Farklı özellikteki toprak iyileştiricilerinin hafif bünyeli toprakların su tutma kapasitesi üzerine etkisi
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Date
2020-09-26
Authors
Er, Hasan
Demir, Yasin
Meral, Ramazan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Tarımsal üretimde su en önemli faktörlerden biri olup; verim ve kalite üzerinde doğrudan etkilidir. Uygulanacak su miktarı toprağın su tutma kapasitesi ile sınırlı olup kumlu topraklarda daha düşük değerdedir. Bitkilerin yararlanabildikleri yarayışlı su miktarı toprağın bünyesi, yapısı, gözeneklilik ve organik madde içeriği gibi faktörlere bağlıdır. Toprağın organik madde içeriğini artıran uygulamalar diğer olumlu etkilerinin yanı sıra yarayışlı su miktarını da artıracaktır. Bu amaçla yapay ve doğal pek çok toprak iyileştirici kullanılmaktadır. Bu uygulamalarda esas olan konu toprak iyileştiricinin beklenen faydaları sağlarken aynı zamanda kolay elde edilebilir ve ekonomik olmasıdır. Bu çalışmada yöre toprak koşulları ve toprak düzenleyicinin elde edilebilirliği dikkate alınarak; ahır gübresi, leonardit ve su tutucu polimer, ağırlık/ağırlık (w/w) esasına göre toprağa ahır gübresi (A) ve leonardit (L), toprağa %1, %2, %4 oranında, su tutucu polimer (S) ise toprağa %0.1, %0.25 ve %0.4 oranında karıştırılmıştır. Uygulamalar %48.6 kum içerikli toprak kullanılarak saksı ortamlarında yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre her bir uygulama organik madde içeriğindeki artışa paralel olarak; hacim ağırlığı, porozite ve su tutma kapasitesi üzerinde olumlu etkilerde bulunmuştur. Yarayışlı su değerleri kontrol uygulamasında ortalama %9.47 olarak belirlenirken, leonardit uygulamalarında %9.50-14.04, ahır gübresi uygulamalarında %9.05-17.30, su tutucu polimer uygulamasında ise %10.68-16.48 arasında değişmiştir. Polimer uygulaması tarla kapasitesinde daha yüksek artış göstermiş ancak aynı oranda solma noktasının da artması nedeniyle toplam etkisi sınırlı olmuştur. Sonuç olarak ahır gübresi uygulamasının aynı zamanda etkisinin kalıcı olması ve bitki besin elementi avantajı gibi diğer etkileri de dikkate alındığında; kumlu toprakların su tutma kapasitesinin artırılmasında en etkili yöntem olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Water is one of the most important factors in agricultural production; it has a direct impact on yield and quality. The amount of water to be applied is limited to the water holding capacity of the soil and is lower in sandy soils. The amount of available water by plants can utilize depends on factors such as soil texture, structure, porosity and organic matter content. Different applications that will increase the organic matter content of the soil will improve the amount of available water as well as other positive effects. For this purpose, many artificial and natural soil conditioners are used. The main issue in these applications is that the soil conditioners should be easy obtainable and economical while providing the expected benefits. In this study, considering the local soil conditions and the availability of the soil conditioners; it was mixed in proportion to soil on the basis of weight / weight (w/w). Farm manure (A) and leonardite (L) were mixed into the soil at the rate of 1%, 2%, 4%. polymer (TP-WATERSORB) was mixed into the soil at a rate of 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.4%. Applications were carried out in pots using soil with 48.6% sand content (sandy clay loam). According to the results obtained each application as parallel to the increase in organic matter content; had positive effects on bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity. Available water values were determined as 9.47% on average in the control application, 9.50-14.04% in leonardite applications, 9.05-17.30% in farm manure applications, and 10.68-16.48% in water-holding. For polymer application; total effect was limited due to the increase of wilting point. Consequently, considering the other positive effects of farm manure application such as permanent effect and plant nutrient advantage at the same time; it is concluded that it is the most effective method to increase the water holding capacity of sandy soils.
Water is one of the most important factors in agricultural production; it has a direct impact on yield and quality. The amount of water to be applied is limited to the water holding capacity of the soil and is lower in sandy soils. The amount of available water by plants can utilize depends on factors such as soil texture, structure, porosity and organic matter content. Different applications that will increase the organic matter content of the soil will improve the amount of available water as well as other positive effects. For this purpose, many artificial and natural soil conditioners are used. The main issue in these applications is that the soil conditioners should be easy obtainable and economical while providing the expected benefits. In this study, considering the local soil conditions and the availability of the soil conditioners; it was mixed in proportion to soil on the basis of weight / weight (w/w). Farm manure (A) and leonardite (L) were mixed into the soil at the rate of 1%, 2%, 4%. polymer (TP-WATERSORB) was mixed into the soil at a rate of 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.4%. Applications were carried out in pots using soil with 48.6% sand content (sandy clay loam). According to the results obtained each application as parallel to the increase in organic matter content; had positive effects on bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity. Available water values were determined as 9.47% on average in the control application, 9.50-14.04% in leonardite applications, 9.05-17.30% in farm manure applications, and 10.68-16.48% in water-holding. For polymer application; total effect was limited due to the increase of wilting point. Consequently, considering the other positive effects of farm manure application such as permanent effect and plant nutrient advantage at the same time; it is concluded that it is the most effective method to increase the water holding capacity of sandy soils.
Description
Keywords
Su tutma kapasitesi, Toprak düzenleyici, Polimer, Water holding capacity, Soil conditioner, Polymer
Citation
Er, H. vd. (2020). "Farklı özellikteki toprak iyileştiricilerinin hafif bünyeli toprakların su tutma kapasitesi üzerine etkisi". Uluslararası Biyosistem Mühendisliği Dergisi, 1(2), 55-65.