Selefiliğin ortaya çıkışı ve bölgesel etkileri
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Date
2020-06-30
Authors
Kocaoğlu, Cânip
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
İslâm dini, ortaya çıktığı dönemden itibaren belirli bir coğrafyada yayılmaya başlayarak kısa zamanda büyük bir gelişme kaydetmiş ve yayıldığı toplumlarda zamanla pek çok dini ekol ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlardan biri de Selefiliğin temeli "İbn Teymiyye Ekolü"dür. İbn Teymiyye'ye dayandırılan bu ekol, başlangıçta taraftar bulsa da onun ölü-müyle birlikte zayıflamaya başlamış ve gücünü gittikçe kaybetmiştir. Ancak izleri tama-men kaybolmayan Selefiyye ekolü XVIII. yüzyıla gelindiğinde Muhammed b. Abdül-vehhab tarafından Selefîlik şeklinde yeniden gündeme getirilmiştir. Bu yeni selefilik her ne kadar İlm-i Selefiyye'ye benzese de aslında zihniyet olarak oldukça farklıdır. Öte yandan Selefîlik akımı yalnız dini değil, izlediği metot ve uygulamalarına bakıldığında onun aynı zamanda siyasi bir hareket olduğu da söylenebilir. Selefîler dı-şındaki Müslümanların ötekileştirilmesi, hatta kimisinin kâfir olarak görülmesi bu özelli-ğinden kaynaklanmış olmalıdır. Selefîlik esasen son dönemde Suudi Arabistan'ın resmi dini ideolojisi haline getirilmiş ve devletin kuruluşunda önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Her ne kadar kökleri oldukça eskiye dayansa da Selefîlik bugün modern bir gö-rünüm kazanmıştır. Militan Selefîler ve Siyasi Selefîler gibi ayrışmalar bunun en açık işaretidir. Işid, El-Nusra, El-Kâide, Boko Haram, Eş-Şebâb gibi dini görünümlü siyasi amaçlı örgütlerin, dünyanın pek çok yerinde kanlı terör olaylarını gerçekleştirmeleri onla-rın dini hareketlerden ziyade siyasi yapılanmalar olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.
Islamic religion began to develop in a certain geography as of the period it emer-ged. Due to the conditions of the period after the first period of expansion in this geog-raphy after the journeys for the purposes of communication in different geographies has spread. With the beginning of the spread of Islam, many different schools have emerged in the structure of religion. One of these schools is Ilm- i Salafiyye "Ibn- i Taymiyya School. This school, which was based on Ibn Taymiyya, found its supporters in the be-ginning, however, it began to wear out in time and it gradually lost its influence with the death of Ibn Taymiyya. But the traces of the ilm - i Salafiyye school completely disap-peared XVIII. century by Muhammad bin Abdülvehhab in the form of Salafism has come up with a new approach. Although the main reason for the difference here is simi-lar to the Selim-i Salafiyye, Salafism understanding is a different structure as a menta-lity. When the Salafism is examined, it is noteworthy that it is an institutionalized structure. General practice systems, however, are based on the protection of political interests and their support. As a matter of fact, the most general forms of practice are that Muslims, who do not have the idea of Salafism, are accepted as infidels. The Salafis, who have attracted attention with their political aspect and instituti-onalization, are not at a level to be underestimated. As a matter of fact, it is known that the Salafism mentality has been greatly utilized in the establishment of Saudi Arabia in the recent past. Although it is mentioned that a religious practice and lifestyle is maintained, the Salafism movement has been divided into different branches in time. These arms; Mili-tant Salafis Formations such as political Salafis are exemplary, and these divisions have criticized various aspects of Salafism. These divisions in Salafism have also led to the formation of various armed structures. These formations can be seen as examples such as ISIS, El - Nusra, Al - Qaeda, Boko Haram, Eş - Şebab. These formations carried out bloody terror events in many parts of the world as they were in the geography they emerged.
Islamic religion began to develop in a certain geography as of the period it emer-ged. Due to the conditions of the period after the first period of expansion in this geog-raphy after the journeys for the purposes of communication in different geographies has spread. With the beginning of the spread of Islam, many different schools have emerged in the structure of religion. One of these schools is Ilm- i Salafiyye "Ibn- i Taymiyya School. This school, which was based on Ibn Taymiyya, found its supporters in the be-ginning, however, it began to wear out in time and it gradually lost its influence with the death of Ibn Taymiyya. But the traces of the ilm - i Salafiyye school completely disap-peared XVIII. century by Muhammad bin Abdülvehhab in the form of Salafism has come up with a new approach. Although the main reason for the difference here is simi-lar to the Selim-i Salafiyye, Salafism understanding is a different structure as a menta-lity. When the Salafism is examined, it is noteworthy that it is an institutionalized structure. General practice systems, however, are based on the protection of political interests and their support. As a matter of fact, the most general forms of practice are that Muslims, who do not have the idea of Salafism, are accepted as infidels. The Salafis, who have attracted attention with their political aspect and instituti-onalization, are not at a level to be underestimated. As a matter of fact, it is known that the Salafism mentality has been greatly utilized in the establishment of Saudi Arabia in the recent past. Although it is mentioned that a religious practice and lifestyle is maintained, the Salafism movement has been divided into different branches in time. These arms; Mili-tant Salafis Formations such as political Salafis are exemplary, and these divisions have criticized various aspects of Salafism. These divisions in Salafism have also led to the formation of various armed structures. These formations can be seen as examples such as ISIS, El - Nusra, Al - Qaeda, Boko Haram, Eş - Şebab. These formations carried out bloody terror events in many parts of the world as they were in the geography they emerged.
Description
Keywords
Selef, Selefîlik, Hanbeli, Vehhâbîlik, Predecessor, Salafism, Hanbali, Wahhabism
Citation
Kocaoğlu, C. (2020). Selefiliğin ortaya çıkışı ve bölgesel etkileri. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.