Yahudilik’te defin ve sonrasına ait gelenekler
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Date
2001
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Ölüsünü gömmek özellik belirten bir insani uygulamadır: diğer canlılar ölülerine bu kadar özen göstermezler. Bu uygulama çok eskidir; besbelli ki bu uygulama, ortaya çıkışı itibariyle sağlıkla ilgili sebeplerden dolayı değildi, çünkü pek çok gömü âyinseldir. Yani ölü gömülürken âyinler yapılır ve yiyecek ve diğer teçhizat mezara konulurdu. Filistin’de yapılan arkeoloji çalışmaları cenazeyi gömme uygulamasının devamlılığının, ölünün mezarda ikamet ettiği ve yiyecek ve içecek takdimelerine ihtiyaç duyduğu inancını açıkladığını doğrulamıştır. Yahudilik’te de ölüyü gömme esas kabul edilmişti. Ölüye yas tutma; ağlama, elbiseleri yırtma, çul elbise giyme ve oruç tutmadan ibaretti. Cenazeler çoğunlukla mağaralara veya kayalarda oyulan mezarlara gömülürdü. Yeni Ahid döneminde ölü keten bezinden sargılara sarılırdı. Rabbinik gelenek yedi günlük sabit bit yas tutmayı emretmiştir.
The burial of his dead is a distinctive human practice: no other animals so care for their dead. The practice is very ancient; it was evidently not due originally to sanitary motives, for most burials are ritual, for example rites were performed and food and other equipment placed in grave. The archeology of Palestine attests continuity of burial practice indicating of belief that dead dwelt in tomb and needed offerings of food and drink. In Judaism too burial was regarded as essential. Mourning consisted of lamentation, rending of garments, wearing sack-cloth and fasting. Burial was often in caves or tombs excavated from rock. In New Testament period dead were wraped in linen bandages. Rabbinical tradition enjoins seven days of strict mourning.
The burial of his dead is a distinctive human practice: no other animals so care for their dead. The practice is very ancient; it was evidently not due originally to sanitary motives, for most burials are ritual, for example rites were performed and food and other equipment placed in grave. The archeology of Palestine attests continuity of burial practice indicating of belief that dead dwelt in tomb and needed offerings of food and drink. In Judaism too burial was regarded as essential. Mourning consisted of lamentation, rending of garments, wearing sack-cloth and fasting. Burial was often in caves or tombs excavated from rock. In New Testament period dead were wraped in linen bandages. Rabbinical tradition enjoins seven days of strict mourning.
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Keywords
Yahudilik, Ayin, Cenaze, Judaism, Rite, Burial
Citation
Güç, A. (2001). "Yahudilik’te defin ve sonrasına ait gelenekler". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 63-78.