Göç bağlamında ebeveyn kültürleşmesi, ergenin arkadaşlık ilişkileri ve psikososyal yetkinliği
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Date
2017-08-24
Authors
Aslan, Sevim Yıldız
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, göçmen ailelerin ergen çocuklarının psiko-sosyal yeterliği ve arkadaşlık ilişkilerini etkileyen göçe ilişkin, kültürel ve ailevi faktörlerin doğrudan ve dolaylı etkilerini incelemektir. Aynı zamanda, ebeveynin göç ve kültürleşme deneyimleri ile ebeveyn inanç ve uygulamaları arasındaki bağlantıların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında göçmen ergenin uyumu ile ebeveyn biliş ve davranışlarına kültürel ve ailevi sistemin etkileri de; Gülerce'nin (2007) Dönüşümsel Aile Modeli ve Berry'nin (1997) Kültürleşme Modeli çerçeve alınarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Bursa iline son 10 yıl içinde Türkiye'nin küçük yerleşim yerlerinden iç göç yoluyla gelen yaşları 11-14 arasında değişen 206 ergen ve anneleri oluşturmuştur. Anneden elde edilen veriler; kültürleşme süreci, aile işlevleri ve göç algısına dair sorulara verdikleri cevaplara ve yanı sıra ebeveynlik biliş ve davranışlarına ilişkin bir grup ölçüme dayanmaktadır. Ergenin uyum göstergeleri olarak ele alınan psiko-sosyal yetkinliği ve arkadaşlık ilişkilerine ilişkin veriler ise öz bildirimlerinden elde edilmiştir. Ergen psiko-sosyal uyumu ile göç ve kültürleşmenin bağlantılarına dair bulgular; annenin ayrımcılık deneyimlerinin, kültürleşme stratejilerinin ve yanı sıra ebeveynlik inanç ve uygulamalarının, ergenin akran ilişkilerini ve yalnızlığını yordadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, ailedeki psikolojik işlevselliğin de ergenin bir takım uyum göstergelerini açıkladığı da görülmektedir. Annenin ergenin akran ilişkilerini yönetirken en çok göç sürecine ilişkin ayrımcılık deneyimlerinden etkilendiği de dikkat çekici bir diğer bulgudur. Yanı sıra, annenin akran yönetiminin ergenin psiko-sosyal uyumu ile göç sürecine ilişkin değişkenler ve ailenin psikolojik işlevselliği arasında aracı rolü olduğu saptanmıştır. Son olarak çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, göç bağlamındaki genç bireylerin uyumuna aile üyelerinin maruz kaldığı kültürel ve sosyal değişimin etki edebildiği şeklinde yorumlanarak kültürleşme, dönüşümsel aile modeli ve ergen uyumuyla ilgili literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmış, çalışmanın katkısı ve sınırlılıkları değerlendirilmiştir.
The aim of this study is to examine the direct and indirect effects of migration, cultural and familial factors on the psychosocial competency and friendship relations of the adolescent children of immigrant families. It is also aimed to examine the connections between parental experiences of migration, cultivation and parental beliefs and practices. Within the scope of the study, in order to explain the effects of the cultural and family systems on both the adaptation of migrant adolescents and their mothers' cognitions and behavior; Gülerce's (2007) Transformational Family Model and Berry's (1997) Model of Acculturation are used. The sample of the study was comprised of 206 mothers and their adolescent children with ages ranging from 11-14 who come through internal migration from a small settlement of Turkey to the province of Bursa within the last 10 years. The data obtained from the mother is based on a group of measures related to parenting cognition and behavior, as well as responses to questions about the process of family cohesion, family functioning, and migration. The data about adolescent's psycho-social competence and friendship relations, which are considered as adaptation indicators, are derived from self-reports. Findings related to links between adolescent psycho-social adjustment and migration and culturation showed that; mother's discrimination experiences, acculturation strategies, as well as her parenting beliefs and practices predicted adolescent peer relations and loneliness. It has also been depicted that the psychological functioning in the family also reveals a number of adolescent adaptation indicators. Another remarkable finding is that the mother is influenced mainly by the discrimination experiences through migration process when managing adolescent's relations with peers. Besides, it has been detected that, mother's peer management has a mediary role between the psychological functioning of family, immigration process and the adolescent psychosocial adjustment. Finally, findings from the study were discussed in the context of the literature on adaptation, transformational family model and adolescent adaptation by interpreting the cultural and social change that family members are exposed to do effect the adaptation of young people to immigration contexts, and assess the contribution and limitations of the study.
The aim of this study is to examine the direct and indirect effects of migration, cultural and familial factors on the psychosocial competency and friendship relations of the adolescent children of immigrant families. It is also aimed to examine the connections between parental experiences of migration, cultivation and parental beliefs and practices. Within the scope of the study, in order to explain the effects of the cultural and family systems on both the adaptation of migrant adolescents and their mothers' cognitions and behavior; Gülerce's (2007) Transformational Family Model and Berry's (1997) Model of Acculturation are used. The sample of the study was comprised of 206 mothers and their adolescent children with ages ranging from 11-14 who come through internal migration from a small settlement of Turkey to the province of Bursa within the last 10 years. The data obtained from the mother is based on a group of measures related to parenting cognition and behavior, as well as responses to questions about the process of family cohesion, family functioning, and migration. The data about adolescent's psycho-social competence and friendship relations, which are considered as adaptation indicators, are derived from self-reports. Findings related to links between adolescent psycho-social adjustment and migration and culturation showed that; mother's discrimination experiences, acculturation strategies, as well as her parenting beliefs and practices predicted adolescent peer relations and loneliness. It has also been depicted that the psychological functioning in the family also reveals a number of adolescent adaptation indicators. Another remarkable finding is that the mother is influenced mainly by the discrimination experiences through migration process when managing adolescent's relations with peers. Besides, it has been detected that, mother's peer management has a mediary role between the psychological functioning of family, immigration process and the adolescent psychosocial adjustment. Finally, findings from the study were discussed in the context of the literature on adaptation, transformational family model and adolescent adaptation by interpreting the cultural and social change that family members are exposed to do effect the adaptation of young people to immigration contexts, and assess the contribution and limitations of the study.
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Keywords
Göç, Ebeveynlik, Kültürleşme, Arkadaşlık ilişkileri, Ergen yetkinliği, Migration, Parenting, Acculturation, Friendship relations, Adolescent competency
Citation
Aslan, S. Y. (2017). Göç bağlamında ebeveyn kültürleşmesi, ergenin arkadaşlık ilişkileri ve psikososyal yetkinliği. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.