Yahudilikte dini semboller (Magen David örneği)
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Date
2014-06-26
Authors
Zeyrek, İsmail Naci
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bilinen ilk monoteist din olan Yahudiliğin başlangıcından günümüze gelen tarihsel sürecinde, hem kullanılan dil hem de görsel açıdan zengin bir sembolik ifade tarzı ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Özellikle günümüzde, ilk bakışta Yahudilik ile özdeşleştirilen "Magen David" (Davut Kalkanı), bu sembol dünyasında neredeyse ön planda yer edinmiş görünmektedir. Kimi kez "Süleyman Mührü" olarak da adlandırılmış olan bu sembolden, Yahudi Kutsal Kitap Literatürü'nün kanonik kabul edilen metinlerinde bilinen görsel haliyle bahsedilmemektedir. Buna karşın, aynı literatürün Kral Davut'tan söz edilen çoğu yerinde, Davut'un sığındığı tek merci olarak Tanrı'yı kabul etmesinin ve O'nu yegâne "Kalkan" olarak nitelemiş olduğunun okunması, bugün aynı isim ile bilinen diyagrama, halen temsil ettiği seküler alanın çok ötesinde metafizik bir temsiliyet boyutu katmaktadır. En erken tarihli örneği Bronz Çağı'na uzanan bu diyagram; günümüzde işaret, simge ve sembol temsiliyet kategorilerinin ait oldukları tam karşılıklarını kaybetmiş olması hasebiyle, sadece seküler bir temsiliyete indirgenmiş gözükmektedir. Bundan dolayıdır ki, söz konusu sembol de sadece bir etnisiteye ya da belli bir geleneğe atfedilmektedir. Oysa tarihsel süreçteki hemen her sahih geleneğin ontolojik, kozmolojik ve metafizik sahalarında zengin örneklerle geniş bir coğrafya ve zaman perspektifinde sembol temsiliyeti ile kullanılmış olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Yahudi otoritelerinin görüşü de, bu diyagramın başlangıçta Yahudi dini ya da etnisitesi ile özel bir ilişkisi olmadığı, bugün kazandığı temsiliyete yaklaşık son üçyüzelli yıllık süreçte ulaştığı yönündedir. Günümüzde çoğunlukla Yahudilik ile özdeşleştirilen "Magen David", Asli Gelenek'ten tevarüs edilen gerçek bir sembol iken, XVII. yüzyılda Yahudi kimliğini ayırt edici simge kategorisine indirgenmiş, XIX. yüzyılın sonlarında uluslararası platforma taşınan Siyonist hareketlerdeki kullanımı ile de bu temsiliyeti pekiştirilmiştir.
In the process from the beginning to the present of Judaism, the earliest monotheistic religion, encountered with the style of a rich symbolic expression both the language used and in a visually. Especially nowadays, at first glance, "Magen David" (Shield of David) identified with the Judaism, seems to be adopted at the forefront in the same rich symbol-world. Most of the times, about the symbol named as "Seal of Solomon" has been mentioned of the visual form. However, when reviewing of the literature, in most places (where is) refered to King David, David had accepted the authority of God as it is the only refuge and described the god as a only "Shield" . Additionally, the diagram, today, is known by the same name, adds a different meaning to this metaphysical representation than its own. The earliest example of around Bronze Age, Hexagram diagram, dating back to the Hebrews Period, today seems to be reduced to just a secular representation because it is lost of sign, symbol, and symbols are the full equivalent of the categories. This has, accordingly, been attributed to only one ethnicity or a single tradition. However, almost every authentic tradition of the historical process is understood that the perspective of geography and time using with a wide representation of the symbol with rich examples on ontological, cosmological and metaphysical fields. The opinion of the Jewish authorities, in this diagram, initially there wasn't a special relationship with the Jewish religion, or ethnicity, is that today, with representation in nearly reaches three hundred and half year period. Nowadays, symbol of "Magen David", often considered together with Judaism, reduced to the category of distinctive symbol of Jewish identity in the XVIIth century and carried in the international arena end of the XIXth century, with the use of this representation is corroborated by the Zionist movements.
In the process from the beginning to the present of Judaism, the earliest monotheistic religion, encountered with the style of a rich symbolic expression both the language used and in a visually. Especially nowadays, at first glance, "Magen David" (Shield of David) identified with the Judaism, seems to be adopted at the forefront in the same rich symbol-world. Most of the times, about the symbol named as "Seal of Solomon" has been mentioned of the visual form. However, when reviewing of the literature, in most places (where is) refered to King David, David had accepted the authority of God as it is the only refuge and described the god as a only "Shield" . Additionally, the diagram, today, is known by the same name, adds a different meaning to this metaphysical representation than its own. The earliest example of around Bronze Age, Hexagram diagram, dating back to the Hebrews Period, today seems to be reduced to just a secular representation because it is lost of sign, symbol, and symbols are the full equivalent of the categories. This has, accordingly, been attributed to only one ethnicity or a single tradition. However, almost every authentic tradition of the historical process is understood that the perspective of geography and time using with a wide representation of the symbol with rich examples on ontological, cosmological and metaphysical fields. The opinion of the Jewish authorities, in this diagram, initially there wasn't a special relationship with the Jewish religion, or ethnicity, is that today, with representation in nearly reaches three hundred and half year period. Nowadays, symbol of "Magen David", often considered together with Judaism, reduced to the category of distinctive symbol of Jewish identity in the XVIIth century and carried in the international arena end of the XIXth century, with the use of this representation is corroborated by the Zionist movements.
Description
Keywords
Sembol, Davud kalkanı, Magen David, Heksagram, Süleyman mührü, Kabala, Siyonizm, Symbol, Shield of David, Magen David, Hexagram, Seal of Solomon, Qabalah, Zionism
Citation
Zeyrek, İ. N. (2014). Yahudilikte dini semboller (Magen David örneği). Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.