Browsing by Author "Turhan, Ece"
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Item The activity of antioxidative enzymes in three strawberry cultivars related to salt-stress tolerance(Springer, 2008-03) Turhan, Ece; Gülen, Hatice; Eriş, Atilla; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 0000-0003-0991-3802; AAH-3180-2020; 6506689126; 6603211102; 6602612385Effects of salt stress on the time course of stomatal behaviors and the activity of antioxidative enzymes such as catalase (CAT) (EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (EC 1.11.1.11), and glutathione reductase (GR) (EC. 1.6.4.2) were studied in three strawberry cultivars. The responses of the cultivars 'Camarosa', 'Tioga,' and 'Chandler' were compared when they were irrigated with nutrient solution containing 0, 8.5, 17.0, and 34.0 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) for 30 days. A significant reduction in stomatal conductance (g(s)) was seen particularly on the 30th day of the salt treatments only in Camarosa, which is parallel to transpiration rate (E). CAT activities decreased in all of the salt treatments only in Tioga, while it remained almost unchanged or slightly increased depending on the period in Camarosa and Chandler. APX activity sharply increased in 17.0 and 8.5-mM NaCl treatments for 30 days in Camarosa and Tioga, respectively, whereas it linearly increased based on the NaCl treatments in Chandler. On the other hand, only Camarosa demonstrated a sharp increase in GR activity induced by salinity applied for 30 days. All the data indicated that control of the stomatal behavior, the higher salt-stress tolerance (LT50) and higher constitutive activity of antioxidant enzymes made Camarosa and Tioga relatively salt-tolerant cultivars.Item Apoplastic antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of two strawberry cultivars and their relationship to cold-hardiness(Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2012) Turhan, Ece; Aydoğan, Çiğdem; Baykul, Ali; Akoğlu, Anıl; Evrenosoğlu, Yasemin; Ergin, Sergül; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 0000-0002-7720-5536; AAG-6558-2020; 39661052000In this study, apoplastic antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of two strawberry cultivars ('Aromas' and 'Diamante') and their relationship to cold-hardiness were investigated. Fully expanded, uniformly sized leaves from 1-year-old field plants of the cultivars were collected at the hardening (late autumn, in November and winter, in January) and de-hardening (summer, in July) stages. Leaf samples were exposed to low temperatures of 5, -5, -10, -20 and -30 degrees C for 12 h to determine their cold-hardiness (LT50; lethal temperature, where 50% of the plants were killed). Cold-acclimation produced a remarkable increase in cold-hardiness. It was found that Diamante had higher cold-hardiness than 'Aromas'. Moreover, malondialdehyde and total carotenoid content increased during the hardening stage and decreased during the de-hardening stage. The activities of catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase in the leaf apoplast and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity in the leaf tissue were correlated with changes in cold-hardiness. The activities of these enzymes were higher in the hardening stage than in the de-hardening stage. The activities of apoplastic catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase varied significantly depending on the cold-acclimation stage and the cold-hardiness level of the cultivars. This study indicates that elevated apoplastic antioxidative enzymes may be determinants of cold-hardiness in the strawberry plant. The lower malondialdehyde content and higher total carotenoid and apoplastic enzyme activities in 'Diamante' indicated an enhanced cold-hardiness capacity of this cultivar, serving to protect the plant from oxidative damage.Item Changes in peroxidase activities and soluble proteins in strawberry varieties under salt-stress(Springer Heidelberg, 2006) Turhan, Ece; Gülen, Hatice; Eriş, Atilla; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 6603211102; 6602612385Effects of salt stress on the activity of peroxidase (PRX) isozyme and leaf proteins were studied in the three strawberry varieties, Camarosa, Tioga and Chandler. Plants were watered with modified 1/3 Hoagland nutrient solution containing 0 (control), 8.5, 17.0 and 34.0 mM NaCl for 30 days following 20 days acclimation. PRX activity was assayed in leaf extracts and PRX profiles of control and salt treated plants were performed by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). During the salt stress Tioga and Camarosa tolerated the cellular damage with less electrolyte leakage while Chandler exhibited a severe cellular damage with the highest (87.5% in 34.0 mM NaCl treatment) electrolyte leakage. Total soluble protein content was decreased by salinity in Tioga (from 11.35 to 5.86 mg center dot g(-1) DW) and Chandler (from 9.35 to 3.90 mg center dot g(-1) DW) while it was almost unchanged in Camarosa. Salt stress increased total