Browsing by Author "ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT"

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Aspergillus infections in intensive care units: Before and after the COVID-19 pandemic
(Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi, 2022-01-01) Tüzemen, Nazmiye Ülkü; Önal, Uğur; Akalın, Emin Halis; Kazak, Esra; Heper, Yasemin; İşçimen, Remzi; Kelebek Girgin, Nermin; Yılmaz, Emel; Özakın, Cüneyt; Şöhret Kahveci, Ferda; Ener, Beyza; TÜZEMEN, NAZMİYE ÜLKÜ; ÖNAL, UĞUR; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; KAZAK, ESRA; HEPER, YASEMİN; İŞÇİMEN, REMZİ; KELEBEK GİRGİN, NERMİN; YILMAZ, EMEL; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; KAHVECİ, FERDA ŞÖHRET; ENER, BEYZA; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-3544-3509; 0000-0001-6194-3254; 0000-0001-7530-1279; 0000-0002-5882-1632; 0000-0002-3894-1231; ACQ-7832-2022; AAU-8952-2020; JCO-3678-2023; A-4290-2018; CTY-9474-2022; DWL-9897-2022; GBC-7197-2022; HJZ-6992-2023; JKC-3728-2023; IMY-6211-2023; CNK-0895-2022
Introduction: Aspergillus species have begun to cause invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) with increasing frequency in patients with known risk factors in intensive care units (ICU). An international multicenter cohort study (AspICU) established criteria for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in intensive care units. In our study, patients with Aspergillus spp. growth in deep tracheal aspirate (DTA) samples in ICU were evaluated according to AspICU criteria.Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective study. DTA samples were collected from the Pandemic and Reanimation ICU and performed in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory by separated two periods; pre-pandemic (1 March 2019-31 December 2019) and post-pandemic (1 March 2020-31 December 2020). Cases with Aspergillus spp. growth in the DTA samples in the Pandemic ICU were evaluated as COVID 19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) according to AspICU criteria.Results: While Aspergillus spp. was grown in the DTA of three patients in 2019 and five patients in 2020 in the Reanimation ICU, and 11 patients in the Pandemic ICU. Growths belonging to one patient from both Reanimation (2019) and Pandemic ICUs were considered as colonization. Other growths were interpreted as IPA according to AspICU criteria. When the incidence rates according to 10000 patient days were compared, the incidence rate increased significantly in 2020 (19.1) (p< 0.001) compared to 2019 (3.4); In 2020, it was determined that it increased significantly in the Pandemic ICU (40.4) (p< 0.001) compared to Reanimation ICU (9.2).Conclusion: It should not be forgotten that intensive care patients are also at risk for IPA, especially after viral infections (such as COVID-19, Influenza). Although the incidence of IPA was not very high, it was observed that it tended to increase according to our study. The diagnosis of IPA is problematic, therefore it is necessary to increase awareness and sample diversity and to use biomarkers more widely other than hematology patients.
Comparison of c-reactive protein, procalcitonin and serum amyloid-a levels in diagnosis of bacterial infection in children
(Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2013-12-01) Çelebi, Solmaz; ÇELEBİ, SOLMAZ; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bulur, Nurcan; Hacımustafaoğlu, Mustafa; HACIMUSTAFAOĞLU, MUSTAFA KEMAL; Özakın, Cüneyt; Çakır, Deniz; Bozdemir, Şefika Elmas; Çetin, Benhur Şirvan; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-4646-660X; 0000-0002-7056-0615; 0000-0002-8470-4907; GQP-2135-2022; AAG-8392-2021; H-2691-2017
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels in children with bacterial infection.Material and Methods: In this prospective study, 120 pediatric patients who were hospitalized with bacterial infection in the Uludag University Medical Faculty Pediatric Clinic between June 2009 and June 2011 were included. Patients were evaluated in 5 groups as sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, pyelonephritis and other infection groups. Before initiating the antimicrobial therapy, blood samples for whole blood count, blood culture, CRP, PCT and SAA were obtained from children with bacterial infection. This procedure was repeated three times at 48 h, 7 and 10 days. Whole blood count was performed using an automated counter, Cell Dyn 3700 (Abbott Diagnostics Division, Santa Clara, CA, USA). CRP and SAA were determined by an immunonephelometric method using BN II device (Dade Behring Marburg GMBH, Marburg, Germany). PCT was measured by EnzymeLinked Fluorescent Assay (VIDAS PCT; Brahm Diagnostica GMBH, Lyon, France).Results: Of the patients, 66 (55%) were male and 54 (45%) were female. The median age was 37.5 months (1-209). PCT levels of the sepsis group was significantly higher than those of the pneumonia and other infection groups (respectively, p=0.001, p=0.003). SAA levels were higher in the meningitis group than those of the pneumonia group (p=0.007). When patients were divided into two groups as invasive bacterial infection group and localised bacterial infection group; PCT levels were found significantly higher in the invasive bacterial infection group than those of the localised bacterial infection group. Also, percentage change of PCT at the 48th hour, 7 and 10 days was determined as significantly higher in the invasive bacterial infection group than that of the localised bacterial infection group.Conclusion: In this study, PCT seems to be a more valuable parameter in diagnosing invasive bacterial infections.
