Browsing by Author "Duell, Meghan E."
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Item Determination of acute oral toxicity of flumethrin in honey bees(Oxford University Press, 2012-12) Hranitz, John M.; Duell, Meghan E.; Oruç, Hasan Hüseyin; Sorucu, Ali; Çakmak, İbrahim; Aydın, Levent; Orman, Abdülkadir; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Arıcılığı Geliştirme-Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mustafakemalpaşa Meslek Yüksekokulu.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zooteknik Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9138-4422; 0000-0002-5399-2395; AAG-9134-2021; AAH-2558-2021; AAI-2212-2021; 55944769400; 55236493200; 57207796431; 55808198600; 24335834100Flumethrin is one of many pesticides used for the control and treatment of varroatosis in honey bees and for the control of mosquitoes and ticks in the environment. For the control of varroatosis, flumethrin is applied to hives formulated as a plastic strip for several weeks. During this time, honey bees are treated topically with flumethrin, and hive products may accumulate the pesticide. Honey bees may indirectly ingest flumethrin through hygienic behaviors during the application period and receive low doses of flumethrin through comb wax remodeling after the application period. The goal of our study was to determine the acute oral toxicity of flumethrin and observe the acute effects on motor coordination in honey bees (Apis mellifera anatoliaca). Six doses (between 0.125 and 4.000 mu g per bee) in a geometric series were studied. The acute oral LD50 of flumethrin was determined to be 0.527 and 0.178 mu g per bee (n = 210, 95% CI) for 24 and 48 h, respectively. Orally administered flumethrin is highly toxic to honey bees. Oral flumethrin disrupted the motor coordination of honey bees. Honey bees that ingested flumethrin exhibited convulsions in the antennae, legs, and wings at low doses. At higher doses, partial and total paralysis in the antennae, legs, wings, proboscises, bodies, and twitches in the antennae and legs were observed.Item Feature positive and feature negative learning in honey bees(Oxford University, 2011-03) Pendergraft, LomaJohn T.; Albers, Leah M. Bates; Duell, Meghan E.; Zuniga, Edier; Abramson, Charles, I.; Barthell, John F.; Hranitz, J. M.; Wells, Harrington; Çakmak, İbrahim; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.Item Feature-positive and feature-negative learning in honey bees(Company Biologists, 2012-09-10) Abramson, Charles I.; Duell, Meghan E.; Bates-Albers, Leah M.; Zuniga, Enoc M.; Pendegraft, Loma; Barnett, Amanda; Cowo, Carmen L.; Warren, Joshua J.; Albritton-Ford, Aaron C.; Wells, Harrington; Çakmak, İbrahim; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mustafakemalpaşa Meslek Yüksekokulu/Arıcılık Araştırma Merkezi.; AAH-2558-2021; 57207796431Honey bees (Apis mellifera anatolica) were subjected to sequential trials where they were given the choice between a featurepositive and a feature-negative feeding plate. The 'feature' being manipulated is the presence of a single blue circle among three circles marking the location of a small sucrose reward. That is, a 'feature-negative' target had three white circles, while a 'featurepositive' target had two white circles and one blue one. Two experiments were performed. In both experiments, each bee was tested under two different reward scenarios (treatments). In the first experiment, during the feature-positive treatment bees received 4 μl of 2 mol l-1 sucrose when choosing the feature-positive plate, but received 4 μl of saturated NaCl solution (saltwater) when choosing the feature-negative plate. During the feature-negative treatment, bees were rewarded when visiting the featurenegative plate, while visitation to the feature-positive plate only offered bees the saltwater. The second experiment was a repeat of the first except that pure water was offered instead of saltwater in the non-rewarding feeding plate. As an experimental control, a set of bees was offered sequential trials where both the feature-positive and feature-negative plates offered the sucrose reward. Bee feeding plate choice differed between the feature-positive and feature-negative treatments in both experiments. Bees favored the feeding plate type with the sucrose reward in each treatment, and never consumed the saltwater or pure water when encountered in either treatment. Further, behavior of bees during both the feature-positive and feature-negative treatments differed from that of control bees. However, neither feature-positive nor feature-negative learning reached high levels of success. Further, a feature-positive effect was seen when pure water was offered; bees learned to solve the feature-positive problem more rapidly. When we tested bees using simply the choice of blue versus white targets, where one color held the sucrose reward and the other the saltwater, a bee's fidelity to the color offering the sucrose reward quickly reached very high levels.Item Lethal and subethal effects of flumethrin (VAROSTOPA (R)) on the anatolian honey bee in the republic of Turkey(Oxford University, 2011-02) Duell, Meghan E.; Apted, Trent; Hall, N.; Albers, Leah M. Bates; Pendergraft, LomaJohn T.; Zuniga, Edier; Sorucu, Ali; Abramson, Charles, I; Barthell, John F.; Wells, Harrington; Hranitz, John M.; İkizoğlu, Didem; Selova, Semih; Aydın, Levent; Çakmak, İbrahim; Oruç, Hasan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veterinerlik Fakültesi/Veterinerlik Parazitolojisi Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-5399-2395; AAI-2212-2021