Browsing by Author "Canbolat, Önder"

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Bazı baklagil kaba yemlerinin İn vitro gaz üretimi, metabolik enerji, organik madde sindirimi ve mikrobiyal protein üretimlerinin karşılaştırılması
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-09-16) Canbolat, Önder; Kara, Hüseyin; Filya, İsmail; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.
Bu çalışmada, yonca (Medicago sativa L.), adi fiğ (Vicia sativa L.), bezelye (Vicia sativum L.), gazal boynuzu (Lotus corniculatus L.) ve kolza (Brassica napus L.) gibi baklagil kuru otlarının kimyasal bileşimleri, in vitro gaz üretimleri, metabolik enerji (ME), sindirilebilir organik maddeleri (SOM) ve mikrobiyal protein üretimleri (MPÜ) karşılaştırılmıştır. Gaz ölçümleri 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saat aralıklarla saptanmıştır. Baklagil kuru otlarının kimyasal bileşimleri arasında önemli farklılıklar saptanmıştır (P<0.05). Baklagil danelerinin kimyasal bileşimlerindeki değişiklik ham protein için %16.82-3920.79; ham yağ için %3.46-5.16; ham kül için %5.74-8.37; nötr deterjan lif (NDF) için %36.05-46.00; asit deterjan lif (ADF) için %26.60-37.79 ve asit deterjan lignin (ADL) için %7.41-13.23 olarak saptanmıştır. Besin maddeleri bileşimi ile gaz üretimi arasındaki faklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Toplam gaz üretimi 68.37-75.40 ml/200 mg KM, sindirilebilir organik madde (SOM) %71.77-78.29, metabolik enerji (ME) 10.68-11.22 MJ/kg KM ve mikrobiyal protein üretimi (MPÜ) ise 110.89-124.31 g/kg KM arasında değişmiştir. Kolza otunun toplam gaz üretimi, SOM, ME ve MPÜ içeriği diğer baklagil otlarından önemli düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur (P<0.05).
Bazı baklagil kaba yemlerinin in vitro gaz üretimi, organik madde sindirimi, nispi yem deǧeri ve metabolik enerji içeriklerinin karşılastırılması
(Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, 2009) Canbolat, Önder; Karaman, Şadıman; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zooteknik Bölümü.; 7004338636; 36087592200
The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, metabolizable energy (ME) organic matter digestibility (OMD), relative feed values (RFV) of the legume forages from alfalfa, blackdisk medick, burr medic, yellow sour-clover, yellow sweet-clover, white sweet-clover, sainfoin, hairy vetch and birdsfoot trefoil. Gas production were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and their kinetics were described using the equation y=a+b(1-e(-ct)). There were significant differences among legume grains in terms of chemical composition (P<0.05). The crude protein content of legume forages ranged from 14.89 to 19.11%; ether extract from 1.08 to 3.07%; crude ash from 5.75 to 8.05%; neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 38.27 to 46.19%; acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 28.39 to 37.79% and acid detergent lignin (ADL) from 8.03 to 15.14%. Chemical composition had a significant effect on the gas production kinetics and estimated parameters (P<0.05). Total gas production ranged from 67.6 to 76.7 ml/200 mg DM, ME from 9.3 to 11.1 MJ/kg DM, organic matter digestibility (OMD) from 65.5 to 78.3% and relative feed values (RFV) from 120.3 to 159.9. As a result of research it has been determined that the total gas production, ME, OMD and RFV of hairy vetch and burr medic were significantly higher than the other legume forages (P<0.05).
Bazı buğdaygil kaba yemlerinin in vitro gaz üretimi, sindirilebilir organik madde, nispi yem değeri ve metabolik enerji içeriklerinin karşılaştırılması
(Kafkas Üniversitesi, 2012) Canbolat, Önder; Uludaǧ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zooteknik Bölümü.; 7004338636
The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, metabolizable energy (ME) organic matter digestibility (OMD), relative feed values (RFV) of the cereal forages from maize, sorghum, wheat, barley, oats, rye and triticale. Gas production were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and their kinetics were described using the equation y = a+b(1-e(-ct)). There were significant differences among cereal hay in terms of chemical composition (P<0.01). The crude protein content of cereal forages ranged from 7.2 to 8.8%; ether extract from 2.6 to 3.1%; crude ash from 5.4 to 6.9%; neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 46.6 to 55.9%; acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 24.9 to 32.6% and acid detergent lignin (ADL) from 6.3 to 8.1%. Total gas production ranged from 66.6 to 76.8 ml/200 mg DM, ME from 9.1 to 10.9 MJ/kg DM, organic matter digestibility (OMD) from 63.9 to 76.8% and relative feed values (RFV) from 105.8 to 138.7. As a result of this research it has been determined that the total gas production, ME, OMD and RFV of oats, wheat and maize were significantly higher than the other cereal forages (P<0.01).