Conventional culture and molecular screening methods for detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci activity
(Carbone Editore, 2016-01-01) Karakecili, Faruk; Cilo, Burcu Dalyan; Akın, Hicran; Ağca, Harun; Sınırtaş, Melda; Özakın, Cüneyt; Yılmaz, Emel; Akalın, Halis; Cilo, Burcu Dalyan; Akın, Hicran; AĞCA, HARUN; Sınırtaş, Melda; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; YILMAZ, EMEL; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Microbiooji Bölümü; 0000-0002-7368-7187; 0000-0002-2651-2034; 0000-0002-3894-1231; 0000-0001-7530-1279; IVV-5845-2023; AAH-4027-2021; AAU-8952-2020; AAG-8392-2021; ISU-9626-2023
Introduction: Early identification of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) colonization by screening patients is necessary in tends of preventing spread and development of infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of VRE using and real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and to compare the results and costs.Materials and methods: Patients in the risk group attending our hospital and planned for treatment with hospitalization were included. Two rectal swab specimens were taken. One swab specimen was inoculated into enterococci broth for CCSM. Resistant gene investigation was performed with the other specimen by using RT-PCR. The costs of the two methods were then compared.Results: VRE were detected in 75 (6.63%) of the 1130 patients screened using the two methods. Resistance gene was determined in 69 (6.1%) patients using RT-PCR and 32 (2.8%) with CCSM. RT-PCR results were negative in 6 patients with VRE growth determined using CCSM. VRE was detected with CCSM in all 26 patients in whom vanA genotype VRE were determined using RT-PCR, but no growth was determined with CCSM in any of the 43 patients in whom vanB genotype VRE were detected. Results obtained in 3 days using CCSM and within 4 hours using RT-PCR. Costs were 58 $ with CCSM and 46 $ with RT-PCR.Conclusion: VRE colonization being detected faster with RT-PCR than CCSM. When the costs in isolation of patients until VRE screening test results emerged were compared, VRE screening with RT-PCR was cost-effective. RT-PCR was markedly superior to CCSM in determining VanB type resistance. Due to the late results from CCSM and its failure to detect VanB type resistance, we think that RT-PCR can be an alternative to CCSM or that the two techniques can usefully be combined depending on the hospital conditions.
Evaluation of serum indirect haemagglutination test results of suspected cystic echinococcosis cases from 2009-2017
(Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2022-06-01) Tuzemen, Nazmiye Ulku; Alver, Oktay; Ozakin, Cuneyt; Ener, Beyza; Tuzemen, Nazmiye Ulku; TÜZEMEN, NAZMİYE ÜLKÜ; Alver, Oktay; ALVER, OKTAY; Ozakin, Cuneyt; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Ener, Beyza; ENER, BEYZA; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; A-4290-2018
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the serological, radiological and epidemiological analysis of suspected cystic echinococcosis patients, and to assess the positivity rate in the region. Method: The retrospective study was conducted at Bursa Uludag University Hospital, Turkey and comprised data from January 2009 to December 2017 related to patients of either gender with suspected cystic echinococcosis who underwent indirect haemagglutination testing. Demographic and clinical data of patients who tested positive were analysed. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 3910 patients with a mean age of 41.6 +/- 19.35 years (range: 0-93 years) who underwent indirect haemagglutination testing, 692(17.7%) tested positive; 390(56.4%) females, and 302(43.6%) males. The highest seropositivity rate 107(15.5%) was observed in 2011, followed by 104(15%) in 2016. Seropositive cases were predominantly seen in those aged 40-49 years 131 (18.9%), followed by those aged 50-59 years 124 (17.9%). Conclusion: Cystic echinococcosis was found to be a public health problem in South Marmara region of Turkey.
Evaluation of the combination treatments with intravenous fosfomycin for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
(Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2023-01-01) ÖNAL, UĞUR; Tüzemen, Nazmiye Ülkü; TÜZEMEN, NAZMİYE ÜLKÜ; Kaya, Pınar Küçükdemirci; KELEBEK GİRGİN, NERMİN; KÜÇÜKDEMİRCİ KAYA, PINAR; İŞÇİMEN, REMZİ; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Özakın, Cüneyt; Kahveci, Ferda Şöhret; KAHVECİ, FERDA ŞÖHRET; Akalın, Halis; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-3544-3509; 0000-0002-8428-8245; 0000-0002-5882-1632; 0000-0001-7530-1279; JCO-3678-2023; AAU-8952-2020; A-4290-2018
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination treatments with intravenous fosfomycin for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in a tertiary-care center.METHODS: Between December 24, 2018 and November 21, 2022, adult patients diagnosed with bloodstream infection or ventilator-associated pneumonia due to culture-confirmed carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the anesthesiology and reanimation intensive care units were investigated retrospectively.RESULTS: There were a total of 62 patients fulfilling the study inclusion criteria. No significant difference was recorded in 14-and 30-day mortality among different types of combination regimens such as fosfomycin plus one or two antibiotic combinations. Hypokalemia (OR:5.651, 95%CI 1.019- 31.330, p=0.048) was found to be a significant risk factor for 14-day mortality, whereas SOFA score at the time of diagnosis (OR:1.497, 95%CI 1.103- 2.032, p=0.010) and CVVHF treatment (OR:6.409, 95%CI 1.395-29.433, p=0.017) were associated with 30-day mortality in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION: In our study, high mortality rates were found in patients with bloodstream infection or ventilator-associated pneumonia due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, and no significant difference was recorded in 14-and 30-day mortality among different types of combination regimens such as fosfomycin plus one or two antibiotic combinations.
