a calf after dystocia cases.
Kangal çoban köpeğinde bilateral entropion olgusu
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Görgül, O. Sacit; Seyrek, Deniz; Veteriner Fakültesi
Bilaterally conjunctivitis, epiphora, erythema and excoriatio round of the eyelids and entropion on the lower eyelids has been observed on the one year old Kangal nativ sheepdog (Karabaş). All of these clinical findings has been observed by his owner in the first month its life. The dog has been treated with topikal medical theraphy due to these findings. But hasn't been taken succesfully result. Thereupon, "Pinch" operation technique was performed and the dog was treated operativelly and succesfully result has been achived.
Köpeklerin coronaviral enfeksiyonu
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Batmaz, Hasan; Veteriner Fakültesi; İç Hastalıkları Bilim Dalı
Coronavirus infection occurs together with diarrhea, vomiting and sudden death in dogs, espically in puppies. It is highly common in the world, although its mortality is low. We have the opinion that since this disease has symptoms which are similar like other diseases and it can not be diagnosed with certainity, it occurs covertly in our country.
Koyunlarda nematod ve trematod enfeksiyonlarına albendazol'ün etkisi̇
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Tınar, Recep; Coşkun, Şevki Ziya; Doğan, Hüsrev; Demir, Semra; Akyol, Volkan Ç.; Veteriner Fakültesi; Parazitoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Albendazole at the doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg of body weight were tested against the natural infections with Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Paramphistomum spp., Ostertagia spp., Nematodirus spp., Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Chabertia ovina and Trichuris spp. in merino sheep. Results were evaluated according to both egg counts reductions in per gram feces and necropsy findings. Percent reductions of fecal egg counts in Fasciola and gastrointestinal nematode infections were 33.1 % and 98.5 % at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg, and 49.7 % and 99 % at 5 mg/kg, and 98.7 and 100% at 10 mg/kg respectively. At the necropcies, Albendazole at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg were 60.2 %, 71. 8 % and 97.4 % effective against Fasciola spp. respectively. Activity against gastrointestinal nematodes varied between 99.2-100% at the doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg. Albendazole was completely (100 %) effective against adult gastrointestinal nematodes at 10 mg/kg. No side effects were observed at any doses administred. Albendazole showed relatively poor activity against D. dendtiticum and Paramphistomid parasites.
Musculus adductor ve musculus graci̇li̇s'i̇n sığır karkaslarında cinsiyet tayininde kullanılması
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Bahadır, Ali; Şen, M. K. Cem; Veteriner Fakültesi
In this study adductor and gracilis muscles of 46 male and 42 female cattle were examined. The sections were made one or two centimeters away the pelvic synphysis; to show the cut surfaces of the muscles. ln females the cut surface of the adductor muscle was bean or wide-crescent shaped. In males the same surfaces was almost triangular in shape. But these criteria were not enough to identify correctly the help of the other sex identifing specialities. However, the cut surface of gracilis muscle was not even observable in must cases.
Nitrat ve nitrit'in immunosuppresif olarak etkilediği farelerde fekal germ sayıları üzerinde bi̇r araştırma
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Kahraman, Mustafa; Çarlı, Tayfun; Tayyar, Mustafa; Veteriner Fakültesi
A month-old, sixty Swiss mice were divided into three equal groups. First group was untreated controls, as the second group received Nitrite (0.4 gr/lt) in their drinking water. The third group being treated with Nitrate (0.4 gr/lt) they were immunosuppressed for ten months. By the end of this ten month treatment period, all three groups were ND vaccinated for three times, a day apart (New Castle Hitchner B1 virus). The vaccine dose was ten times of normal vaccination dosage. Fecal bacterial counts were taken from samples collected at the end of every month for ten times. Fifteen days after the third vaccination, the blood samples were obtained to run the HI tests. The blood samples were pooled for each group and the sera were used to compare the resulting HI values between immunoactive and immunosuppressed animals. The total fecal bacterial counts did not show any variation in the first group, while the immunosuppressed groups (2 and 3) demonstrated a gradual decrease. The HI titers were similarly affected and the immunosuppressed animals showed a gradual declining comparing with the first untreated control group. The HI titer of the first group was 2-⁶ , while nitrite group had a titer of 2-⁵ and the nitrate group had a titer of 2-⁴.