Bazı esansiyel yağların yonca kuru otununin vitro sindirilebilirliği, Rumen fermantasyonu ve metan gazı üretimi üzerine etkileri.
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2019-12-05) Curabay, Barışcan; Filya, İsmail; Canbolat, Önder; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zooteknik Bölümü.
Bu araştırma, bazı esansiyel yağların (sarımsak yağı, nane yağı, kekik yağı ve portakal yağı) yoncanın in vitro gaz üretimine, uçucu yağ asidine (UYA) ve sindirimine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Esansiyel yağların etkilerinin belirlenmesi için yonca kuru otu ve in vitro gaz üretim tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan esansiyel yağlar in vitro gaz üretimi ve uçucu yağ asitlerini önemli düzeyde etkilemişlerdir (P<0.05; P<0.01). Rumen sıvısı amonyak azotu (NH3-N)’nu ise yalnızca esansiyel yağ dozları önemli düzeyde etkilemiştir (P<0.01). Esansiyel yağ dozları arttıkça rumen sıvısı parametrelerinden pH dışındakiler önemli düzeyde azalmıştır (P<0.01). Esansiyel yağ ve dozları karbondioksit (CO2) ve metan (CH4) üretimin önemli düzeyde düşürmüştür. Aynı şekilde esansiyel yağlar yoncanın kuru madde sindirim derecesini (KMSD), organik madde sindirim derecesini (OMSD), ham protein sindirim derecesini (HPSD) ve metabolik enerji (ME) düzeyini düşürmüştür. Saptanan önemli parametreler üzerinde esansiyel yağların etkili olduğu, en etkili yağların sırasıyla nane ve kekik yağı olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Esansiyel yağların dozları karşılaştırıldığında ise en etkili dozun 1200 mg L-1 RS olduğu saptanmıştır. Kekik ve nane esansiyel yağlarının daha etkili olmalarının içeriklerinde bulunan antimikrobiyal unsurlardan kaynaklandığı söylenebilir. Tüm veriler incelendiğinde esansiyel yağların ruminant beslemede hayvan performansı, yemden yararlanma ve rumen fermantasyonunu engellememesi için düşük dozların kullanımının daha uygun olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Chemical composition, metabolizable energy and digestibility in pea seeds of differing testa and flower colors
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2007) Canbolat, Önder; Tamer, Ece; Acikgoz, Esvet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/ Ziraat Fakültesi/Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü.
Chemical composition, tannin content, metabolizable energy, organic matter digestibility and their relations with gas production were assessed in pea seeds of differing testa and flower color in 2003 and 2004. The pea genotypes were classified in five testa colors (white, light green, dark green, dark green-brown and brown-black) or in two flower colors (white and purple). Wide variation existed in the chemical composition of the investigated individual pea genotypes between testa color or flower color groups. Crude protein content for pea seed samples varied from 192.3 to 262.1 g kg-1 with average N-free extract of 667.4 g kg-1, crude fiber of 65.1 g kg-1 and ether extract of 21.4 g kg-1. In general, crude protein content was higher in dark green-brown and dark brown-black seeded and in purple flowered genotypes. Dark testa colored pea genotypes had higher tannin content in both years; however this variation was not statistically significant. Purple flowered genotypes had significantly higher tannin content than the white flowered genotypes. White and green seeded peas with white flowers had consistently higher metabolizable energy than dark brown or black seeds with purple flowers, with an average of 12.6 MJ/kg DM for white seeds and 11.3 MJ/kg DM for dark brown black seeds. Organic matter digestibility showed a similar pattern to metabolizable energy. Gas production profiles showed variations in both rate and extent of gas production among the pea groups. Gas production from white and green seeded or white flowered genotypes was always higher than those of dark seeded or purple flowered genotypes. The correlation coefficients between tannin content and metabolizable energy, organic matter digestibility and gas production were weak and mostly non-significant.
