Taberi tefsiri’nde siyer rivayetleri (medine dönemi)
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Date
2019-08-08
Authors
Soycan, Mustafa
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kur’ân, süreç içerisinde ortaya çıkan İslâmî ilimlere hem kaynaklık etmiş, hem de bu ilimlerle ilgili ilkeler, amaçlar tayin ederek çerçevesini belirlemiştir. Kur’ân’ın Hz. Peygamber’in örnekliğini nazara vermesi ve sireti hakkında bazen tafsili, bazen de icmali bilgiler vermesi Siyer ilminin ortaya çıkmasını netice vermiştir. Kur’ân’ın konuları kendine özgü bir üslupla sunması Siyer’le ilgili âyetlerin tespitinin yapılmasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Klasik siyer kitaplarında Siyer’le ilgili âyetler konuların takdiminde daha çok bağdaştırma amaçlı olarak yer verilmiş, âyetin bağlamı ve mânaya delâletini tespit etme çoğunlukla söz konusu olmamıştır. Siyer yazımında Kur’ân’dan yararlanmak için hem konuyla ilgili âyetlerin bağlamının hem de mânaya delâletinin vuzuha kavuşturulması gerekiyor. Bu güçlüğü aşmak için Tefsir ilminden yararlanmamız kaçınılmazdır. Siyer-Tefsir ilişkisini ortaya koyma adına ilk dönem tefsirinin zirvesi diyebileceğimiz Taberî tefsirinin önemli bir yeri vardır. Taberî, Kur’ân’ın bütünlüğü, âyetin bağlamı, sahih hadis, icmâ, tarihi ve sosyal gerçeklik, tabii gerçekler, akli gerçekler, Arapça’nın temel özellikleri, zâhir anlam, nesh gibi bir takım ilkelere başvurarak siyer-tefsir ilişkisini tespit etmeye çalışmıştır.
The Qur'an has been the source of Islamic sciences, both by providing basic principles of these sciences and determining the objectives defines the framework. The fact that the Qur'an took into account the example of the Prophet and gave some detailed and sometimes brief information about his prophetic has resulted in the emergence of the prophetic science. The fact that the Qur'an presents its subjects in a unique way makes it difficult to determine the verses related to the prophetic. In classical prophetic books, verses related to prophetic were mostly involved in reconciliation, and the context and meaning of the verse were often not mentioned. To use the Qur'an in prophetic writing, both the context of the verses and the meaning of the verses should be clarified. In order to overcome this difficulty, it is inevitable to benefit from the science of exegesis. To reveal the relationship between prophetic and exegesis, the Taberi tafsir, which we can call the summit of the first period exegesis, has an important place. Taberi tried to determine the relation of prophetic-exegesis by referring to a number of principles such as Qur'anic integrity, the context of the verse, authentic truth, icma(consensus), historical and social reality, natural reality, the possibilities of Arabic language, apparent meaning, abrogation.
The Qur'an has been the source of Islamic sciences, both by providing basic principles of these sciences and determining the objectives defines the framework. The fact that the Qur'an took into account the example of the Prophet and gave some detailed and sometimes brief information about his prophetic has resulted in the emergence of the prophetic science. The fact that the Qur'an presents its subjects in a unique way makes it difficult to determine the verses related to the prophetic. In classical prophetic books, verses related to prophetic were mostly involved in reconciliation, and the context and meaning of the verse were often not mentioned. To use the Qur'an in prophetic writing, both the context of the verses and the meaning of the verses should be clarified. In order to overcome this difficulty, it is inevitable to benefit from the science of exegesis. To reveal the relationship between prophetic and exegesis, the Taberi tafsir, which we can call the summit of the first period exegesis, has an important place. Taberi tried to determine the relation of prophetic-exegesis by referring to a number of principles such as Qur'anic integrity, the context of the verse, authentic truth, icma(consensus), historical and social reality, natural reality, the possibilities of Arabic language, apparent meaning, abrogation.
Description
Keywords
Qur’an, Tefsir, Tafsir, Siyer, Kur’ân, Tarih, Siyer(prophetic), History, Taberî
Citation
Soycan, M. (2019). Taberi tefsiri’nde siyer rivayetleri (Medine dönemi). Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü.