Browsing by Author "Saka, Tolga"
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Item Difference in the magnitude of muscle damage between elbow flexors and knee extensors eccentric exercises(Journal Sports Science & Medicine, 2009-03) Saka, Tolga; Akova, Bedrettin; Yazıcı, Zeynep; Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; İlçöl, Yeşim Özarda; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/ Tıp Fakültesi/Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-1044-8805; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020; AAI-2303-2021; I-9594-2017; R-5044-2018; AAL-8873-2021; 6507563417; 6701668723; 8086677600; 7006025993; 35741320500The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in the magnitude of muscle damage between maximal eccentric exercises of the elbow flexors (EF) and knee extensors (KE). Twelve sedentary male volunteers participated in the study. Range of motion (ROM), isometric peak torque (IPT), delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase activity (CK), and myoglobin concentration (Mb) were evaluated before, immediately after, and on the 1(st), 2(nd), 3(rd), and 7(th) days following exercise. Total work (TW) during exercises was recorded and corrected by muscle volume (TWc). TWc was greater (p < 0.01) for EF [24 (2) joule.cm(-3)] than for KE [7 (0.4) joule.cm(-3)]. Increases in CK on the 2(nd), 3(rd), and 7(th) days (p < 0.01) and increases in Mb on the 1(st), 2(nd), 3(rd), and 7(th) days were significantly (p<0.01) larger for EF than for KE. The decline in IPT was greater (p < 0.05- 0.01) for EF at all test occasions compared with KE. The results of this study demonstrate that the magnitude of muscle damage is greater and the recovery is slower following maximal eccentric exercise of the EF than of the KE for sedentary males.Item Diz ekstansör ve dirsek fleksör kas gruplarının eksentrik karakterli egzersiz ile oluşturulan kas hasarı yanıtları(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2005) Saka, Tolga; Akova, Bedrettin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.Bu çalışma ile non-dominant üst ekstremite önkol fleksör ve alt ekstremite diz ekstansör kas gruplarının maksimal tipte eksentrik egzersiz sonrası oluşan kas hasarı yanıtlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya 22-30 yaşları arasında (ortalama 25±3) 12 sedanter erkek denek gönüllü olarak katıldı. Deneklerin her iki kas grubuna manyetik rezonans görüntüleme ile kas hacim, izometrik kuvvet, eklem hareket açıklığı ve kas çevre ölçümleri ön test olarak uygulandı. Egzersiz öncesi sübjektif ağrı skoru değerlendirildi ve kreatin kinaz (CK), aspartat transaminaz (AST), myoglobin ve lökosit kan düzeyleri için kan alındı. Egzersiz sonrası hemen, 1., 2., 3. ve 7. günlerde kan alımı, eklem hareket açıklığı, subjektif ağrı değerlendirilmesi, izometrik test ve kas çevre ölçümleri tekrarlandı. Sonuçların karşılaştırılmasında Wilcoxon eşleştirilmiş örneklem testi kullanıldı. CK, myoglobinin, AST ve lökosite ait egzersiz sonrası mutlak değerler incelendiğinde CK'ın 3. gündeki (p<0.05) ve myoglobinin egzersiz sonrası (p<0.05), 2. ve 3. günlerde ((p<0,01) diz ekstansörleri ile karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek idi. Diz ekstansörleri ile karşılaştırıldığında ön kol fleksörlerinin CK, myoglobin ve AST'a ait egzersiz sonrası kas hacmine oranlanmış fark değerleri; CK yanıtı tüm test dönemlerinde (p<0.05-0.01), myoglobinin hemen egzersiz sonrası (p<0,05), egzersiz sonrası 3. ve 7. günlerdeki (p<0,01) değerleri ve AST' ın egzersiz sonrası 3. ve 7. değerleri (sırası ile p‹0.01,p<0.05) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek idi. Egzersiz öncesine göre egzersiz sonrası CK ve myoglobinin yüzdesel değişim farkı egzersiz sonrası 3. günde önkol fleksörlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek saptandı (p<0,05). Diz ekstansörleri ile karşılaştırıldığında ön kol fleksör kas grubunun egzersiz öncesine göre egzersiz sonrası izometrik kas kuvvetindeki düşüş tüm dönemlerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı idi (p<0.05-0.01). Diz ekstansör kas grubuna oranla palpasyonla oluşturulan subjektif ağrı skorları, egzersiz sonrası 2. ve 3. günlerde önkol fleksörlerinde istatistiksel anlamlı yüksekti (p<0.05). Çevre ölçüm farkının egzersiz sonrası, 2. , 3. ve 7. günlerdeki ve ağrının başladığı eklem hareket açıklığı ile palpasyonla oluşturulan subjektif ağrı skorlarının 2. ve 3. günlerindeki yüzdesel değişimleri incelendiğinde, diz ekstansörlerine oranla önkol fleksör kas grubunda istatistiksel anlamlı yüksek değerler saptandı (p<0.05-0.01). Bu çalışma bulguları ışığında, önkol fleksör kas grubunun diz ekstansör kas grubuna oranla aynı egzersiz şiddetinde daha fazla kas hasar yanıtı sergilediği ve kas hacminin kas hasarı yanıtına ait sonuçları etkileyebileceği söylenebilir.Item Postural stability and functional capacity in recreational athletes with type 1 diabetes mellitus(TÜBİTAK, 2009-02) Saka, Tolga; Yıldız, Yavuz; Deniz, Ferhat; Hazneci, Bülent; Aydın, Taner; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAM-4348-2020; R-5044-2018; 8086677600Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate postural stability and functional capacity in recreational athletes with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1 DM) and to compare them with healthy recreational athletes. Materials and Methods: Sixteen recreational athletes with T1 DM (21.4 +/- 2.1 years of age, 174.3 +/- 7 cm height, 64.5 +/- 10.1 kg weight, 10.9 +/- 5.3 body fat percentage [BFP]) and 19 healthy recreational athletes (21.9 +/- 2.5 years of age, 173.1 +/- 5.2 cm height, 66.1 +/- 4 kg weight. 14.4 +/- 1.5 BFP) participated in this study. Postural stability was measured by using the one leg standing test (OLST) (static test) and single limb hopping course (SLHC) test (dynamic test). Functional capacity was evaluated by using the isokinetic muscle strength test, one-legged and triple-legged hop for distance tests, and six meter (6-m) and cross 6-m hop for time tests. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare mean values of the diabetic group (DG) with those of the control group (CG). Results: There was no difference between groups with regards to anthropometric data except in BFP (P < 0.01) and functional capacity tests (P > 0.05). OLST (P < 0.05) and SLHC tests (P < 0.01) were significantly lower in the DG. Conclusions: These results suggest that diabetic athletes have reduced postural stability.Item Reliability of a functional test battery evaluating functionality, proprioception and strength of the ankle joint(TÜBİTAK, 2009-02) Yıldız, Yavuz; Hazneci, Bülent; Örs, Fatih; Saka, Tolga; Aydın, Taner; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAM-4348-2020; R-5044-2018; 8086677600Aim: In contrast to the one-sided evaluation methods used in the past. combining multiple tests allows one to obtain a global assessment of the ankle joint. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy male volunteers participated in this study. One component of the test battery included five different functional ability tests, which included: single limb hopping course, one-legged and triple-legged hop for distance, and six-meter (6-m) and cross 6-m hop for time. Ankle joint position sense and one leg standing test were used for proprioceptive evaluation. Isokinetic strength of the ankle invertor and evertor muscles were evaluated at a velocity of 120 degrees/sec. Reliability of the test battery was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The ICCs for ankle functional and proprioceptive ability showed good to high reliability (ICC ranging from 0.89 to 0.98). Furthermore, isokinetic ankle joint inversion and eversion strength measurements represented good reliability (ICCs between 0.86-0.89). Conclusions: The functional test battery investigated in this study proved to be a reliable toot in the assessment of the ankle joints of healthy recreational athletes. Clinicians may use the information of the functional test battery to detect changes in ankle joint performance as a component of a screening evaluation.Item Reliability of a functional test battery evaluating functionality, proprioception, and strength in recreational athletes with functional ankle instability(Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2008-12) Örs, Fatih; Saka, Tolga; Yıldız, Yavuz; Hazneci, Bülent; Aydın, Taner; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAM-4348-2020; 8086677600Aim. In contrast to the single evaluation methods used in the past, the combination of multiple tests allows one to obtain a global assessment of the ankle joint. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of the different tests in a functional test battery. Methods. Twenty-four male recreational athletes with unilateral functional ankle instability (FAI) were recruited for this study. One component of the test battery included five different functional ability tests. These tests included a single limb hopping course, single-legged and triple-legged hop for distance, and six and cross six meter hop for time. The ankle joint position sense and one leg standing test were used for evaluation of proprioception and sensorimotor control. The isokinetic strengths of the ankle invertor and evertor muscles were evaluated at a velocity of 120 degrees/s. The reliability of the test battery was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Each subject was tested two times, with an interval of 3-5 days between the test sessions. Results. The ICCs for ankle functional and proprioceptive ability showed high reliability (ICCs ranging from 0.94 to 0.98). Additionally, isokinetic ankle joint inversion and eversion strength measurements represented good to high reliability (ICCs between 0.82 and 0.98). Conclusion. The functional test battery investigated in this study proved to be a reliable tool for the assessment of athletes with functional ankle instability. Therefore, clinicians may obtain reliable information from the functional test battery during the assessment of ankle joint performance in patients with functional ankle instability.Publication The effects of basketball and soccer training on arterial stiffness(Soc Brasileira Med Esporte, 2021-01-01) Saka, Tolga; Dogan, Ali; Akkurt, Soner; Karakus, Mehmet; Sekir, Ufuk; ŞEKİR, UFUK; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAM-4348-2020Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine arterial stiffness in elite basketball and soccer athletes by pulse wave velocity. Methods: The cohort comprised 35 healthy male volunteers aged 17 to 26 years. All the subjects were either basketball players (n=9), soccer players (n=12) or sedentary controls (n=14). Arterial stiffness was measured by the Pulse Trace System (Micro Medical Ltd., Rochester, UK) and echocardiographic images were taken using a commercially available machine (Vivid 7 GE-Vingmed, Horten, Norway) with a 2.5 MHz transducer. Results: The basketball players had significantly higher heights and body weights as compared to both the soccer players and the controls. The aortic elastic properties derived from the echocardiographic measurements did not differ between the groups. The peripheral pulse wave velocity measurements showed significantly lower values both in the basketball and soccer players compared to the controls, whereas the central pulse wave velocity measurement was significantly lower only in the basketball players as compared to the controls. No significant difference was seen between the basketball and soccer players. Conclusions: The results of this study show that football and basketball exercises comprised of aerobic, anaerobic, endurance balance-coordination and sport-specific training play a role in reducing arterial stiffness.