Comparison between in situ dry matter degradation and in vitro gas production of tannin-containing leaves from four tree species
(South African Journal of Animal Sciences, 2004) Kamalak, A.; Gürbüz, Yavuz; Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; 7004338636
Dry matter (DM) degradation of Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Juniperus communis, and Pistica lentiscus was determined using two different techniques: (i) the in vitro gas production and (ii) the in situ nylon bag degradability technique. Samples were incubated in situ and in vitro for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. In situ and in vitro DM degradation kinetics were described using the equation y = a + b (1 - e (ct)). At all incubation times except 3 and 72 h the cumulative gas production of J communis was significantly lower than that of G. glabra, A. andrachne and P. lentiscus. At 3, 6 and 12 h incubation times the DM disappearance of J. communis was only significantly lower than that of P. lentiscus. At 24 and 48 h incubation times DM disappearance of J communis was significantly lower than that of A. andrachne and P. lentiscus. There were significant relationships between in vitro gas production and in situ DM disappearance at 24 hi and 96 h incubation times. The gas productions at 24 and 96 h incubation explained 51.2 and 52.4% of variation of DM disappearance, respectively. Gas production from the insoluble fraction (b) alone explained 66.4% of the variation of effective DM degradability (EDMD). The inclusion of gas production from quickly soluble fraction (a) and rate constant (c) of gas production in the regression equation did not improve the accuracy of predicting EDMD. It was concluded that in situ DM disappearance parameters of tannin-containing tree leaves such as used in this present study may be predicted from in vitro gas production parameters.
Comparison of in vitro gas production technique with in situ nylon bag technique to estimate dry matter degradation
(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2005-02) Kamalak, Adem; Canbolat, Önder; Gürbüz, Yavuz; Özay, Özkan; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvancılık Bölümü.; 7004338636; 7004052027; 6506803261
Dry matter (DM) degradation of wheat straw (WS), barley straw (BS), lucerne hay (LH) and maize silage (MS) was determined using two different techniques: (i) in vitro gas production and (ii) nylon bag degradability technique. In vitro gas production and in situ DM disappearance were measured after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of incubation. In situ and in vitro DM degradation kinetics was described using the equation y = a + b (1 - e(ct)). In all incubations there were significant (P < 0.001) correlations between gas production and in situ DM disappearance or estimated parameters ((a + b)(gas) and (a + b)(is) or (a + b)(gas) and EDMDis) whereas there were no significant (P > 0.05) correlations between c(gas) and c(is) or b(gas) and b(is). Gas production from the insoluble fraction (b) alone explained 98.3 % of the variation of EDMD. The inclusion of gas production from the quickly soluble fraction (a) and rate constant (c) of gas production in the regression equation improved the accuracy of EDMD prediction. The correlations between the results of both methodologies seem to be, sufficiently strong to predict degradability parameters from gas production parameters. It was concluded that the in vitro gas production technique has good potentiality to predict in situ DM disappearance and some DM degradation parameters.
Comparison of in vitro gas production, metabolizable energy, organic matter digestibility and microbial protein production of some legume hays
(Asian-Australasian Association Animal Production Society, 2007-04) Karabulut, Ali; Canbolat, Önder; Kalkan, Hatice; Gürbüzol, Fatmagül; Sucu, Ekin; Filya, İsmail; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Bölümü.; 0000-0003-1470-2751; AAG-8331-2021; AAH-2927-2021; 7005308670; 7004338636; 7005108822; 16229862100; 14038064900; 6701639395
The aim of this study was to compare in vitro gas production kinetics, metabolizable energy (ME), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and microbial protein (MP) production of widely used legume hays in ruminant nutrition in Turkey. Gas production were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and their kinetics were described using the equation p = a+b (1-e-ct). There were significant differences among legume hays in terms of chemical composition. The crude protein content of legume hays ranged from 11.7 to 18.6% of dry matter (DM); crude fat from 2.1 to 3.5% DM; neutral detergent fiber from 35.6 to 52.0% DM; acid detergent fiber from 32.0 to 35.5% DM and acid detergent lignin 1.7 to 11.0% DM. Total gas production after 96 h incubation ranged between 61.67 and 76.00 ml/0.200 g of substrate. At 24, 72 and 96 h incubation the total gas production for common vetch were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of the other legume hays. The ME, OMD and MP of legume hays ranged from 9.09 to 11.12 MJ/kg DM, 61.30 to 75.54% and 90.35 to 138.05 g/kg DM, respectively. The ME, OMD and MP of common vetch was significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of the other hays due to low cell-wall contents and high crude protein. At the end of the experiment, differences in chemical composition of legume hays resulted in the differences in the in vitro gas production, gas production kinetics and the estimated parameters such as ME, OMD and MP. Common vetch can be recommended to hay producers and ruminant breeders, due to high ME, OMD and MP production.
Determination of nutritive value of citrus tree leaves for sheep using in vitro gas production technique
(Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Society, 2006-06-29) Özkan, Çağrı O.; Kamalak, Adem; Karabulut, Ali Nedim; Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Bölümü.; F-4308-2010; 7005308670; 7004338636
The nutritive values of leaves of Citrus grandis, Citrus aurantium, Citrus oranges, Citrus limon, and Citrus deliciosa were evaluated by chemical composition and in vitro gas production techniques. There were significant (p < 0.001) differences among citrus species in terms of chemical composition. Crude protein (CP) contents ranged from 123.0 to 148.3 g/kg DM. Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents were varied with species in the range 219.4-355.4 and 215.0-278.8 g/kg DM respectively. Condensed tannin (CT) contents were ranged from 5.9 to 10.2 g/kg DM. The PEG addition significantly (p < 0.001) increased the gas production and some estimated parameters of citrus tree leaves. However, species showed variable responses to polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. There were also significant (p < 0.001) differences among species in terms of gas production and estimated parameters. The OMD and ME contents of citrus leaves without PEG supplementation were ranged from 66.5 to 73.3% and 9.8 to 10.9 MJ/kg DM respectively. The improvement in gas production, organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) with PEG emphasized the negative effect of tannins on digestibility. The increase (%) in the estimated OMD and ME contents ranged from 5.5 to 9.8% and 5.7 to 10.2% respectively. All citrus tree leaves studied in this experiment have potential nutritive values indicated by high crude protein content, OMD, ME and low fiber values.
Determination of nutritive value of wild narrow-leaved clover (Trifolium angustifolium) hay harvested at three maturity stages using chemical composition and in vitro gas production
(Tropical Grassland SOC AUST, 2010) Kamalak, Adem; Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; 7004338636
The aim of this study was to determine the potential nutritive value of a wild narrow-leaved clover (Trifolium angustifolium) hay harvested at 3 maturity stages (pre-flowering, flowering and seeding) in terms of chemical composition and in vitro gas production. In vitro gas production of Trifolium angustifolium hay was determined at incubation times of 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and the gas production kinetics were described using the equation y = a + b (1-e(-ct)). Maturity had a significant effect on both chemical composition and in vitro gas production kinetics. Neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre and condensed tannin (CT) concentrations increased with maturity, while crude protein (CP) concentration decreased from 16.9% pre-flowering to 13.2% at seeding. The condensed tannin concentration of Trifolium angustifolium hay ranged from 2.16 to 3.71%. Estimated gas production decreased with increasing maturity of Trifolium angustifolium hay. ME, OMD, a+b, a and CP concentration were negatively correlated with NDF, ADF and CT. It appears that wild Trifolium angustifolium, harvested even at the seeding stage, offers considerable potential as medium quality forage for ruminant animals during the winter period.
Determination of potential nutritive value of exotic tree leaves in Turkey
(Kafkas Üniversitesi, 2012) Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme Bölümü.; 7004338636
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of plant species on the potential nutritive value of introduced tree leaves using the chemical composition and in vitro gas production. Gas productions of the introduced tree leaves were determined at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h incubation times and their gas production kinetics were described using the equation y=A (1-exp-(ct)). Plant species had a significant effect on the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, metabolisable energy (ME) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the introduced tree leaves. The crude protein content of leaves ranged from 14.16 to 21.92%. The crude protein content of leaves from Robinia poseudoecacia umbraculifera was significantly (P<0.001) higher than those of other legume trees. The NDF and ADF content of legume trees ranged from 30.42 to 41.55 and 27.81 to 28.06% respectively. NDF content of leaves from Gladitsia triacanthos was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of other legume trees. Although the gas production rate (c) of leaves Albiza julibrissin was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of Gladitsia triacanthos and Robinia poseudoecacia umbraculifera. The potential gas production of Albiza julibrissin was significantly higher than those for Gladitsia triacanthos and Robinia poseudoecacia. The ME and OMD contents of introduced tree leaves ranged from 9.49 to 10.36 MJ/kg DM and from 64.42 to 70.3% respectively. In conclusion, the species had a significant effect on the potential nutritive value of introduced legume tree leaves. However the tree leaves studied in the current study would be effective protein resource for ruminant animals and may correct the deficient nitrogen in basal roughages with low protein during critical period of year when feed shortage occurred. However leaves obtained from Robinia pseudoecacia umbraculifera, Gladitsia triacanthos, and Robinia psedoecacia should be supplemented with polyethylene glycol or treated with alkali to reduce the detrimental effect of condensed tannin. Condensed tannin (CT) contents of legume trees ranged from 1.70 to 18.35%.
Determination of potential nutritive value of young, old and senescent leaves of Arbutus andrachne tree
(Taylor & Francis, 2010-06) Kamalak, Adem; Atalay, Ali İhsan; Kaplan, Mahmut; Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; 7004338636
Determination of potential nutritive value of young, old and senescent leaves of Arbutus andrachne tree. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 37: 257-260. Potential nutritive value of young, old and senescent leaves of Arbutus andrachne tree was measured using chemical composition and in vitro gas production technique. Maturity had a significantly adverse effect on the chemical composition and in vitro gas production kinetics. Although crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber contents decreased, condensed tannin (CT) and ash contents increased with maturity. The organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolisable energy (ME) ranged from 59.34 to 65.47 % and 8.84 to 9.76 MJ/kg DM, respectively. It is concluded that young and old leaves of Arbutus andrachne tree could be considered a moderate quality forage for sheep and goats. However, senescent leaves are only low quality forage.
Effect of carvacrol on intake, rumen fermentation, growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing lambs
(Taylor & Francis, 2010-12) Koyuncu, Mehmet; Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; 0000-0003-0379-7492; AAG-8536-2021; 16156692300; 7004338636
Effect of carvacrol on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, growth performance and carcass characteristics was determined using 40 male Kivircik lambs fed on diets supplemented with carvacrol at the rate of 0.0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 g / kg of dry matter (DM). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations of acetate decreased and propionate and butyrate were increased by carvacrol levels. Inclusion of carvacrol in diets did not alter dry matter intake or average daily gain of lambs.
Effect of cultivar and formaldehyde treatment of barley grain on rumen fermentation characteristics using in vitro gas production
(South African Journal of Animal Sciences, 2005) Çölkesen, Mustafa; Kamalak, Adem; Gürbüz, Yavuz; Özkan, Çaǧrı Özgür; Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvan Besleme Bölümü.; 7004338636
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cultivar and formaldehyde treatment of barley grains on rumen fermentation characteristics using the in vitro gas production technique. Amount of gas produced (mL/g organic matter (OM)) during fermentation was determined after 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation in buffered rumen fluid. The gas production kinetics were described using the equation: y = A {1 - exp [- b (t-T) - c ( root t - root T)]} where b and c are the initial gas production rate constant (h(-1)) and later gas production rate constant (h(-1/2)), respectively. Cultivar and formaldehyde treatment had significant effects on gas production kinetics. Total gas production (A) ranged from 389.9 to 410.8 (mL/g OM) with the cultivar, Esterel, producing the largest volume of gas of the cultivars. Due to low gas production rates at 3, 6 and 12 h of incubation the cultivars, Viva and Cecilia, took the longest to produce 50% of their total volume of gas. Formaldehyde treatment reduced the rate (mu) of gas production at 3, 6 and 12 h of incubation, and the total volume of gas (A), but increased the time (h) to produce 50% of A and reduced the time (h) to produce 95% of A. The reduction in gas production ranged from 33.3 to 51 mL/g OM with 6 h incubation showing the highest decrease in gas production. It is concluded that formaldehyde treatment may provide an opportunity to manipulate the site of digestion of barley grain in the digestive tract of ruminants. Through the selection of suitable cultivars and through formaldehyde treatment the nutritional and health problems associated with the fermentation of barley grain in the rumen could be reduced.