Evaluation of using empiric glycopeptides in accordance with the idsa guidelines in hematologic malignancy patients with febrile neutropenia
(Mattioli 1885, 2022-05-01) Yalçın, Cumali; Özkalemkaş, Fahir; Özkocaman, Vildan; Ersal, Tuba; Pınar, İbrahim Ethem; Orhan, Bedrettin; Candar, Ömer; Çubukcu, Sinem; Koca, Tuba Güllü; Akyol, Merve Nur; Ada, Nevriye Gül; Özakın, Cüneyt; Kazak, Esra; Akalın, Halis; Ali, Rıdvan; YALÇIN, CUMALİ; ÖZKALEMKAŞ, FAHİR; ÖZKOCAMAN, VİLDAN; ERSAL, TUBA; PINAR, İBRAHİM ETHEM; ORHAN, BEDRETTİN; CANDAR, ÖMER; ÇUBUKÇU, SİNEM; GÜLLÜ KOCA, TÛBA; AKYOL, MERVE NUR; ADA, NEVRİYE GÜL; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; KAZAK, ESRA; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; ALİ, RIDVAN; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı/Hematoloji Bilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji ve Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-9907-1498; 0000-0003-4168-2821; 0000-0001-7530-1279; 0000-0003-3970-2344; 0000-0001-5428-3630; KIE-5102-2024; JIW-1248-2023; FQG-8981-2022; AAJ-4354-2021; JGM-6601-2023; ACW-2157-2022; EOZ-1609-2022; JJB-0254-2023; GWQ-5007-2022; JYC-2094-2024; GNJ-2469-2022; AAG-8392-2021; AAG-8459-2021; AAU-8952-2020; GXD-8209-2022
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the appropriate use of empiric glycopeptide therapy in hematologic malignancy patients with febrile neutropenia (FN).Materials and Methods: Patients with FN who were hospitalized in our clinic and started empiric glycopeptide therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Empiric glycopeptide treatment initial indications were determined according to 7 specific criteria in the IDSA guidelines. In addition, the duration of glycopeptide use according to initial indications, causative pathogens in culture positivity, frequency of VRE infection, and the mortality rate was identified.Results: 87 patients were included. Of these, 102 episodes of FN were analyzed. Appropriate use of glycopeptides was observed in 98% of patients. The most common initial indication for glycopeptide was skin or soft-tissue infection, with 52% (n = 53). The mean duration of glycopeptide use was 11 (2-22) days. The time of glycopeptide use was longer in patients with catheter-related infections than in those with severe mucositis and hemodynamic instability (p = 0,041/p = 0,016). The duration of glycopeptide use was shorter in patients with consolidation therapy than in those without consolidation therapy. The mortality rate in culture-positive patients was significantly higher than in culture-negative patients (p = 0.041). At 72 h, glycopeptide therapy was discontinued in 8 of 79 FN episodes within culture-negative patients.Conclusion: This study showed that the mortality rate was higher in culture-positive patients. Additionally, glycopeptides should be discontinued early with no evidence of gram-positive infection.
First case of infective endocarditis associated with neisseria animaloris
(Aves, 2018-08-01) Efe, Kadir; Tüzemen, Nazmiye Ulku; YİĞİT, MUHAMMED; TÜZEMEN, NAZMİYE ÜLKÜ; Hemis, Reside Borce; Yiğit, Muhammed; Kapsız, Mahmut; KAPSIZ, MAHMUT; Tuncel, Tekin; Heper, Yasemin; HEPER, YASEMİN; Güllülü, Sumeyye; GÜLLÜLÜ, NAZMİYE SÜMEYYE; Özakın, Cüneyt; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-3544-3509; AAH-6506-2021; AAG-8392-2021; A-4290-2018
A 25-year-old female with no remarkable medical or family history presented with sudden chest pain and shortness of breath. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a defect in intraventricular septum, and a loose mass image was observed on the septal cuspis of tricuspid valve. A total of 6 blood cultures were taken, one bottle of blood culture from each arm of the patient for three consecutive days. All bottles yielded growth of Neisseria animaloris. All isolates were identified by Phoenix (TM) 100 (Becton Dickinson, Diagnostic Instrument System, Sparks, MD, USA), and the identification was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) (Bruker Daltonik, Bremen, Germany). Antibiotic susceptibility results were studied by gradient diffusion method, and interpreted as resistant to penicillin G and susceptible to ceftriaxone by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) 2013 standards for N. meningitidis. No risk factor such as animal contact or bite, and tooth or gum problems was detected in the patient evaluation because of the feature of the causative agent. Definitive infective endocarditis was diagnosed according to modified Duke criteria because of fever, infective endocarditis-prone cardiac condition and pulmonary embolism, vegetation in echocardiography and growth in consecutive blood cultures. Although there are some reports that N. animaloris causes wound infections in the cases bitten by a dog or a cat, there is no information about it as a causative agent for infective endocarditis. Our case is the only case of infective endocarditis that is caused by N. animaloris.
Healthcare-associated stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteraemia: Retrospective evaluation of treatment and outcome
(Springernature, 2021-10-20) Tuncel, Tekin; Akalın, Halis; Payaslıoğlu, Melda; Yılmaz, Emel; Kazak, Esra; Heper, Yasemin; Özakın, Cüneyt; Tuncel, Tekin; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; PAYASLIOĞLU, AYŞE MELDA; YILMAZ, EMEL; KAZAK, ESRA; HEPER, YASEMİN; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-7530-1279; 0000-0003-1785-3539; AAU-8952-2020; EBR-5383-2022; FQO-1207-2022; GDP-0005-2022; AAG-8459-2021; CTY-9474-2022; JNH-9929-2023
IntroductionStenotrophomonas maltophilia (SM) is one of the common gram-negative pathogens that cause nosocomial infections. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the treatment and outcome of SM bacteraemia.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated antimicrobial treatment in adult patients with nosocomial SM bacteraemia, with the 14th and 30th-day mortality as the outcome.ResultsIn total, 140 adult patients with SM bacteraemia who were diagnosed between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2016 were enrolled in the present study. Seventy-one (50.7%) patients were in the intensive care unit (ICU). The 14th and the 30th-day mortality rates were 32.9% (n=46) and 45.7% (n=64), respectively. Female sex (OR, 7.47; 95% CI 1.61-34.47, p<0.01), steroid use within the last month (OR, 10.2; 95% CI 1.27-82.27, p=0.029), Pittsburgh bacteraemia score (PBS) >= 4 (OR, 39.9; 95% CI 4.96-321.32, p<0.001) and solid organ malignancy (OR, 9.6; 95% CI 1.73-53.72, p<0.01) were independent risk factors for 14th day mortality. Removal of the catheter was an independent protective factor for both 14th (OR, 0.05; 95% CI 0.22-0.010, p<0.001) and 30th day (OR, 0.039;95% CI 0.164-0.009, p<0.001) mortality. We did not detect any difference between treatment regimens including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) or levofloxacin in terms of mortality. We found that TMP/SMX and levofloxacin combination did not significantly improve patient prognosis.ConclusionDue to the high mortality rates associated with nosocomial SM bacteraemia, adequate antibiotic therapy should be initiated immediately in the suspicion of infection, and prompt removal of any indwelling central venous catheter is important.
Helicobacter pylori infection in the ethiopathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2008-03-01) Özdil, Murat; Özerkan, Kemal; ÖZERKAN, KEMAL; Özakın, Cüneyt; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Küçükkömürcü, Şakir; Orhan, Orhan; Gençler, Baflak; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji ve Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı; AAH-9791-2021; K-2269-2016
Objective: We aimed to study the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and hyperemesis gravidarum by using the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test and serologic tests.Materials and Methods: Forty-one cases who were interned with the diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum and 40 asympthomatic pregnant women were prospectively included in the study. Serum samples were studied for Helicobacter pylori specific antibodies (immunoglobulin/IgG and IgA), were as stool samples were used for stool antigen test. Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: There was no difference for demographic properties between two groups. The ratio of Helicobacter pylori specific IgG positiveness was 46.3% for hyperemesis gravidarum group, while it was found 67.5% for the asympthomatic group. This difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). IgA ratios were 4.9% and 30% fort he study and the control groups, respectively, and this difference was increased significantly in the control group (p<0.05). Ratio of positiveness of stool antigen test, which is predictor of active infection was 52.5% (n=21) in hyperemesis gravidarum patients where it was found to be 36.5% (n=15) in control group. Contrary to serologic tests, stool antigen test was found to be positive for more patients in study group but this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).Discussion: As a conclusion, Helicobacter pylori infection alone was not found to be able to describe the etiopathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum in this study. But, for revealing the presence of Helicobacter pylori in hyperemesis gravidarum patients, stool antigen test was thought to be more descriptive and confident compared to serologically determined specific immunoglobulins.
Hyperemesis gravidarum and helicobacter pylori: Review
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2006-12-01) Küçükkömürcü, Sakir; Özakın, Cüneyt; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Özdil, Murat; Özyürek, Eser Şefik; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı.; AAG-8392-2021
70-85% of pregnant women complain of nausea and vomiting. More severe presentation of these symptoms accompanied by weight loss, malnutrition and fluid electrolyte imbalance forms the clinical picture, classically named Hyperemesis gravidarum. The pathophysiology of this clinical picture has been hypothesized to be connected with endocrinological factors (human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone, estrogen, thyroid hormones), immunological, metabolic, anatomical, psychological factors and more recently with an infectious agent, Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori).H. Pylori is a spiral shaped, whip-like tailed gram negative bacteria, which is capable of surviving in the gastric antrum. Degradation of urea with the urease enzyme produced by this microorganism raises the local pH which makes the conditions more favorable for survival. H. pylori has already been shown to be etiologically related to chronic antral gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer.Finally, with this study we reviewed all the published evidence for the causal role of H. pylori in hyperemesis gravidarum.
