Kışlık ara ürün ve azotlu gübre uygulamalarının ayçiçeğinde (Helianthus annuus L.) verim ve önemli tarımsal özellikler üzerine etkileri
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Date
2006
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Bursa şartlarında kışlık ara ürün olarak adi fiğ ekilmiş olup yeşil gübre ve ot olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Daha sonra tarladan kaldırılan fiğ ürünü üzerine ayçiçeği ekilmiş ve farklı azot dozları uygulanarak ayçiçeği bitkisinin tane verimi ile bazı tarımsal özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Deneme, 1999-2002 yıllarında Bursa koşullarında üç yıl yapılmıştır. Çalışmada birinci faktör olarak üç farklı ön bitki uygulaması (fiğ yeşil gübreleme, fiğ ot üretimi ve buğday anızı) ve ikinci faktör olarak azot dozları (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 ve 20 kg N/da) ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın üç yıllık sonuçlarına göre; ot üretimi amacıyla yetiştirilen fiği izleyen ayçiçeğinden en yüksek tane verimi (227.4 kg/da) elde edilmiştir. Yeşil gübreleme amacıyla yetiştirilen fiği izleyen ayçiçeği 214.4 kg/da, buğday anızı üzerine ekilen ayçiçeği ise en düşük tane verimi (201.8 kg/da) sağlamıştır. Ot üretimi ve yeşil gübre amacıyla yetiştirilen fiğin kontrole göre ana ürün olarak ekilen ayçiçeğinde sağladıkları verim artışları sırasıyla % 12.7 ve % 6.2 civarında olmuştur. Yeşil gübre ve ot üretimi amacıyla yetiştirilen fiği takip eden azotsuz ayçiçeğinden sağlanan verimlerin kontrolde dekara 12 kg azot uygulamasından sonra elde edilen verimlere eşdeğer olduğu belirlenmiştir.
In this research the effects of different nitrogen rates on the yield and some agronomical traits of sunflower subsequent to common vetch grown for green manure and forage production were investigated. Field experiments were conducted on sunflower during three years (1999-2002) in Bursa first factor was previous crop treatment (common vetch as green manuring and forage production, and wheat stubble). Wheat stubble was used as control in previous crop treatment. As second treatment, nitrogen doses; 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 kg N ha-1 for sunflower were tested in this study. According to the results of three years, the highest seed yield (2274 kg ha-1) was obtained from sunflowers subsequent to common vetch grown for forage production. Sunflowers subsequent to common vetch grown for green manuring gave seed yield of 2144 kg ha-1, while the lowest seed yield (2018 kg ha-1) was produced from sunflowers sown on wheat stubble. Common vetch grown for forage production and green manure increased the the yield of sunflower 12.7 % and 6.2 %, respectively, as compared control. It was found that high yields which were produced from sunflowers without nitrogen aplication subsequent to common vetch grown for green manure and forage production were equal to the yields after 120 kg nitrogenous fertilizer applications per hectare in control.
In this research the effects of different nitrogen rates on the yield and some agronomical traits of sunflower subsequent to common vetch grown for green manure and forage production were investigated. Field experiments were conducted on sunflower during three years (1999-2002) in Bursa first factor was previous crop treatment (common vetch as green manuring and forage production, and wheat stubble). Wheat stubble was used as control in previous crop treatment. As second treatment, nitrogen doses; 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 kg N ha-1 for sunflower were tested in this study. According to the results of three years, the highest seed yield (2274 kg ha-1) was obtained from sunflowers subsequent to common vetch grown for forage production. Sunflowers subsequent to common vetch grown for green manuring gave seed yield of 2144 kg ha-1, while the lowest seed yield (2018 kg ha-1) was produced from sunflowers sown on wheat stubble. Common vetch grown for forage production and green manure increased the the yield of sunflower 12.7 % and 6.2 %, respectively, as compared control. It was found that high yields which were produced from sunflowers without nitrogen aplication subsequent to common vetch grown for green manure and forage production were equal to the yields after 120 kg nitrogenous fertilizer applications per hectare in control.
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Keywords
Adi fiğ, Yeşil gübreleme, Azotlu gübreleme, Ayçiçeği, Common vetch, Green manure, Nitrogenous fertilizing, Sunflower
Citation
Karasu, A. vd. (2006). "Kışlık ara ürün ve azotlu gübre uygulamalarının ayçiçeğinde (helianthus annuus l.) verim ve önemli tarımsal özellikler üzerine etkileri". Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 85-97.