Effect of different dietary energy levels on the reproductive performance of Kivircik sheep under a semi-intensive system in the South-Marmara region of Turkey
(Kielanowski Inst Animal Physiology Nutrition, 2009) Koyuncu, Mehmet Ali; Canbolat, Önder; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Bölümü.; 16156692300; 7004338636
The objective of the study was to determine the effects of four dietary energy levels (L(1) - 10.3, L(2) - 11.0, L(3) - 11.6 and L(4) - 12.2 MJ ME per kg DM) on oestrus synchronization and fertility in Kivircik ewes. Eighty Kivircik ewes were randomly allocated in equal numbers to the four dietary energy treatments. The groups were treated with intra vaginal sponges containing 40 mg FGA (fluorogestone acetate) for a period of 14 days and 500 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin was injected intramuscularly after sponge withdrawal. The proportion of ewes exhibiting overt oestrus within 96 h after the injection was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the L(1) and L(2) eves (86 and 89 %) than in those on the L(3) (100%) and L(4) (100%) treatments, respectively. Mean litter size and fecundity were higher (P<0.05) in the L(3) (1.95) and L(4) (2.05) compared with the L(1) (1.45 and 1.25) and L(2) (1.63 and 1.55) ewes. It is concluded that short-term (21 days) in the level of dietary energy supplementation pre-mating can have a beneficial effect on reproductive performance in ewes.
Effect of different diets on the behaviour of slow-growing broiler genotype
(Taylor & Francis, 2009-03) İpek, Aydın; Karabulut, Ali Nedim; Şahan, Ümran; Canbolat, Önder; Dikmen, Bilgehan Yılmaz; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Hayvan Bilimleri Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Keleş Meslek Yüksekokulu/Hayvancılık ve Sağlık Bölümü.; 0000-0002-4397-5428; AAH-2551-2021; G-3725-2017; AAH-2966-2021; 56208332300; 7005308670; 6602128089; 7004338636; 13609715000
A total of 420 male day-old-chicks of a slow-growing genetic line (Hubbard ISA Red JA) were used as the trial material. The treatment groups were: Dilute-AL (energy and protein diluted diet fed ad libitum), Dilute-R (restricted energy and protein diluted diet), High-AL (high energy and protein diet fed ad libitum) and High-R (restricted high energy and protein diet). Restricted birds showed a greater percentage of time spot pecking, preening and in feather maintenance and less time resting than birds fed ad libitum but the differences were relatively small.
Effect of different garlic oil doses on in vitro gas production, rumen fermentation and methane production of sainfoin hay
(Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2019-01-01) Uzatıcı, Ahmet; Canbolat, Önder; CANBOLAT, ÖNDER; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü; JHB-2809-2023
This study was conducted to determined, effects of addition of garlic oil (GO) 0 (control), 100, 200, 400, 800, 1200 and 1600 mg/L rumen fluid (RF) by in vitro gas production technique, on the true organic matter digestibility (TOMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), metabolizable energy (ME) compound and rumen fermentation parameters, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) gas production of the sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa L.) hay. In vitro gas production technique was used to determine the effects of different doses of GO on rumen fermentation, OMD and metabolic energy (ME) level. GKMS and NDFS contents of sainfoin hay were determined by Daisy incubator technique. The addition of GO significantly decreased the in vitro gas production, OMD, NDFD, ME, total volatile fatty acids content (VFA), acetic acid (AA), propionic acid (PA), butyric acid (BA) and the other volatile fatty acids levels of sainfoin hay (P<0.01). In addition, the addition of GO at different doses to the rumen fluid also reduced the production of CH4 and CO2 production (P <0.01). As a result, in vitro gas production, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, methane and carbon dioxide production on the most adverse effect garlic oil dose was found to be 1600 mg / L RF. It was concluded that it would be appropriate to use low doses (400 mg / L RF) because of the high GO doses that affect rumen fermentation and the digestion of feed.
