Hoşgörünün liberal yorumu: John Stuart Mill
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Date
2018-03-13
Authors
Aydoğan, Emine
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Felsefe tarihinde Yararcı teorinin temsilcisi olarak sahneye çıkan John Stuart Mill çeşitlilik ve bireysel özerklik fikriyle de liberalizmin önemli bir ismi haline gelir. Mill, gerek yararcılıkta gerekse liberalizmde klasik bir temsilci olarak değerlendirilemez. Çünkü o yararcılığı, toplumsal ve entelektüel anlamda zenginleştirirken liberalizmi’de bu yönde, yararcılığıyla tutarlı bir şekilde klasik liberalizmden modern liberalizm çizgisine taşır. Mill’in gerek yararcılığı gerekse liberalizmi için temel bir unsur olarak görülen hoşgörü kavramı burada dikkat edilmesi gereken önemli bir düğüm noktası olarak görülebilir. Hoşgörü kavramı özgürlük, çeşitlilik gibi kavramlardan daha geniş kapsamlı ve onların varlığını garanti altına alan bir kavramdır. Bu kavram siyasi düşünceye Locke ile girmiş olsa da modern düşüncede bu kavrama son şeklini vermiş olan Mill’dir. Mill, hoşgörüyü sadece din özgürlüğü bağlamında değil birçok açıdan değerlendirme fırsatı sunar. Liberalizminde referansı olan otonom birey ideali Mill ile gerçekleşme imkânı bulur. Mill’in bu bireysel özerkliği temin edecek ilkesi ise hoşgörüdür.
John Stuart Mill, taking to the stage as a representative of utilitarian theory has also become a critical name of liberalism with his idea of diversity and individual autonomy. It is not possible to regard Mill as a classical representative im both utilitarianism and liberalism. Because he enriches utilitarianism in social and intellectual sense while he moves liberalism from classical liberalism to modern liberalism in a consistent way with utilitarianism. The concept tolerance by Mill that is considered to be fundamental for both utilitarianism and liberalism can also be concieved as a significant ceasura. Tolerance is a term that is more comprehensive than the terms, freedom and diversity and guarantees their presences. Although this term is introduced into the political thought with Locke, in modern thought Mill gives this term its last shape. Mill also offers an opportunity to assess tolerance not only in the context of freedom of religion but also different aspects. It is the tolerance autonomy of Mill that ensures this indiviual autonomy.
John Stuart Mill, taking to the stage as a representative of utilitarian theory has also become a critical name of liberalism with his idea of diversity and individual autonomy. It is not possible to regard Mill as a classical representative im both utilitarianism and liberalism. Because he enriches utilitarianism in social and intellectual sense while he moves liberalism from classical liberalism to modern liberalism in a consistent way with utilitarianism. The concept tolerance by Mill that is considered to be fundamental for both utilitarianism and liberalism can also be concieved as a significant ceasura. Tolerance is a term that is more comprehensive than the terms, freedom and diversity and guarantees their presences. Although this term is introduced into the political thought with Locke, in modern thought Mill gives this term its last shape. Mill also offers an opportunity to assess tolerance not only in the context of freedom of religion but also different aspects. It is the tolerance autonomy of Mill that ensures this indiviual autonomy.
Description
Keywords
John Stuart Mill, Liberalizm, Hoşgörü, Çeşitlilik, Özgürlük, Özerklik, Liberalism, Tolerance, Diversity, Freedom, Autonomy
Citation
Aydoğan, E. (2018). "Hoşgörünün liberal yorumu: John Stuart Mill". Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 30, 83-91.