and specific PRX activity as compared with the control in all the varieties. In native PAGE, one basic isoperoxidase band (Rf=0.27) was observed commonly with different band intensity in all the treatments. Therefore, it might be associated with lignification and recovery of cell membrane damage in strawberry plants under salt stress.Item Changes of growth, amino acids, and ionic composition in strawberry plants under salt stress conditions(Taylor & Francis, 2009) Turhan, Ece; Eriş, Atilla; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 6602612385Seedlings of two strawberry cultivars 'Camarosa' and 'Chandler' were grown using perlite in a greenhouse for 20 days, and then plants were watered with nutrient solution containing 0, 8.5, 17.0, and 34.0mM sodium chloride (NaCl) for 6 months. Sodium chloride treatments generally reduced the leaf and root dry weight. Relative water content (RWC) of leaves was maintained despite the increased salt concentrations while loss of turgidity was increased by sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments in both cultivars. As the most variable amino acids, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine, proline, serine, and alanine were determined under salt stress in plants. Sodium chloride treatments generally increased sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) contents in all plant parts. The plants were able to maintain high potassium (K) levels in the aerial parts with the 8.5mM NaCl treatment. It can be concluded that 'Camarosa' has the ability to osmotic regulation. 'Chandler' also tolerates the salt injury at low salt concentrations.Item Changes of micronutrients, dry weight, and chlorophyll contents in strawberry plants under salt stress conditions(Taylor & Francis, 2005) Turhan, Ece; Eriş, Atilla; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.Various concentrations of NaCl (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L) were applied to plants of the "Camarosa" and "Tioga" strawberry varieties for 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment, it was determined that the leaf dry weight increased especially at 500 and 1000 mg/L NaCl treatments when compared to control treatment. However, salt applications did not change total chlorophyll content. With the salt applications, iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) content increased, while copper (Cu) content did not change in the aerial part of plants in both varieties. On the other hand, zinc (Zn) content increased in the "Tioga" strawberry variety. In the root part of plants, Fe, Zn, Mn and contents did Dot change according to salt applications in both strawberry varieties. However, 2000 mg/L NaCl of salt applications increased Cu content in the "Camarosa" strawberry variety significantly.Item Effects of antioxidant enzymes on heat stress tolerance of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2016) Turhan, Ece; Onus, A. N.; Gülen, Hatice; İpek, Ahmet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 0000-0001-7586-3108; AFW-5375-2022; AAK-4655-2021; 6603211102; 6603912487Pepper seedlings (Capsicum annuum L. 'Amazon' and 'Kekova') were grown for 4 weeks at 25/10 degrees C day/night temperatures in a greenhouse and watered on a needs basis avoiding any additional stress factors. Gradual and shock heat stress (GHS and SHS) were applied (from 35 up to 50 degrees C) to the plant in a growth chamber and then heat stress tolerance (HST) was estimated. During the heat treatments, the activities of ROS producing enzyme, NADPH oxidase and ROS scavenging enzymes, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were measured besides leaf relative water content (RWC) and loss of turgidity. Leaf RWC decreased gradually from control to the highest temperature, while loss of turgidity increased in both heat stress types. Under GHS, HST (LT50) was calculated as 47.1 degrees C for Amazon and 45.6 degrees C for 'Kekova'. On the other hand with SHS, HST for 'Amazon' and 'Kekova' were determined as 47.4 and 42.8 degrees C, respectively. The results clearly show that the cultivar 'Amazon' is superior with respect to its antioxidant defence systems and should be more tolerant than 'Kekova' due to higher ROS-scavenging systems.Item Effects of different growing media on greenhouse lettuce grown in soilless culture(International Society Horticultural Science, 1998) Sevgican, Ayten; Tüzel, Y.; Bailey, B. J.; Smith, A. R.; Burrage, S. W.; Gül, A.; Tuncay, O.; Turhan, Ece; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; AAH-3180-2020; 6506689126In this research, the effects of different growing media on lettuce production were investigated. Eight media made from the following materials perlite, pumice, fine sawdust, ground pine (Pinus brutia) bark and mixtures of these materials (1:1) were used. Seedlings with 3-4 leaves were transplanted in 4-liter pots filled with these substrates on 20 December 1995 and watered with a complete nutrient solution. To consider the effects of media on lettuce growing up to a certain time, all the lettuces, regardless