In-vitro activity of fosfomycin against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream isolates and frequency of OXA-48, NDM, KPC, VIM, IMP types of carbapenemases in the carbapenem-resistant groups
(Taylor & Francis, 2021-07-28) Zarakolu, Pınar; Eser, Özgen Köseoğlu; Otlu, Barış; Gürpınar, Öznur; Özakın, Cüneyt; Akalın, Halis; Köksal, İftihar; Ünal, Serhat; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-5428-3630; 0000-0001-7530-1279; JGV-7010-2023 ; AAU-8952-2020
The aim of this study was to determine the in-vitro activity of fosfomycin against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) isolates and the frequency of OXA-48, NDM, KPC, VIM, IMP types of carbapenemases in the carbapenem-resistant (CR) groups. A total of 346 isolates (126 E. coli and 220 K. pneumoniae) from nosocomial bloodstream infections were included. Carbapenem and fosfomycin susceptibility were tested by Etest (bioMerieux, France) and agar dilution methods, respectively and evaluated in accordance with EUCAST criteria. The presence of OXA-48, NDM, KPC, VIM, IMP types of carbapenemases were conducted by using PCR method. Of the total 346 isolates, 185 (41 E. coli, 144 K. pneumoniae) were CR. Fosfomycin susceptibility of E. coli was higher than 95% and was not statistically significant between the CR and carbapenem-susceptible (CS) groups. Fosfomycin susceptibility of CS and CR K. pneumoniae was 90.7% and 69.4%, respectively, and statistically significantly lower in CR group. Of the total 185 CR isolates, 163 (32 E. coli, 131 K. pneumoniae) were producing carbapenemases. OXA-48 was the prominent carbapenemase type produced by E. coli (96.8%) and K. pneumoniae (70.9%). The frequency of NDM and KPC types produced by K. pneumoniae was 20.6% and 15.2%, respectively. Fosfomycin has substantial in-vitro activity against nosocomial CS and CR E. coli and CS K. pneumoniae bloodstream isolates. However, due to the risk of emerging resistance with fosfomycin monotherapy, combination therapy should be considered to obtain the possible additive or synergistic activity. Emerging fosfomycin resistance of CR K. pneumoniae isolates is alarming and OXA-48 is still the prominent carbapenemase type in Turkey.
Investigation of infectious droplet dispersion in a hospital examination room cooled by split-type air conditioner
(Springer, 2024-05-08) Yüce, Bahadir Erman; Kalay, Onur Can; Karpat, Fatih; Alemdar, Adem; Temel, Şehime Gülsün; Dilektaşlı, Aslı Görek; Başkan, Emel Bülbül; Özakın, Cüneyt; Coşkun, Burhan; YÜCE, BAHADIR ERMAN; Kalay, Onur Can; KARPAT, FATİH; ALEMDAR, ADEM; TEMEL, ŞEHİME GÜLSÜN; GÖREK DİLEKTAŞLI, ASLI; BÜLBÜL BAŞKAN, EMEL; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; COŞKUN, BURHAN; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Yenişehir İbrahim Orhan Meslek Yüksekokulu/İklimlendirme ve Soğutma Teknolojisi Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Genetik Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Histoloji ve Embriyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Göğüs Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Dermatoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Üroloji Anabilim Dalı.
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak has spread worldwide, and the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic in March 2020. The transmission mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor environments has begun to be investigated in all aspects. In this regard, many numerical studies on social distancing and the protection of surgical masks against infection risk have neglected the evaporation of the particles. Meanwhile, a 1.83 m (6 feet) social distancing rule has been recommended to reduce the infection risk. However, it should be noted that most of the studies were conducted in static air conditions. Air movement in indoor environments is chaotic, and it is not easy to track all droplets in a ventilated room experimentally. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) enables the tracking of all particles in a ventilated environment. This study numerically investigated the airborne transmission of infectious droplets in a hospital examination room cooled by a split-type air conditioner with the CFD method. Different inlet velocities (1, 2, 3 m/s) were considered and investigated separately. Besides, the hospital examination room is a model of one of the Bursa Uludag University Hospital examination rooms. The patient, doctor, and some furniture are modeled in the room. Particle diameters considered ranged from 2 to 2000 mu m. The evaporation of the droplets is not neglected, and the predictions of particle tracks are shown. As a result, locations with a high infection risk were identified, and the findings that could guide the design/redesign of the hospital examination rooms were evaluated.
Long term investigations on tick infestations of human
(Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2015-11-01) Selçuk, Özgür; Aydın, Levent; Girişgin, Ahmet Onur; Şenlik, Bayram; Özakin, Cüneyt; Selçuk, Özgür; AYDIN, LEVENT; GİRİŞGİN, AHMET ONUR; ŞENLİK, BAYRAM; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobioloji Bölümü; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Parasitoloji Bölümü; 0000-0002-0020-2708; 0000-0003-2964-2245; AAG-8392-2021; B-5286-2017; JLA-7878-2023; HLG-4450-2023; GBN-0139-2022
In this study, a total of 19866 samples which were collected from humans who applied to the hospitals with tick bites in the western part of Turkey (Bursa) between the years 2007 and 2011 (from February to November) were examined. Approximately 10% (1985) of samples were found as non-ticks like bee stings, lice, fleas and other arthropods. The ticks were identified as Rhipicephalus spp. (72.98%), Ixodes spp. (18.96%), Hyalomma spp. (7.18%), Dermacentor marginatus (0.027%) and Haemaphysalis parva (0.005%). Based on localities, majority of the tick samples were reported from the urbanized areas (81%). Especially, Ixodes spp. species were commonly found in highland and forestry areas of Bursa.
Mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum: Their role in urogenital system infections and retrospective evaluation of antibiotic resistance rates
(Aves, 2019-04-01) Tuüzemen, Nazmiye Ülkü; Efe, Kadir; Özakın, Cüneyt; TÜZEMEN, NAZMİYE ÜLKÜ; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3544-3509; A-4290-2018; AAG-8392-2021
Objective: Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are opportunistic pathogens which can frequently be isolated from genitourinary tracts of humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence, epidemiologic features and antibiotic susceptibility of M. hominis and U. urealyticum agents in urine specimens which were sent from various clinics of Uludag University, Hospital of Health Application and Research Center for diagnosis of genitourinary system infection.Methods: Urinary specimen results of M. hominis and U. urealyticum were retrospectively reviewed between January 2015 and December 2016 in our hospital. Urinary specimens were examined using Mycoplasma IES (Autobio Diagnostics, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China) in 2015 and Biosynex (R) Mycoplasmatest (Biosynex, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France) in 2016 for the identification of M. hominis and U. urealyticum. Simultaneous urine culture and complete urinalysis results were compared with results of M. hominis and U. urealyticum.Results: In our study, we evaluated 5852 samples of 2926 patients comprising 67.43% females and 32.57% males for detection of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in urine. While U. urealyticum, and M. hominis were detected in 22.25% (651/2926) and 1.23% (36/2926) of the samples, respectively; coinfection was detected in 3.79% (111/2926). M. hominis and/or U. urealyticum positivity (n=798/2926) were found to be 32.12% in women and 11.02% in men. Resistance rates of M. hominis according to sex were found to be higher in women for ciprofloxacin and a statistically significant difference was found (chi(2)=4.336, p=0.037).Conclusions: As there was no growth in routine urine cultures of about half of the M. hominis and/or U. urealyticum-positive patients, it is recommended to consider the presence of urogenital M. hominis and U. urealyticum infections for treatment and to use laboratory tests for the diagnosis of these agents especially in the presence of risky conditions such as pregnancy.
Nanobubble ozone stored in hyaluronic acid decorated liposomes: Antibacterial, anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect and biocompatibility tests
(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2022-01-01) Sabancı, Ahmet Ümit; Alkan, Perihan Erkan; Mujde, Cem; Polat, Hivda Ulbegi; Ergüzeloğlu, Cemre Örnek; Bişgin, Atıl; Özakın, Cüneyt; Temel, Sehime G.; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; Ergüzeloğlu, Cemre Örnek; TEMEL, ŞEHİME GÜLSÜN; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Meslek Yüksekokulu/Tıbbi Laboratuvar Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Translasyonel Tıp Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Tıbbi Genetik Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.; 0000-0002-8837-3375; AAK-4004-2021; EXQ-7887-2022; DXX-3499-2022; AAG-8385-2021
Purpose: SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals may be asymptomatic, and therefore, the virus is highly contagious. We aimed to develop an agent to control viral replication in the upper respiratory tract and to prevent progression of the disease into the lower airways as well as inter-individual transmission. For this purpose, we investigated the antibacterial and antiviral activities of our novel nanobubble ozonated hyaluronic acid-decorated liposomal (NOHAL) solution, developed by using nanotechnology. Methods: The MIC levels of NOHAL solution were determined on blood agar cultures of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Streptococcuspneumoniae (ATCC 49619) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). The in vitro anti-viral activity of NOHAL solution was studied using recombinant SARS-CoV-2 copies of the original virus, grown in Vero cells generated by reverse genetic technology. Human primary lung epithelial cells obtained by bronchoscopy or lung resection were used for cell viability tests using flow cytometry analysis. The cytotoxicity testing was performed using the BALB/c 3T3 (CCL-163) cell line. Skin, oral, nasal and ocular irritation tests were performed using New Zealand albino rabbits, Syrian hamsters, BALB c mice and New Zealand albino rabbits of both sexes. Results: Bacterial growth was prevented by NOHAL solution in a time-/dose-dependent manner. In vivo or in vitro experiments did not show any toxicity of NOHAL solution. No cytotoxicity was recorded on cell viability. No skin, oral, nasal or ocular toxicities were recorded. In addition, in a SARS-CoV-2 mouse infection model, NOHAL solution diminished the viral RNA levels effectively in nasopharyngeal and lung samples after its prophylactic intranasal application. Conclusion: NOHAL solution has the potential to reduce or prevent the spread of SARSCoV-2 through the nose and/or oral cavity. The clinical efficacy of this solution needs to be tested in order to determine its efficacy in the early phase of COVID-19.
Nanoparticle liposomes: A new strategy in bacterial infections
(Doc Design Informatics, 2021-08-01) Erkan Alkan, Perihan; Güneş, Mesu Ertan; Özakın, Cüneyt; Sabancı, A. Ümit; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; GÜNEŞ, MESUT ERTAN; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0002-8837-3375; 0000-0002-9347-8307; AAK-4004-2021; AAK-4470-2021; JRO-4525-2023
Objective: In our study, a nanoparticle liposome molecule with patent application number TR201804452A2 was used, and the Minimum Inhibitor Concentration (MIC) was found to be 1562 ppm. According to the ASTMF 1980 standard, it has been determined that the nanoparticle liposome solution kept at 37 days and 55 degrees C in return for one-year stability preserves its effectiveness. Our study aimed to show that the newly developed solution maintains its effectiveness for a long time.Methods: CLSI M07-A10 (Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically. Tenth ed. Approved Standard) standard test method of the nanoparticle liposome solution developed with a technique different from the standard ozonation mechanisms, and antibacterial tests were performed by modifying the contact time and the MIC value of the solution, and its effect on time has been determined. For the stability test of the nanoparticle liposome solution, it was kept at 55 degrees C for 37 days in return for one-year stability according to the ASTM F 1980 standard.Results: MIC of nanoparticular ozone solution CLSI M07-A10 standard test method for S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) strains by modifying contact time It was determined as 1.562 ppm. For S. aureus (ATCC 25923), at the end of the first hour, it was determined that the activity started at 2000 and 1750 ppm nanoparticle liposome solution concentration. For E. coli (ATCC 25922) it was determined that the activity started at the 10th minute at 2000 ppm nanoparticular ozone solution concentration. The solution was still effective at the end of one year according to the ASTM F 1980 standard in terms of effectiveness.Conclusions: As a result, the nanoparticle liposome solution, a new product, does not lose its stability and effectiveness for a long time, contrary to what is known. Although the half-life of gaseous ozone is as short as 20 minutes, the stability in the nanoparticle liposome solution has been determined as at least one year. Since nanoparticle liposome solution is a natural and slow-release product, it is thought that it can create a barrier in mucosal membranes in regions such as the nose, throat, eye and ear with solutions to be prepared in appropriate doses thus preventing bacteria from settling.
New antibacterial agent: Nanobubble ozone stored in liposomes: The antibacterial activity of nanobubble ozone in liposomes and their thymol solutions
(Taylor, 2021-03-30) Alkan, Perihan Erkan; Güneş, Mesut Ertan; Özakın, Cüneyt; Sabancı, Ahmet Ümit; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; GÜNEŞ, MESUT ERTAN; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu/Gıda İşleme Bölümü; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0002-8837-3375; 0000-0002-9347-8307; 0000-0001-5428-3630; AAK-4470-2021; JHZ-5366-2023
Ozone is a highly effective oxidant. In its gaseous form, ozone is not a stable compound; however, stability and effectiveness are sustained for a long period, when stored in vegetable oils. In this study, solutions are prepared containing a combination of ozone nanobubbles, vegetable oils and emulsifiers. Throughout the study, the antibacterial effectiveness and stability of ozone nanobubble carried in liposomes and their solutions with thymol are tested on strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). Findings of the study suggest that the stability range of the ozone nanobubbles carried in liposomes extend to a 1-year period. In addition, the antibacterial effectiveness of this structure, both with and without thymol, is tested to be substantially high on the sample bacteria. These ozone structures/solutions can be stored at +4 degrees for an extended period of time compared to ozone's possible stability range as a sole trioxygen molecule. Results of the study highlight the possibility of extending the storage/stability range even further.
Oxa-48 dominance meets ceftazidime-avibactam: A battle against life-threatening carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae infections in the intensive care unit
(Springernature, 2023-10-10) Önal, Uğur; Tüzemen, Ülkü; Kaya, Pınar K.; İşçimen, Remzi; Girgin, Nermin Küçükdemirci; Özakın, Cüneyt; Kahveci, Ferda; Akalın, Halis; ÖNAL, UĞUR; TÜZEMEN, NAZMİYE ÜLKÜ; KÜÇÜKDEMİRCİ KAYA, PINAR; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; KAHVECİ, FERDA ŞÖHRET; İŞÇİMEN, REMZİ; Girgin, Nermin Küçükdemirci; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Bölümü; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anesteziyoloji ve Yoğun Bakım; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji; 0000-0001-6194-3254; 0000-0002-8428-8245; JCO-3678-2023; JCO-2264-2023; JNY-9122-2023; JMU-3479-2023; DTU-3148-2022; JNH-9929-2023; CYR-2043-2022; CYR-2043-2022; AAU-8952-2020
ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to describe the outcomes in ICU patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) or ventilatory-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) who received ceftazidime-avibactam treatment at a tertiary care university hospital.MethodsPatients aged 18 years or older who were admitted to the Anesthesiology and Reanimation ICU at Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between June 13, 2021, and July 16, 2023, and diagnosed with BSI or VAP due to CRKP were included in this study.ResultsA total of 42 patients treated with ceftazidimeavibactam were included. Total crude mortality rates were 33.3% on day 14 and 54.8% on day 30. Mortality rates on the 14th and 30th days were 37.5% and 62.5% in patients with BSI and 27.8% and 44.4% in patients with VAP, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between monotherapy and combination therapy in terms of mortality rates on days 14 and 30, respectively (3/11 vs. 11/31, p=0.620; 5/11 vs. 18/31, p=0.470). Immunosuppression (10/11 vs. 13/31, p=0.005), the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score >= 8 (at the initiation of treatment; 19/25 vs. 4/17, p<0.001), INCREMENT-CPE score >= 10 (12/16 vs. 3/10, p=0.024) and longer duration (in days) from culture collection to treatment initiation (5.0 +/- 0.61 vs. 3.11 +/- 0.48, p=0.024) were found to have a statistically significant effect on 30-day mortality. In multivariate analysis, a SOFA score >= 8 at the initiation of treatment (p=0.037, OR: 17.442, 95% CI: 1.187-256.280) was found to be a significant risk factor affecting mortality (30-day).ConclusionThe mortality rates of patients with CRKP infection who were followed up in the ICU were found to be high, and it was observed that whether ceftazidime-avibactam treatment was given as a combination or monotherapy did not affect mortality. Further multicentre studies with a larger number of patients are needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the topic, given that this treatment is typically reserved for documented infections.