The effect of essential oils on the digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial protein production
(Kafkas Universitesi, 2011) Canbolat, Önder; Kalkan, Hatice Yıldırım; Karaman, Şadıman; Filya, İsmail; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; AAH-2927-2021; 7004338636; 7005108822; 36087592200; 6701639395
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inclusion of oregano oil (OrO), peppermint oil (PO) and orange oil (OO) in the ratio of 0, 400, 800 and 1200 mg/lt into rumen fluid on the gas production, organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolizable energy (ME), rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial protein production using the in vitro gas production technique. The inclusion of OrO, PO and OO in a different level significantly (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) decreased the in vitro gas production, OMD and ME values. The inclusion of essential oil decreased the total volatile fatty acids (VFA), acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, acetic acid/propionic acid ratio and ammonia level whereas the inclusion increased the rumen pH. In addition, the inclusion of oregano oil significantly (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) decreased carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and microbial protein production (MPP). The OrO was the most effective essential oil when all parameters were taken into consideration, followed by PO and OO. The inclusion of OrO in the ratio of 1200 mg/lt has been found to be the most effective doses and a negative impact on the data obtained. In conclusion, it can be said that low doses of essential oils should be used in ruminant nutrition but high doses of essential oils may decrease the rumen function and feed efficiency.
Effect of garlic oil on lamb fattening performance, rumen fermentation and blood parameters
(Mattioli, 2021-03-01) Canbolat, Önder; Kamalak, Adem; Kalkan, Hatice; Kara, Hüseyin; Filya, İsmail; CANBOLAT, ÖNDER; FİLYA, İSMAİL; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü.; CJR-8926-2022; CQT-8475-2022
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of garlic essential oil (GEO) on performance, ruminal fermentation and blood parameters of Kivircik lambs. Forty-eight 2.5-3 month old Kivircik male lambs were allocated into four treatment groups. Diets were supplemented with GEO at the 0.0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg DM. The growth trial lasted for 63 days. The supplementation of GEO significantly decreased the total weight gain (TWG) and average daily weight gain (ADWG), whereas it has no effect on the final body weight (FBW) daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The supplementation of GEO to the lamb diets had also a significant impact on rumen fermentation and blood parameters. The addition of GEO to the lamb diets increased non-esterified fatty acid production while supplementation significantly reduced the levels of glucose, urea, protein, triglyceride, insulin and cholesterol. It can be said that the decrease of glucose, urea, triglyceride, insulin and cholesterol is important in terms of animal health when the blood parameters are taken into consideration. As conclusion, GEO supplementation up to 0.8 g/kg DM can be recommended for growing lambs to manipulate rumen and blood parameters without compromising important growth parameters.
Effect of ginger essential oil on in vitro gas production, rumen fermentation and methane production
(Galenos Yayıncılık, 2021-01-01) Altınçekiç, Erdinç; Canbolat, Önder; Altınçekiç, Şeniz Öziş; CANBOLAT, ÖNDER; ÖZİŞ ALTINÇEKİÇ, ŞENİZ; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Zootekni Bölümü; 0000-0001-9044-8092; JPL-0865-2023; AAG-8210-2021; JHB-2809-2023
In this study, control (0), 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1000 mg L-1 ginger essential oil (GEO) (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) was added to rumen liquid (RL). Then, the effects of the GEO added to the RL In vitro gas production, organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolisable energy (ME), rumen fermentation parameters and methane (CH4) production were examined on these samples. It was determined that the addition of the GEO to RL decreased the in vitro gas production of Trifolium pratense hay (TPH), the OMD and ME contents, total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), acetic acid (AA), propionic acid (PA), butyric acid (BA) and other volatile fatty acids (OVFA) (P<0.05). Moreover, it was determined that while the productions of carbon dioxide (CO2), CH4 and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) decreased, the ratios of the rumen pH and AA/PA increased (P<0.05) depending on the increase in the dose of GEO. In conclusion, it was determined that the GEO dose which had the highest negative effect on the in vitro gas production, the rumen fermentation, the nutrient digestibility, the CH4 and the CO2 production was 1000 mg L-1. It was concluded that since high doses of GEO affect rumen fermentation and digestion of feeds negatively, it would be appropriate to use 200 mg L-1.