İbn Hibban'ın karşıt anlamlı hadisleri hadisin bütünlüğü ilkesiyle Sahih'inde değerlendirişi
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Date
2006
Authors
Özçeltikçi, Ümmühan
Journal Title
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Hadis ilminin iki temel amacı vardır. Bunlardan birincisi bir hadisin Hz. Peygamber’e ait olup olmadığının tespiti, ikincisi ise O’na ait olduğu anlaşılan metnin anlaşılması ve yorumlanmasıdır. Zengin hadis külliyatının Hz. Peygamber’in maksadına uygun bir şekilde anlaşılması bağlamında oldukça önemli katkıları bulunan alimlerden biri de İbn Hibbân’dır. İbn Hibbân sahih hadisleri topladığı meşhur eseri Sahih’ini, doğru anlama amacına yönelik olarak, birbiriyle tedâhül etmeyen beş kısım ve dörtyüz nev‘e ayırmıştır. Bizzat kendisine ait olan bu tarzın temel amacı, Hz. Peygamber’in murat ettiği manayı tespit etmek ve böylece imamların tartışıp farklı hükümlere ulaştıkları hadislere açıklık getirmektir. İbn Hibbân’a göre hadis ilminde belli bir birikimi olmayanların Hz. Peygamber’e ait bilgi malzemesini doğru yorumlaması mümkün değildir. Böyle insanlar, muhteva itibarıyla birbirlerine tedahülü bulunan bazı hadisler arasında bir çelişki olduğunu zannedebilir. Bu da iki hadisten birinin, hatta ikisinin birden gözden çıkartılması manasına gelecektir. Halbuki gerçek durum böyle değildir. Bu nedenle o, hadisten çıkartılacak mananın Hz. Peygamber’in maksadı ile örtüşmesi çabasına hizmet edecek, tamamen kendi tespit ettiği bir tasnif tarzı benimsemiştir. Konu ile ilgili olarak elde edebildiği bütün hadislerin tüm tariklerini bir araya toplamak suretiyle İbn Hibbân, bütüncül yaklaşımın en güzel örneklerinden birini vermiş ve böylece “çelişki” iddialarının geçersiz olduğunu göstererek ilgili sorunları çözüme kavuşturmaya çalışmıştır.
The science of hadith has two main aims. One of them is the determination of the resource of hadith, if it belongs to Hz. Muhammed or not and the second one is providing the true understanding of the text which belongs to Hz. Muhammed. Ibn Hebban made significant contributions to true understanding of tremendous hadith literature in accordance with the aim of Hz. Muhammed. Ibn Hebban, who targeted to provide understanding of Sahih hadiths according to the aim of Hz. Muhammed, wanted Sahih to be memorized as Quran. Ibn Hebban distinguished Sahih hadiths into five sections and four hundred subtitles, which don’t contradict to each other, to make easier the understanding, memorizing of them and also to clarify the judgments which they include. The significant objective of this style, which belongs to Ibn Hebban, is the determination of the intentional meaning of Hz. Muhammed and thus clarification of the hadiths which imams discussed and reached different judgments. According to Ibn Hebban it is impossible to interpret the knowledge of Hz. Muhammed for people who don’t have enough information about science of hadiths. That kind of people can suppose that there is a contradiction between the hadiths which are complicated. This situation means the discontinue of one or both of the hadiths. Actually the real case is not like this. So that Ibn Hebban developed his original classification to connect the meaning which was inferenced from hadiths and the real intention of Hz. Muhammed as a unified whole. Also he wrote el-Musnedu’s Sahih ‘ala’t Takasim ve’l Enva‘ which is known as Sahihu’l Ibn Hebban. In conclusion Ibn Hebban accumulated hadiths, that he could find, and collected variants of the hadiths together. Also he invalidated the arguments about the contradiction and in this way he presented one of the most significant example of totalitarian approach.
The science of hadith has two main aims. One of them is the determination of the resource of hadith, if it belongs to Hz. Muhammed or not and the second one is providing the true understanding of the text which belongs to Hz. Muhammed. Ibn Hebban made significant contributions to true understanding of tremendous hadith literature in accordance with the aim of Hz. Muhammed. Ibn Hebban, who targeted to provide understanding of Sahih hadiths according to the aim of Hz. Muhammed, wanted Sahih to be memorized as Quran. Ibn Hebban distinguished Sahih hadiths into five sections and four hundred subtitles, which don’t contradict to each other, to make easier the understanding, memorizing of them and also to clarify the judgments which they include. The significant objective of this style, which belongs to Ibn Hebban, is the determination of the intentional meaning of Hz. Muhammed and thus clarification of the hadiths which imams discussed and reached different judgments. According to Ibn Hebban it is impossible to interpret the knowledge of Hz. Muhammed for people who don’t have enough information about science of hadiths. That kind of people can suppose that there is a contradiction between the hadiths which are complicated. This situation means the discontinue of one or both of the hadiths. Actually the real case is not like this. So that Ibn Hebban developed his original classification to connect the meaning which was inferenced from hadiths and the real intention of Hz. Muhammed as a unified whole. Also he wrote el-Musnedu’s Sahih ‘ala’t Takasim ve’l Enva‘ which is known as Sahihu’l Ibn Hebban. In conclusion Ibn Hebban accumulated hadiths, that he could find, and collected variants of the hadiths together. Also he invalidated the arguments about the contradiction and in this way he presented one of the most significant example of totalitarian approach.
Description
Keywords
İbn Hibban, Sahih, Taaruz, Karşıt hadis, Contrary hadith, Contradiction, Ibn Hebban
Citation
Özçeltikçi, Ü. (2006). İbn Hibban'ın karşıt anlamlı hadisleri hadisin bütünlüğü ilkesiyle Sahih'inde değerlendirişi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.