Peritoneal fluid analysis of the newborn calves with intestinal atresia - A clinical approach
(Univ Fed Rio Grande Do Sul, 2019-11-23) SALCI, HAKAN; Salcı, Hakan; Çatık, Serkan; Özakın, Cüneyt; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Salcı, Emsal Sinem Özdemir; ÖZDEMİR SALCI, EMSAL SİNEM; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Jinekoloji ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Genel Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı.; AAE-6201-2021; AAH-5294-2021; AAG-8392-2021
Background: Anomalies and fetal problems are encountered in all animals. Intestinal atresia is a congenital anomaly of both humans and animals. Intestinal atresia has four morphological types, and they can be observed in jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum and anus (type I: mucosal atresia, type II: atretic ends separated by fibrous cord, type III: atretic ends separated by a "V" shaped mesenteric gap or atretic end coil like an "apple peel", type IV: multiple atresia). In calves, it is also commonly encountered; it is still a question to be replied about the exact prognosis of the patients with intestinal atresia. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to evaluate peritoneal fluid analysis results of calves with intestinal atresia.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty-two calves were presented with abdominal distension and lack of defecation. Clinical and radiological findings pointed out the intestinal atresia. Blood samples were collected for routine hematological and serum total protein (IP) analysis. Peritoneal fluids were aspirated with sterile technique from the caudal abdomen, and biochemical features, cell contents and microbiological cultures of the peritoneal fluids were analyzed. Following to preoperative, surgical and necropsy findings, intestinal atresia were diagnosed as type II, III and IV in calves. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was observed in calves with type IV intestinal atresia. Red blood cells and platelet counts were determined in the peritoneal fluids. 'IP and density values of the peritoneal fluid were high in all cases. These results pointed the presence of the acute infection and peritonitis. Statistical comparison of each parameter showed that there was no significant difference between the types of intestinal atresia. Microbiologically, fecal origin bacteria were cultured in 12 calves.Discussion: In general, four types of intestinal atresia are encountered in calves, and all types are fatal pathologies; thus, surgery should urgently be planned as soon as diagnostic work-ups are completed after birth. Peritoneal fluid analysis is a useful diagnostic choice because changes in the peritoneal fluid parameters help to diagnosis of the infra-abdominal pathology. Intestinal atresia as more common anomaly in Holstein, Jersey and Montafon breed calves. In animals with intestinal atresia, surgical treatment is not usually recommended due to economic reasons and small chance of postoperative success. Long-term survival rate of surgically treated animals depends on the type of intestinal atresia and applied surgical technique. Atresia recti and ani may occur simultaneously with atresia coli, and all atresias (atresia coli, ani, recti or ani et recti) can be successfully treated by surgery. Continuous distention of the large intestinal segments leads to ischemia, necrosis, peritonitis and bowel perforation. Peritoneal fluid analysis should include the classic parameters for diagnosis, but these analyses are often insufficient to identify the etiology or pathogenesis of the disease. An increase in total WBC count and percentage of the neutrophil cells in the peritoneal fluid indicate the acute infectious origin inflammation. Additional parameters in the peritoneal fluid analysis have been established to improve diagnostic precision and specific information. Presence or absence of the bacteria in the peritoneal fluid samples is important to characterize the transudate and exudate. Changings in the peritoneal fluid values does not related to type of the intestinal atresia in calves.
Pyelonephritis: A retrospective analysis of 190 cases
(Aves, 2010-04-01) Karakeçili, Faruk; Karadağ, Sanem; Erbay, Fatma; Yılmaz, Emel; YILMAZ, EMEL; Akalın, Halis; AKALIN, EMİN HALİS; Özmen, Ahmet; ÖZMEN, AHMET TUNCER; Özakın, Cüneyt; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Helvacı, Safiye; Mistik, Reşit; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-3567-4262; 0000-0002-3894-1231; 0000-0001-7530-1279; 0000-0003-2267-2206; AAG-8392-2021; AAD-1102-2022; AAU-8952-2020
Objective: In this study, we aimed to present the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological features of community acquired/onset pyelonephritis cases followed in our clinic.Methods: One hundred ninety adult patients with pyelonephritis followed in our clinic between 1989-2008 were analysed retrospectively.Results: Of the patients, 75 were male (39.5%) and 115 were female (60.5%) and mean age was 55.5 years (18-93). In total, 55 of the patients had had urinary tract infections within the last year. Complicated urinary tract infection was diagnosed in 137 patients. Escherichia coli was isolated in the urine culture of 119 (62.6%) patients and extended spectrum-beta-lactamase production was positive in 20% of the isolates. Blood culture was also positive in 44 (23.1%) patients. Nine patients (4.7%) died.Conclusions: The local epidemiology and antibiotic susceptibility results are very important for appropriate empiric antibiotic treatment of pyelonephritis. The upper urinary system ultrasonography should be carried out especially in female patients with pyelonephritis to diagnose complicated urinary tract infections.