of real harvest time, were harvested on 8 March 1996.Item Effects of high temperature stress on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and proteins in strawberry plants(TÜBİTAK, 2016-12-03) Ergin, Sergül; Gülen, Hatice; Kesici, Müge; Turhan, Ece; Köksal, Nezihe; İpek, Ahmet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 6603912487The mechanism of tolerance to high temperatures was investigated in two strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) cultivars, 'Redlands Hope' ('R. Hope', heat tolerant) and 'Cal. Giant 3' ('CG3', heat sensitive). Leaves were collected from plants that were exposed to gradual heat stress and heat-shock stress separately. The contents of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) and the activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (EC 1.11.1.11), catalase (CAT) (EC 1.11.1.6), and glutathione reductase (GR) (EC. 1.6.4.2) were measured followed by heat treatments. Additionally, proline content was determined, and heat shock proteins (HSPs) were analyzed with an immunoblotting method to investigate protein markers involved in the heat-stress tolerance of strawberry plants. The contents of AsA and GSH did not change depending on heat stress type, temperatures, or cultivars. While APX and CAT activities increased with high temperatures, GR activity was almost unchanged. The proline content of the cultivars increased in both treatments. Anti-HSP60 immunoblots revealed that a 23 kDa polypeptide was detected during the heat acclimation of strawberry cultivars. The intensity of the heat shock protein in 'R. Hope' plants was more than in 'CG3' plants. Thus, the accumulation of 23 kDa heat shock protein was correlated with the heat tolerance of the cultivars. In conclusion, strawberry leaf tissues of 'R. Hope' were found to enhance the structural stability of cellular membranes under high temperature by increasing both the activity of such enzymes as CAT and APX to activate the antioxidative systems and the expression of 23 kDa HSP.Item The effects of NaCl pre-treatments on salt tolerance of melons grown under long-term salinity(Elsevier, 2005-11-01) Sivritepe, H. Özkan; Sivritepe, Nuray; Eriş, Atilla; Turhan, Ece; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 0000-0002-0093-9785; 0000-0003-0991-3802; AAH-3249-2020; AAH-3180-2020The response of melon (Cucumis melo) plants to long-term salinity was investigated to determine the availability of the NaCl pre-treatments (seed priming + seedling conditioning) as an interesting strategy for increasing the salt tolerance. Seeds of melon cultivars "Hasanbey" and "Kirkagac" were primed with 18 dS m(-1) NaCl solution for 3 days at 20 degrees C. During emergence and seedling growth, non-primed seeds were irrigated with local irrigation water (EC: 0.3 dS m(-1)) whereas primed groups were treated with 9.0 dS m(-1) saline solution for 35 days. Seedlings derived from pre-treated (P) and non-pre-treated (NP) groups were transplanted to 8 1 pots. After transplanting, salinity treatments were started with the first irrigation. The salinity treatments consisted of five levels (control, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5 and 18.0 dS m(-1)) of irrigation solution for a period of 90 days. NaCl pre-treatments diminished the inhibiting effect of salinity on growth of melon plants. However, competence for salt adaptation varied with cultivar and the level of salinity. The physiological response of the P plants was also maintained in the long-term. Stomatal conductance and relative chlorophyll content of P plants tended to be higher than those of the NP ones. In addition, NaCl pre-treatments enhanced K and Ca concentrations of leaves and stems, and prevented toxic effects of salinity because less Na accumulated in stems. These results suggest that the use of NaCl pre-treatments could be a useful strategy to increase the salt tolerance of melon plants in the long-term and also to permit the establishment of melon crop by direct sowing in a saline medium.Item Effects of sodium chloride applications and different growth media on ionic composition in strawberry plant(Taylor & Francis, 2004) Turhan, Ece; Eriş, Atilla; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 0000-0003-0991-3802; 6602612385The effects of salt (NaCl) applications of various concentrations (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L) for 10 weeks (69 days) on the morphologic properties and ionic composition of the "Camarosa" strawberry variety grown in perlite and perlite: zeolite (1:1) media were investigated. Injuries of varying severity appeared in the plants depending on the increase of NaCl concentration. At the end of the salt applications, in the aerial part of the plants, the amounts of sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) had generally increased, while the amount of potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) had decreased. In the roots of the plants, salt applications increased the amount of Na and Cl and decreased the amount of K and Mg; however, they did not