Aristoteles’te ilk ilkelerin bilgisi ve nous üzerine
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Date
2011
Authors
Sarı, Mehmet Ali
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Aristoteles, “ilk ilkelerin” nasıl bilinebileceği sorusuna, II. Analitikler’de epagoge ve nous yanıtını verir. Öyleyse, Aristoteles’in ilk ilkelerin bilgisi hakkındaki bu yaklaşımı nasıl yorumlanmalıdır? Böyle bir soru karşısında genel olarak iki farklı yorum söz konusudur. Geleneksel, başka deyişle Ortodoks yorum, ilk ilkelerin nous gibi bir yeti tarafından elde edildiğini iddia ederken karşıt görüş ise nous’un, bu ilkeleri zorunlu olarak doğru kılan bir yeti olamayacağını iddia eden empirisist görüştür. İşte bu çalışma, ilk ilkelerin kaynağı hakkındaki bu her iki anlayışın metin tarafından desteklenmediğini gösterip, epagoge ile elde edilen her bilginin nous olmadığını ve eğer bu bilgi “ilk ilkeler” ise nous’un zihinsel bir durum olduğunu iddia etmektedir.
Aristotle defines episteme as knowledge demonstrated from first principles. But how do we know the first principles themselves? In Posterior Analytics Aristotle goes on to argue that we acquire knowledge of the first principles through epagoge and nous. But what exactly is the role epagoge in coming to know the first principles? Or is Aristotle saying that it is nous that grasps them a priori? Aristotle scholars have brought little agreement in answering these questions. According to the traditional interpretation, it is, for Aristotle, not epagoge but nous which gives us the knowledge of the principles. Contrary to this, some empiricist philosophers have recently argued that, on Aristotle’s view, we acquire knowledge of the principles through an inductive process and that nous is not an a priori faculty but a mental state we are in when we grasp them by that process. The main purpose of this paper is to show that both views are mistaken
Aristotle defines episteme as knowledge demonstrated from first principles. But how do we know the first principles themselves? In Posterior Analytics Aristotle goes on to argue that we acquire knowledge of the first principles through epagoge and nous. But what exactly is the role epagoge in coming to know the first principles? Or is Aristotle saying that it is nous that grasps them a priori? Aristotle scholars have brought little agreement in answering these questions. According to the traditional interpretation, it is, for Aristotle, not epagoge but nous which gives us the knowledge of the principles. Contrary to this, some empiricist philosophers have recently argued that, on Aristotle’s view, we acquire knowledge of the principles through an inductive process and that nous is not an a priori faculty but a mental state we are in when we grasp them by that process. The main purpose of this paper is to show that both views are mistaken
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Keywords
Episteme, İlk ilkeler, Epagoge, Nous, The first principles, Heksis
Citation
Sarı, M. A. (2011). "Aristoteles’te ilk ilkelerin bilgisi ve nous üzerine". Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 16, 123-131.