Nitrat ve nitrit'in immunosuppresif olarak etkiledikleri farelerde bazı biyolojik değişiklikler üzerinde araştırmalar II. bazı doku ve organlarda gözlenen histopatolojik değişiklikler
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Kahraman, Mustafa; Ertürk, Erdoğan; Özkula, Mihriban; Sönmez, Gürsel; Veteriner Fakültesi; Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Eighty Swiss mice divided into 4 equal groupı as follow: Group I Negative controls (nonvaccinated with Newcastle Disease vaccine and did not receive any additional treatment); Group. Il was consisted of 20 mice that received ND vaccine only; Group III had 20 mice that were ND vaccinated and drunk nitrite water (0.4 gr/lt) and the last group IV, had equal number of mice that were immunostimulated with ND vaccination and was additionally treated with nitrate in their drinking water (0.4 gr./lt) for a period of 26 weeks. Three mice randomly selected from each group were used to obtain blood samples and histopathological evaluations by the termination. The respective HI tilers for groups were 2-², 2-⁶, 2-⁵ and 2-⁴.The second group (vaccinated controls) being highest and followed by the third and the fourth groups showed moderate severe to lymphoid hyperplasia in thymus, peripheral lymph nodes and payer patches observed by light microscopy. In some cases, as the result of this severe lymphoid response, some mononuclear cell infiltrations into kidney, liver and even into the lungs were detected. The strength of hyperplasia and resulting infiltrations were in agreement with the immunosuppressive potential of nitrate and nitrite administered in drinking water.
Normal ve aflatoksin verilmiş piliçlerde hematolojik araştırmalar
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Yaman, Kemalettin; Yakışık, Mine; Cengiz, Fahrünisa; Veteriner Fakültesi
In this study, the effect of Aflatoxin B1 on some blood parameters in young chicks was investigated. Blood samples taken from 30 chicks were used as a research material. Animals were divided into two equal groups (control and test). Chicks in test group received aflatoxin B1 (5 microgram/chick/day) with drinking water for two months. The results obtained in control and test groups were 26-24.8 %for hematocrit, 2.21-1.97x106 /mm3 for red blood cell count, 21.41-18.19x103 /mm3 for white blood cell count and 57.25-63.08, 86.00-92.83,138.66-142.58 mm for sedimentation rate tested in 1, 2, 24 hours respectively.
Salamura beyaz peynirlerde olgunlaşma sırasında görülen mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal değişiklikler
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Berker, Aşkın; Veteriner Fakültesi
In this study, during the 90 days of ripening period, the microbiological and chemical changes occurred in white cheeses prepared under practical conditions were investigated microbiological and chemical analysis were made on the samples taken on 1, 7, 15, 30, 90 th days of ripening period. The counts for total microorganism were found to be decreased from 1.8x10⁸ to 1x10⁷ germs/g, for coliforms from 1.6x10⁷ to 4x10⁵ germs/g during the 90 days of ripening. During the same period the counts of fungus did not change markedly (5.7x10³ - 5x10³). The range of pH changed from 5.1 to 4.9. The amount of ıalt and fat was determined as 4.25%- 4.31 % and 20 % - 20.68 % respectively. Acidity changed from 0.59% to 0.88 %. Relative humidity was determined as 54.33 % - 54.92. Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella species was not isolated from any of the samples examined.
Sığırlarda patolojik yatışlar
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Görgül, O. Sacit; Veteriner Fakültesi; Cerrahi Ana Bilim Dalı
The pathological recumbency is a more important problem in the cattle practice. In this report is given to aetiology, pathogenesis, examination, diagnosis and treatment of a sick animal.
Sığırlarda perikarditis ve myokarditis traumatika'nın ayırıcı tanısında serum protein elektroforezinin önemi üzerine deneysel araştırmalar (II)
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Batmaz, Hasan; Veteriner Fakültesi
In this research, it was investigated whether there was any significance of serum protein electrophoresis in the differential diagnosis of traumatic pericarditis and myocarditis in cattle. The amount of total protein was determined by the biüre method and serum protein electrophoresis by the cellulose acetate method in the serum of the animals which came to our clinic and clinically normal cattle. The degenerutions were examined on the pericards and myocards of the 8 animals having traumatic pericarditis-myocarditis which were sent to slaughter. As a conclusion, it was observed that serum protein electrophoresis was not significant in the differential diagnosis of pericarditis and myocarditis.
Sığırlarda perikarditis ve myokarditis traumatika'nın ayırıcı tanısında sgot ve ldh enzim düzeylerinin önemi üzerine deneysel araştırmalar (I)
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Batmaz, Hasan; Veteriner Fakültesi
In this study, the significance of SGOT and LDH enzyme levels in the differential diagnosis of traumatic pericarditis and myocarditis in the cattle were investigated. For this purpose, SGOT was determined by modified "Reitman-Frankel" method and LDH by modified "Cabaud-Wroblewski" method in plasma of 8 cattle which are suspected to have traumatic pericarditis and 12 clinically normal cattle. The degenerations were examined on the pericards and myocards of the animals which were sent to slaughter. It was determined that in the cases of traumatic pericarditis SGOT was 111.75 ± 12.73 U/ml. and LDH was 3100 ± 32.46 U/ml. respectively, and in the cases of traumatic myocarditis the former was 170.25 ± 14.50 U/ ml. and the latter was 5310 ± 352.27 U/ml. As a conclusion, it was observed that SGOT and LDH might be significant in the differential diagnosis of pericarditis and myocarditis.
Sığırlarda tırnak bakımı ve ayak hastalıkları sebep ve sonuç ilişkileri̇
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Görgül, O. Sacit; Veteriner Fakültesi
Between 1983-1986, 105 cattle (Holstein 73, Swiss Braun 26, Jersey 1, Nature breed 2 and cross breed 3) were referred in the Department of Surgery of the Veterinary Faculty. Purposes of this study was investigate and classified of the digital deformities and digital diseases. Also, the role of hoof care and hoof trimming (Chiropody) in the etiology of the digital diseases were investigate. Digital deformities and diseases were found totally 175 claws (at the front 8 and hind 167) (in lateral 135, medial 32). In the 85 claws were seen only digital deformities. However, in the 90 claws were observed deformities and different digital diseases due to occur deformities. These disorders were much more observed in the hind claws than front. Classification of the deformities and diseases as follows: Splay toes in 10 (6 %) and due to occur Limax 4 (4.4 %), owergrown claw in 48 (28.7 %) and due to occur bruised sole and bulb 15 (16.7 %), osteonecrose of the 111. Phalanx (caries) 3 (3.3 %), pododermatitis aseptica circumscripta 7 (7.B %), Splay toes and doppel sole in 41 (24.5 %), and due to occur bruised bulb, heel erosion 11 (12.2 %), sole ulcer (Rusterholz's syndrom) 4 (4.4 %), white line disease 8 (8.9 %), Corkscrew claw in 34 (20.4 %) and due to occur pododermatitis purulenta 7 (7.8 %), traumatic wall ulcer 10 (11.1 %), necrosis of the M. flex. dig. prof. 5 (5.6 %), supf, sole ulcer 8 (8.9 %), scissor claw in 34 (20.4 %) and due to occur osteonecrosis of 111.Phalanx (rories) 2 (2.2 %), traumatic wall ulcer 6 (6.7 %). In the 90 (54 %) from totally 167 claws in the hind limb (lateral and medial) were found different diseases. As a conclusion, our study has shown that there was a important role of the digital deformities and hoof care in the etiology of digital diseases.
Sığırların dengesiz ve düzensiz rasyonlarla semirtilmesi sırasında oluşan urolithiasis konusunda klinikopatolojik çalışma
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Mert, Nihat; Tanrıverdi, Meltem; Sönmez, Gürsel; Ertürk, Erdoğan; Veteriner Fakültesi
A sum of 25 young bulls (25 test end 8 controls) feeding on imbalanced ration (1,5 kg wheat Straw, 8 kg wheat bran perday) and 8 control animals from Uludağ University 's Veterinary Educational and Research Farm were comparitively studied. Test group animals were belonged to a public feeding unit (feed fot) located in a village nearby a large city where the university is trying to help and educate surrounding farmers. The imbalanced feeding was conducted in the villager's own barns, under usual conditions and lasted 4 months. Urolithiasis was detected macroscopically in 13 of 25 bulls. Urinary stones were multiple and varied in size, shape, color and weights. Blood urea, uric acid and total proteins together with the complete urine analysis were carried out and the differences between test and control animals were statistically significant (Total protein p < 0.001, urea and uric acid p < 0.05). Histopathological examination of kidneys of urolithiasis observed bulls demonstrated some urinary stones in the pelvis and subacute to chronic glomerulonephritis in their renal cortex.
Sterilizasyon
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 1988) Kahraman, Mustafa; Veteriner Fakültesi; Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Herhangi kullanılacak bir maddenin veya yiyeceğin mikropsuz hale getirilmesine STERİLİZASYON denilir. Bunu dezenfeksiyon ile karıştırmamak gerekir. Dezenfeksiyon bulaşık bir maddenin mikroplarını öldürmek için kimyasal vasıtalarla yapılan işlemdir.

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