change the amount of Ca and P. In addition, in the aerial parts of the plant, the amounts of Ca and Mg were higher in the perlite:zeolite (1:1) medium than in the perlite medium generally. It was observed that in the roots, the amount of K was higher in the perlite medium, whereas the amount of Mg was higher in the perlite: zeolite (1:1) medium. It was determined that 500, 1000, and 2000mg/L NaCl levels caused osmotic effects in the "Camarosa" strawberry variety. Moreover, they possess the ability to bring about osmotic regulation.Item Evaluation of nineteen potato cultivars for salt tolerance and determination of reliable parameters in tolerance(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2020-10-01) Aydoğan, Çiğdem; Turhan, EceThis investigation was aimed to explore the varietal differences in salinity tolerance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants by linking the overall salinity tolerance with changes in different morphological and physiological characteristics. Nineteen currently used potato cultivars were grown under controlled conditions in greenhouse at 25-18 (±2) °C (day/night), 70% relative humidity under non-saline and 5dS m-1 NaCl conditions for 90 days. For this purpose, tubers were planted in 14L pots, containing soil: peat: vermiculite (3:1:1). Salt treatment was started 1 week after all the seedlings where emerged. Salt stress tolerance of potato plants were determined with visual damage scale, cell membrane injury analysis and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, the indicator of lipid peroxidation. Leaf relative water content (RWC), loss of turgidity (LT) and total soluble protein (TSP) content were also examined. In addition, the protein profiles of leaf tissues of plants were evaluated by SDS-PAGE. In conclusion; among 19 potato cultivars evaluated cvs. Bettina, Challenger, Granola, Lady Claire, Musica and Orchestra were the most susceptible, cvs. Desiree and Russet Burbank were the most tolerant to salt stress. The data indicated that the low cell membrane injury and MDA content made cvs. Desiree and Russet Burbank relatively salt-tolerant cultivars. Besides, it is concluded that, visual damage scale and SDSPAGE protein profiles also could be used as biomarkers in salt stress tolerance of potato cultivars.Item Farklı ortamlarda yetiştirilen çileklerin tuza dayanıklılık fizyolojileri üzerine araştırmalar(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2002-08-13) Turhan, Ece; Eriş, Atilla; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı.Perlit ve perlitzeolit (1:1) ortamlarında değişik sürelerle (28, 69 ve 183 gün) farklı konsantrasyonlardaki (0, 500, 1000 ve 2000 mg/L NaCl) tuz uygulamalarının Camarosa, Tioga ve Chandler çilek çeşitlerinde bitki ve meyve özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri ile çeşitlerin tuza karşı reaksiyonları fizyolojik açıdan araştırılmıştır. Yapılan genel değerlendirmelere göre ortamlara, tuz konsantrasyonlarına ve süreleri ile çeşitlere bağlı olarak tuz uygulamalarının yaprak ve kök kuru ağırlığım azalttığı, bitkilerde farklı şiddetlerde zararlanmalara neden olduğu saptanmıştır. Aynı şekilde tuz uygulama süresinin artmasına bağlı olarak bitki canlılığının, meyve sayısının ve toplam verimin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. NaCl uygulamalarının yaprak oransal su kapsamım etkilemediği, turgor kaybım ve toplam klorofil miktarım arttırdığı saptanmıştır. Tuz uygulamaları sonucunda konsantrasyonlara, uygulama sürelerine ve çeşitlere bağlı olarak toplam protein ve toplam amino asit miktarlarında azalış veya artışlar olduğu gözlenmiştir. Uygulamalar sonunda en fazla değişime uğrayan amino asitlerin ise; prolin, aspartik asit, alanın ve glutamik asit olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerin toprak üstü organlarında, tuz uygulamaları sonucu Na, Cl, Fe ve Mn miktannm arttığı; K miktarının azaldığı; Ca, Mg, P, Zn ve Cu miktarının değişmediği belirlenmiştir. Toprak altı organlarda ise Na, Cl, Zn ve Cu miktarının arttığı; K ve Mg miktarının azaldığı; Ca, P, Fe ve Mn miktarının ise tuz uygulamalarından etkilenmediği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca tuz uygulamalarının bitkilerin farklı organlarında K:Na oranını azalttığı, Na:Ca oranım ise arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak tuz uygulamaları meyvede toplam şeker, titre edilebilir asit ve C vitamini miktarını arttırmış, meyve rengini iyileştirmiş; fakat meyve lezzeti artan tuz konsantrasyonu ile birlikte bozulmuştur. Camarosa ve Tioga çilek çeşitleri çoğu parametrede genellikle Chandler'a göre tuza daha dayanıklı bir karakter göstermiştir. Ayrıca perlitzeolit (1:1) ortamının, perlit ortamına oranla, bitkilerin tuza dayanıklılık performansları açısından daha olumlu sonuç verdiği gözlenmiştir.Item Growth and stomatal behaviour of two strawberry cultivars under long-term salinity stress(TÜBİTAK, 2007) Turhan, Ece; Eriş, Atilla; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bitki Koruma Bölümü.; 0000-0003-0991-3802; AAH-3180-2020Sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments were conducted on strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa cvs. Camarosa and Chandler) grown under greenhouse conditions. Modified Hoagland solution (one-third strength) containing 0 (control), 8.5, 17.0 and 34.0 mM NaCl was applied to the plants for 6 months. High NaCI concentrations caused serious reductions in growth parameters such as fresh weight (FW) of leaves, stems and roots, leaf area and the number of leaves. Addition of salt to the growth medium caused a reduction in stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (E) of Camarosa. Saline water up to 34 mM NaCI did not have any influence on Gs of Chandler. In addition, 34 mM NaCl treatment caused a marked increase in Gs and E of Chandler. On the other hand, leaf temperature (Ti) increased with salt treatments in both cultivars. We suggest that the reductions in stomatal conductance and transpiration rate represent adaptive mechanisms to cope with excessive salt in Camarosa. As it can relatively maintain its stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, Chandler also tolerates the salt injury at low salt concentrations. Considering the cultivars. Camarosa was characterised as more salt tolerant than Chandler under saline conditions.Item Heat-stress tolerance of some strawberry (fragaria × ananassa) cultivars(University Agricultural Science & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2013) Ergin, Sergül; Turhan, Ece; Köksal, Nezihe; Kesici, Müge; Gülen, Hatice; İpek, Ahmet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 0000-0001-7586-3108; ABD-6710-2020; AFW-5375-2022; 54412311700; 6603211102; 6603912487Physiological parameters were used to investigate genotypic variations in 15 strawberry cultivars ['Aromas', 'Camarosa', 'Carmine','Cal. Giant 3' (CG3), 'Cal. Giant 5' (CG5), 'Elsanta', 'Fern', 'Festival', 'Honeoye', 'Kabarla', 'Redlands Hope' (R.Hope), 'Ruby Gem', 'Selva', 'Sweet Charlie' and 'Whitney'] and their relationship to heat-stress tolerance (HST). Cold stored (frigo) strawberry seedlings were grown in pots for six weeks and then transferred to a growth chamber. The temperature in the growth chamber was increased stepwise from 35 to 40,45 and 50 degrees C to create a heat-stressed environment. Leaf relative water content (RWC), loss of turgidity and chlorophyll content were measured at each temperature. The 'Elsanta' and 'R.Hope' had the highest RWC, while the 'Festival' and 'CG3' had the lowest. However, 'Elsanta' and 'R.Hope' had the lowest loss of turgidity, while 'Festival' and 'CG3' had the highest. 'Elsanta' and 'R.Hope' showed the lowest chlorophyll content, and 'CG3' and 'Whitney' had the highest. To determine HST (LT50), leaf discs of each cultivar were exposed to 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 degrees C. A considerable decrease in the LT50 was observed with increasing temperature in all cultivars. The LT50 of the cultivars ranged from 51.8 to 52.9 degrees C. Based on the data collected, 'Elsanta', 'R. Hope' and 'Camarosa' were determined to be relatively heat-tolerant cultivars, while 'Whitney', 'Fern', 'Festival' and 'CG3' were heat-sensitive cultivars.Item Proteins in strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) under heat stress(Elsevier, 2012-09-23) Turhan, Ece; Köksal, Nezihe; Ergin, Sergül; Gülen, Hatice; İpek, Ahmet; Kesici, Müge; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; AAG-6558-2020; ABD-6710-2020Item Soluble sugars and sucrose-metabolizing enzymes related to cold acclimation of sweet cherry cultivars grafted on different rootstocks(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2012) Turhan, Ece; Ergin, Sergül; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü.; 0000-0002-7720-5536; AAG-6558-2020; 39661052000The bark tissues were collected from 4-year-old sweet cherry trees cvs. 0900 Ziraat and Lambert grafted on Gisela 5 and Mazzard rootstocks in cold-acclimated (CA) and nonacclimated (NA) stages. Bark tissues subjected to 4 degrees C and -5 degrees C injured to a limited extent in both stages. However, more than 50% injury occurred by temperatures equal to or colder than -15 degrees C only in NA period. Total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugars, and sucrose contents were higher in CA than those in NA stages in all samples. The activities of acid invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) and sucrose synthase (SS) (EC 2.4.2.13) enzymes were higher in NA stage than those in CA stage. Considering the rootstocks, reducing sugars were higher in both cultivars grafted on Gisela 5 whereas sucrose contents were higher in both cultivars grafted on Mazzard. However, the enzyme activities of both cultivars were higher on Mazzard rootstock than on Gisela 5. In conclusion, cold hardiness of sweet cherry graft combinations was suggested by increasing their TSS, reducing sugars, and sucrose contents significantly in the CA stage. Moreover, acid invertase and SS are down regulated during cold acclimation. Indeed the results suggested that Mazzard is more cold-hardy rootstock than Gisela 5.