Publication: Bathonea’dan Erken Hristiyanlık Dönemine ait bir martyrion ve opus sectile döşemesi
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Date
2023-08-16
Authors
Authors
Sazak , Batuhan
Aydıngün, Şengül
Aydıngün, Haldun
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
İstanbul’un batı yakasında yer alan Küçükçekmece Göl Havzası, Firuzköy Yarımadası üzerinde Bathonea Antik Liman Yerleşiminde, 2009 yılında arkeolojik kazılar başlamıştır. Kazılarda İÖ IV. yüzyıl ile İS XI. yüzyıllar arasına tarihlenen, limanlar, yollar, meydanlar, su yapıları, askeri, sivil ve dini yapılar ortaya çıkarılmaktadır. Kazılarda 8. Alan olarak kodlanan bölgede bir kale kalıntısı ile çevrili alanın içinde dıştan kare içten sekizgen planlı, kubbeli ve bir kriptası olan bir yapının gösterdiği özellikler nedeniyle martyrion olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu yapıda yürütülen kazılarda, opus sectile tekniğinde geometrik bir zemin döşeme ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca yapının kubbe, kemer, tonoz ve duvarlarında yer aldığı anlaşılan mozaik kaplamalar ele geçmiştir. Kalın bir sıvaya gömülü olduğu anlaşılan tesseraların yeşil, mavi, sarı, kırmızı, beyaz gibi doğal taş, mermer, cam ve kiremit gibi örnekleri yanında çok sayıda altın ve gümüş yaldızlı olanları da bulunmaktadır. Bu yazıda bir kısmı in situ halde bulunan geometrik opus sectile zemin döşemesinin parçaları ve döşemenin kompozisyon özellikleri incelenmiştir. Döşemenin, farklı arkeolojik alanlardaki benzer örnekleriyle karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Yapının mimari özellikleri, mozaikleri ve buluntuları IV.- VI. yüzyıllar arasına tarihlendirilmektedir. Yapının VI. yüzyılda yaşanan büyük bir deprem ile yıkıldığı sanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle yapının üst örtü sistemindeki mozaik bezemelerin dekorasyonu hakkında bilgi edinilememiştir
Archaeological excavations started in 2009 at the ancient harbour settlement of Bathonea on the Firuzköy Peninsula in the Küçükçekmece Lake Basin on the western side of Istanbul. The excavations uncovered harbours, roads, squares, water structures, military, civil and religious buildings dating between the IVth century BC and the XIth century AD. In the area coded as Area 8, surrounded by the remains of a fortress, a building with a square exterior and octagonal interior plan, a domed structure and a crypt is thought to be a martyrion due to its characteristics. During the excavations carried out in this building, a geometrical floor slab in opus sectile technique was unearthed. In addition, mosaic pavements were recovered from the dome, arches, vaults and walls of the building. The tesserae, which appear to have been embedded in a thick plaster, are made of natural stones such as green, blue, yellow, red, white, marble, glass and tiles, as well as many gold and silver gilded ones. In this paper, the fragments of the geometric opus sectile floor tile, some of which were found in situ, and its compositional characteristics are analyzed. The floor was compared with similar examples from found in situ, and its compositional characteristics are analyzed. The floor was compared with similar examples from different archaeological sites. The architectural features, mosaics and finds of the building are dated between the IVth and VIth centuries. It is believed that the building was destroyed by a great earthquake in the 6th century. Therefore, no information could be obtained about the decoration of the mosaic decorations on the upper cover system of the building.
Archaeological excavations started in 2009 at the ancient harbour settlement of Bathonea on the Firuzköy Peninsula in the Küçükçekmece Lake Basin on the western side of Istanbul. The excavations uncovered harbours, roads, squares, water structures, military, civil and religious buildings dating between the IVth century BC and the XIth century AD. In the area coded as Area 8, surrounded by the remains of a fortress, a building with a square exterior and octagonal interior plan, a domed structure and a crypt is thought to be a martyrion due to its characteristics. During the excavations carried out in this building, a geometrical floor slab in opus sectile technique was unearthed. In addition, mosaic pavements were recovered from the dome, arches, vaults and walls of the building. The tesserae, which appear to have been embedded in a thick plaster, are made of natural stones such as green, blue, yellow, red, white, marble, glass and tiles, as well as many gold and silver gilded ones. In this paper, the fragments of the geometric opus sectile floor tile, some of which were found in situ, and its compositional characteristics are analyzed. The floor was compared with similar examples from found in situ, and its compositional characteristics are analyzed. The floor was compared with similar examples from different archaeological sites. The architectural features, mosaics and finds of the building are dated between the IVth and VIth centuries. It is believed that the building was destroyed by a great earthquake in the 6th century. Therefore, no information could be obtained about the decoration of the mosaic decorations on the upper cover system of the building.
Description
Bu makale Batuhan Sazak’ın, Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Arkeoloji Anabilim Dalı’nda, Prof. Dr. Şengül Aydıngün danışmanlığında 2022 yılında yaptığı “Bathonea Antik Kenti Mozaikleri” isimli tezden üretilmiştir.
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Citation
Sazak, B. (2023). Bathonea’dan Erken Hristiyanlık Dönemine ait bir martyrion ve opus sectile döşemesi . Journal of Mosaic Research, 16, 343-359.